中考英语甘肃省复习课件：第41讲阅读理解(二).ppt

甘肃省,英语,第41讲阅读理解(二),阅读理解。(2014，兰州),阅读以上选自牛津高阶英语词典的词条，回答下列问题。1Whichofthefollowingwordsisthefirstinalphabetical(字母的)orderinadictionary？_AShoot.BIgnore.CValuable.DResource.2Thepronunciationoftheword“resource”is_A/riss/B/ut/C/ign(r)/D/vljubl/3Whatisthepastformoftheword“shoot”？_AshootedBshotCshootDshooting,B,A,B,4Whichsentenceiswrongafterlearningthesewordsinthedictionary？_ACanadaisrichinwaterresources.BThisisavaluabledecision.CHeignorancethedoctorsadvice.DHeusedtoshootwildanimals.5Whatdothewords“shoot”“ignore”，“valuable”and“resource”meaninChinese？_A嫩芽；资源；有价值的；忽略B忽略；资源；嫩芽；有价值的C资源；忽略；嫩芽；有价值的D嫩芽；忽略；有价值的；资源,C,D,中考英语“阅读理解”题主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力。很多同学在做题时常常有一种“读得懂做不对”的感觉。那么有必要对阅读理解这种题型及其解题技巧作一些简要的分析。从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看，短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，充分体现其时代性、实用性。短文难度逐年加大。常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和判断正误题。,做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所需信息。其次要注意先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。(一)主旨概括题主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。,(二)细节理解题细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。(三)推理判断题推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。,(四)猜测词义题猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义的能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。,【例2】(2014，宜宾)WhenyouhearWesterners(西方人)say“Dropinanytime”(随时来玩)or“Comeandseemesoon”，youshouldrealizethatitdoesntmeanyouarewelcometocomeovertotheirhouseanytime.Itswisetotelephonebeforevisitingsomeone.Neveracceptaninvitationunlessyoureallyplantogo.Youmayrefusebysaying，“Thankyouforinvitingme，butImaynotbeabletocome.”Ifyouareunabletocomeafteracceptingtheinvitation，besuretotellthosewhoinviteyouinadvance(提前)thatyouwillnotbethere.,Whenyouhaveacceptedtheinvitationtoapartyoradinner，itispolitetobringsmallgiftswithyou，suchasbottlesofdrink，flowersandchocolate.SometimesWesternersmaytakeyououttodinnerinarestaurantanditdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatheisgoingtopaythebillattheendofthemeal.Hemightwantyouto“go_Dutch”，whichmeanseachpersonpayshisownbill.,1Thebesttitleofthispassageis_ADropinanytime.BComeandseemesoon.CInvitationinWesterncountries.DWesterners.解析：主旨概括题。根据短文的主要内容是围绕西方的邀请文化介绍的。答案：_,C,2WhenWesternerssay“Dropinanytime”or“Comeandseemesoon”，itmeans_Ayouarewelcometovisitthemanytime.Byouarewelcometovisitthem，butyoustillneedtocallthembeforegoingtotheirhouse.Ctheydontwantyoutovisitthem.Dtheywillholdapartyforyou.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段youshouldrealizethatitdoesntmeanyouarewelcometocomeovertotheirhouseanytime.Itswisetotelephonebeforevisitingsomeone.可知，当人们说随时来玩时，那不意味着你能够随时拜访他们的家，在拜访之前最好打电话。答案：_,B,3IfaWesternerinvitesyoutogotohishouse，_Ayoumayrefuseifyoudontplantogo.Byouhavetoaccepttheinvitationevenyoudontwanttogo.Cyoucantaccepttheinvitation.Dandyouaccepttheinvitation，youmustgo.解析：细节理解题。根据Neveracceptaninvitationunlessyoureallyplantogo.Youmayrefusebysaying，“Thankyouforinvitingme，butImaynotbeabletocome.”可知，除非你真的计划去，否则不要接受邀请。你可以通过说“谢谢邀请，但我不能来”来表示拒绝。答案：_,A,4Ifyouhaveacceptedtheinvitationtoapartyoradinner，whatkindofgiftswillyoubring？_AMoney.BTelevisions.CComputers.DBooks.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Whenyouhaveacceptedtheinvitationtoapartyoradinner，itispolitetobringsmallgiftswithyou，suchasbottlesofdrink，flowersandchocolate.描述及选项的对比可知。