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平衡 电动叉车 总体 设计 工作 装置

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平衡重式电动叉车总体设计及工作装置设计,平衡,电动叉车,总体,设计,工作,装置

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Xxx大学本科生毕业设计姓 名： XXX 学 号： XXXXX 学 院： XXXXXXXXX 专 业： XXXXXXXXXX 设计题目： XXXXXXX 专 题： 指导教师： XXXX 职 称： 教授 2015 年 5 月 摘 要叉车具有装卸和搬运功能，机动灵活，能适应多变的装卸搬运要求，普遍适用于港口、车站、货场、车间、仓库、油田及机场等处，还可以进入船舱和集装箱内进行装卸作业，除此之外，还广泛应用于军事部门和特殊防爆部门，有的车辆可无人驾驶，到人员不断接近的地方工作适用于柔性加工系统，总之，随着物流技术的不断发展和工业化水平的提高，叉车使用范围将日益扩大，成为一种产量与品种很多的装卸搬运机械。本叉车是参照市场上已有产品大连6113BG型10吨叉车设计，基本参数与相近，最大载重量也为10吨，本设计主要设计了变速箱、起降油缸、差速器、货叉前端，其中货叉前端档块为创新点。现代叉车技术发展的主要趋势是充分考虑舒适性、安全可靠性和可维护性 ,产品专业化、系列多样化,大量应用新技术,完善操控系统,重视节能和环保 ,全面提升产品的性能和品质。通过对国际国内叉车造型设计的现状分析，运用工业设计的理论和方法，研究了叉车造型设计的要素及设计原则：造型要求简洁明快、线条流畅，以体现车身的力度感与坚实稳重的感；色彩力求单纯，给人以轻松、愉悦的感觉，主色调以明度较高的黄 色、橙色为宜；车身前后左右要求有宽大的玻璃，仪表具有良好的可读性。研究结果对叉车设计具有重要的实际指导意义。关键词：叉车； 三轴式； 滑移直齿轮变速； 紧凑ABSTRACTForklifts can do handing works,and can flexibility to adapt to changing of handing requirements,and generally applicable to ports,railway stations,freight yard,workshops,warehouses,oil fields and the airport and places,and forklifts could still enter the cabin and container handing operations within.In addition,forklifts are alseo widely used in military and special explosionproof sector,some vehicles will be unmanned,that officers should hot work in places close to or for Flexible Manufacturing Systerm.In short, as the logistics and technological development and the enhancement of the level of industrialization,the use of fork lifts will be expanding ,and it will become a yield varieties with a lot of material handing machinery.The forklift is based produces already on the market in Dalian 6113 BG-10-ton forklift design,the basit parameters was similar,for the largest load of 10 tons.The main degin of the design is the transmission, Other parts only briefly describes or do not given the design.Within this total,the transmission of three-axis,gearbex,sliding gear transmission,simple and compact structure,by the same agencies to achieve a variable speed transmission and reverse operation.The major trend ofmodern technology developmentof the fork truck is to be fully in consideration of the friendly operation, the reliability, the safety, the goodmaintenance, the specialization, the series, and the diversificat, and to adopt new technology, to improve steering system, and to focuson energy saving and environmentprotection in order to promote the trucks capacity and quality.Based on the analysis of current status of international and domestic forklift truck form design， the key elements and design principles in forklift truck form design was researched using industriM design theory and methodology：It Was put forward that the form offorklift truck should be simple and lively tll smooth lines in order to convey the sense of strength and steadiness；the color strives simplicity to make people feel pleasant and light mainly usingtones ofyeHow and orange；there shouldbe big ass atthefrontand back oftrucks；thein struments should be easy to readThe research results provided practical reference for forklift truck designKeywords： fork truck; 3-axis; sliding gear transmission; compact 目 录1 绪论1.1 国内叉车外观造型设计的现状1.2 国际叉车外观造型设计的现状1.3 叉车造型设计几个方面1.4 叉车技术的发展趋势1.5 叉车在特殊条件下的应用 2叉车设计总体方案2.1 设计总体方案确定12.1.1 方案的制定原则2.1.2 设计方案的规划 2.1.3 方案设计内容总结 2.2 叉车发动机的选择2.2.1 发动机基本型式的选择2.2.2 发动机主要性能指标的选择3 变速箱设计3.1 变速箱的构造和原理3.2 变速箱的结构方案图3.3 变速箱主要参数的选择3.3.1 变速箱挂慢速档时参数选择3.3.2 变速箱挂快速档时参数选择3.3.3 变速箱挂倒档时参数选择3.3.4 中心距确定3.3.5 齿轮模数确定3.3.6 齿数分配3.3.7 齿轮其他基本几何参数与结构图3.3.8 主要零件的计算3.4 齿轮公差组的确定3.5 轴的结够设计及强度计算3.5.1 第一轴的结够设计及强度计算3.5.2 中间轴的结够设计及强度计算3.6 轴承的选择与校核3.7 键的选择与校核3.8 确定箱体的基本参数 4 差速器设计4.1 差速器的类型及选择 4.2 差速器齿轮设计4.2.1 齿轮主要参数选择 4.2.2 几何参数的计算4.2.3 行星齿轮轴直径及支撑长度确