答案：_,D,5Theunderlinedpart“go_Dutch”means“_”inChinese.A去荷兰B去Dutch这家餐厅C实行AA制D请客解析：词义猜测题。根据后面的非限制性定语从句whichmeanseachpersonpayshisownbill(那意味着人们都各自付钱)可得出正确答案。答案：_,C,(2015，安徽)SometimesIreallydoubtwhetherthereislovebetweenmyparents.Everydaytheyareverybusytryingtomakemoneyformyschooling.Oneday,mymotherwassewingaquilt(缝被子).Isilentlysatbesideher.“Mum,istherelovebetweenyouandDad？”Iaskedinaverylowvoice.Withsurpriseinhereyes,shestoppedherworkforawhile.Thenshesaid,“Susan,lookatthisthread(线).Itcanhardlybeseen,butitsreallythere.Itmakesthequiltstrong.Iflifeisaquilt,loveshouldbeathread.Loveisinside.”,Icouldntunderstandheruntilthenextspring.Atthattime,myfathersuddenlygotsickseriously.Mymotherhadtostaywithhiminthehospitalforamonth.Aftertheywereback,mymotherhelpedmyfatherwalkslowlyonthecountryroadeveryday.Theyweresokindtoeachotheranditseemedtheywerethehappiestcouple.Aftertwomonthsmyfatherstillcouldntwalkbyhimself.“Dad,howareyoufeelingnow？”Iaskedhimoneday.“Susan,dontworryaboutme.”hesaid.“Ijustlikewalkingwithyourmum.Ilikethiskindoflife.”Readinghiseyes,Iknewhelovesmymotherdeeply.,NowIunderstandthatloveisjustathreadinthequiltofourlife.Loveisinside,makinglifestrongandwarm.1WhyareSusansparentsbusytryingtomakemoney？_ATosendSusantoschoolBTogettoseethedoctorCTobuyastrongquiltDToshowtheirlove2Susansfatherstayedinhospitalfor_AonedayBonemonthCtwomonthsDthreemonths,A,B,3Susancametounderstandhermother_AwhilehermotherwassewingaquiltBbeforeherfatherwasinhospitalCwhenshewassittingbesidehermotherDafterherfatherwasseriouslysick4Whatcanweknowfromthepassage？_ASusansfatherisverylazyBSusansmotherisanurseCSusansparentsloveeachotherDSusandoesntlikeherfather,D,C,5Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？_AHowtomakeaQuiltStrongBLoveisjustaTreadCWalkingontheCountryRoadDASeriouslySickFather,B,(一)(2015，烟台)孔子WhoisthegreatestteacherinChinesehistory？ManypeoplewouldthinkofConfucius，whosebirthdaywasSeptember28.Althoughhelivedover2，000yearsago，peoplestillrememberandrespecthimforhiscontributiontotheeducationtoday.ConfuciuslivedintheKingdomofLu，whichliesinShandongProvince.HelivedduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.Hehadahardchildhood.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasonly3.Hismotherbroughthimup.Asachild，hehadtoworktohelphismother，butyoungConfuciusdidntgiveupstudying.Hevisitedmanyfamousteachersandlearnedmusic，history，poetryandsports.,Later，hebecameateacherandstartedthefirstpublicschoolinChinesehistory.Atthattimeonlychildrenformnoblefamiliescouldgotoschool，butConfuciusbelievedeveryoneshouldgotoschooliftheywantedtolearn.Hehadabout3，000studentsinhislifetime.Today，peoplestillfollowConfuciuslessons.Hetoldusthatweallhavesomethingworthytobelearned.“WhenIamwiththreepeople，oneofthemmustbebetterthanmeinsomeareas.Ichoosetheirgoodqualitiesandfollowthem.”Healsotaughtusthatthinkingisveryimportantinstudy.“Allstudybutnothinkingmakespeoplepuzzled(困惑的)Allthinkingbutnostudymakespeoplelazy.”,Confuciusisnotonlyagreatteacher，butalsoafamousthinkerwithwisethoughtsabouttheworldandsociety.Hismostimportantteachingsareaboutkindnessandgoodmanners.“Apersonshouldbestrictwithhimself，butbekindtoothers.”hesaid.1TodaywestillrememberConfuciusmainlybecause_AhelivedapoorlifeinhischildhoodBhehadwisethoughtsandgreatviewsabouteducationChetraveledwithhisstudentsfromstatetostateDhelivedduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,B,2Confuciuslearnedmusic，history，poetryandsports_asachild.AbyteachinghimselfathomeBwiththehelpofhismotherCbygoingtoschoolDbyvisitingmanyfamousteachers3Theunderlinedword“noble”inParagraph3hastheclosestmeaningto_ApoorBbrightCwealthyDcute,D,C,4Thecorrectorderofthefollowingstatementsis_Confuciusworkedtohelphismotherasachild.Confuciuseducatedabout3，000studentsinhislifetime.Confuciusfatherdied.ConfuciusstartedthefirstpublicschoolinChinesehistory.ABCD5WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage？_AAllstudybutnothinkingmakespeoplepuzzied.BNoonehassomethingworthytobelearned.CAllthinkingbutnostudymakespeoplelazy.DApersonshouldbestrictwithhimself，butbekindtoothers.,A,A,(二)(2015，河南)福克斯市场、曼尼托尼省议会大厦、千禧年图书馆、儿童博物馆,注：souvenirs纪念品legislative议会根据材料内容选择最佳答案。6Youmaycall_ifyouwanttoknowmoreabouttheForksMarket.A2049866450B2049244000C2049426302D20494558137WhatcanyoudointheManitobaLegislativeBuilding？_ABuyfoodandfruits.BWatchpublicprograms.CHaveaselfguidedtour.DEnjoymusicandmovies.,C,C,8WhencanyougototheMillenniumLibrary？_AAt9am.onTuesday.BAt7pm.onFriday.CAt8pm.onSaturday.DAt4pm.onSunday.9YoucantakeawalkinEatonsSantasVillagein_duringtheholidayseason.AtheForksMarketBtheChildrensMuseumCtheMillenniumLibraryDtheManitobaLegislativeBuilding10.Whereistextmostprobablyfrom？_AAguidebook.BApicturebook.CAhistorybook.DAsciencebook.,D,B,A,(三)(2015，福州)条条大路通罗马FlowliketheriverofchangeLittlestreamrandownfromahighmountainthroughmanyvillagesandforests.Thenitreachedadesert.“Iwentthroghsomanydifficulties.Ishouldhavenoproblemcrossingthedesert，”shethought.Asshestarted，shefoundherselfslowlydisappearingintothesand.Aftermanytries，shestillfailed.“MaybeIcantreachtheocean，”shesaidsadlytoherself.Atthistime，adeepvoicesaid，“Ifabreeze(微风)cancrossthedesert，socanariver.”Itwasthevoiceofthedesert.Butthelittlestreamanswered.“Thatsbecauseabreezecanfly，butIcannot.”,“Thatsbecauseyoucantgiveupwhatyouare.Letyourselfevaporate(蒸发)intothebreeze.anditcantakeyouacross，”saidthedesert.“GiveupwhatIamnow？No！No！”Thelittlestreamcouldnotacceptthisidea.“Thebreezecancarrythevapor(蒸汽)acrossthedesertandletitleaveasrain.Therainwillformariveragain.”saidthedesert.“Andwhetheryoureariverorvapor，yournatureneverchanges.”Hearingthis，thelittlestreamwentintotheopenarmsofthebreeze.Itcarriedhertothenextstageofherlife.Thecourseofourlivesisliketheexperienceofthelittlestream.Ifyouwanttogothroughdifficultiesinyourlifetoheadforsuccess，youshouldalsochangethewayyouare.,11Thelittlestreamaimedtoreach_AtheforestBtheoceanCthedesertDtheriver12Thelittlestream_beforeshegottothedesert.AdidntmeetmuchdifficultyBwasworriedaboutherselfCknewwellaboutthedesertDwasconfidentaboutherself,B,D,13Atfirst，thelittlestreamdidntacceptthedesertsadvicebecause_AshefailedmanytimesBshewasafraidofthebreezeCshewasntableflyDshewouldntgiveupwhatshewas14Thelittlestreamfinallycorssedthedesertby_AevaporatingintothebreezeBformingariverCdisappearingintothesandDchanginghernature,D,A,15Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus？_ATheroadtosuccessisnotalwayseasyandsmooth.BWhateverotherssay，weshouldalwaysbeourselves.CTosucceed，weshouldchangethewayweareifnecessary.DWemanyexperiencedifficultyinlifejustlikethelittlestream.,C,(一)(2015，温州)Isitfairforrestaurantstoban(禁止)littleeaters？InMonronroeville，alocalrestaurant，McDains，recentlydecidedtobanyoungchildren.AliceRoseman，itsmanager，sayskidshavebadmannersandmaketoomuchnoise.Otherpeople，however，saytheruleishardtoaccept.Sinceithasbecomeahottopicinpublic，wecaughtseverallocalpeopletalkingaboutit.,1.Therestaur