中考九年级英语复习中考语法常考要点与练习专题1名词.ppt

专题一名词,专题一名词,考点1可数名词,考点直击,可数名词的复数形式,专题一名词,1常用变化规则：,专题一名词,2.部分名词复数的规则变化(1)以y结尾的专有名词，或以“元音字母y”结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s。如：twoMarystheHenrysmonkeymonkeysholidayholidays(2)以o结尾的名词变复数时：加s。如：photophotospianopianos加es。如：heroheroespotatopotatoestomatotomatoes记忆口诀英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿上述和两种方法均可，如：zerozeros/zeroes,专题一名词,(3)以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：加s，如：beliefbeliefsroofroofssafesafesgulfgulfs去f，fe加ves，如：knifeknivesleafleaveswolfwolveswifewiveslifelivesthiefthieves(4)表示某国人的名词变复数记忆口诀中日不变，英法变，其他后面加s。中国人：ChineseChinese日本人：JapaneseJapanese英国人：EnglishmanEnglishmen法国人：FrenchmanFrenchmen德国人：GermanGermans,专题一名词,3名词复数的不规则变化(1)childchildrenfootfeettoothteethmousemicemanmenwomanwomen注意：一个词加man或woman可以构成合成词，其复数形式也是men和women。如：Englishman的复数形式为Englishmen。但German不是合成词，故其复数形式为Germans。,专题一名词,(2)单复数同形的名词。如：deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese。除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：adollar,twodollars;apound,twopounds。(3)只有复数形式的名词。如：trousers(裤子)，glasses(眼镜)，clothes(衣服)。,专题一名词,(4)集体名词以单数形式出现，但实为复数。如：people,police。但family,class等集体名词作主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若强调整体中的各个成员，谓语动词则用复数形式。(5)以s结尾但仍为单数的名词。如：maths,politics,physics等学科名词，news(不可数名词)，theUnitedStates等。以复数形式出现的书名、剧名、报纸、杂志名等也视为单数。,专题一名词,【例题解析】,Howmany_arethereinyourschool?Twenty.womanteachersB.womanteacherC.womenteacherD.womenteachers,解析Dman和woman作定语修饰另一个复数名词时，man和woman都应用复数形式。,专题一名词,【典型例题训练】,写出下列名词的复数形式house_2.village_3.map_4.orange_5.bag_6.exercise_7.brush_8.city_9.bus_10.sheep_11.German_12.woman_13.leaf_14.tomato_15.tooth_16.foot_17.kilo_18.Japanese_,houses,villages,maps,oranges,bags,exercises,brushes,cities,buses,sheep,Germans,women,leaves,tomatoes,teeth,feet,kilos,Japanese,专题一名词,考点2不可数名词,1常见的不可数名词主要分为以下几类：(1)液体类：water,milk,juice,orange,coffee,tea,Coke,rain,wine等；(2)肉类：meat,fish,chicken,beef,pork,mutton等；(3)语言类：Chinese,Japanese,English,French,German等；(4)材料类：paper,glass,grass,bamboo,silk,cotton,wood,plastic,hair等；(5)其他类：snow,ice,wind,weather,music,money,homework,housework,information,rubbish等。,专题一名词,2不可数名词没有复数形式，其作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Thefoodisveryfresh.食物很新鲜。,专题一名词,3既可数又不可数的名词有些名词既能用作可数名词，又能用作不可数名词，但意义不同。如：chicken鸡(可数)；鸡肉(不可数)room房间(可数)；空间(不可数)glass玻璃杯(可数)；玻璃(不可数)time倍数、次数(可数)；时间(不可数)work作品(可数)；工作(不可数)experience经历(可数)；经验(不可数),4.不可数名词表示“量”的概念时，不能用冠词和数词修饰，而应用much,some,alotof,lotsof,alittle,little，plentyof等修饰或使用量词短语修饰。(可数名词可以用many,few,afew,some,plentyof,alotof,lotsof等修饰)如：apieceofpaper一张纸muchsnow许多雪温馨提示alotof,lotsof,some,plentyof这些词或短语既能修饰可数名词，又能修饰不可数名词。,专题一名词,【例题解析】,1.Mum,Iveheardthatwecanteat_thesedays.Isittrue?Takeiteasy.Itissafetoeatcookedmeat.A.chickenB.chickensC.achickenD.thechicken,解析A考查名词的用法。chicken作“鸡肉”讲时，为不可数名词，故不能用冠词修饰，所以选A。,专题一名词,2.Hehasdonemany_A.workB.jobC.worksD.jobs,解析Djob是可数名词；work作“工作”讲时，是不可数名词。many后应接可数名词复数。故选D。,专题一名词,3.Itakeviolin_fromMrWangatschooleveryday.A.lessonB.lessonsC.classD.course,解析B在英语中有些名词常以复数形式出现。lessons表示“课程”。,专题一名词,4.There_onthewall.Theyareverynice.aresomephotosB.aresomephotoesC.isaphotoD.isphoto,解析A由后句可知前句应用复数形式，photo的复数形式是photos。,专题一名词,5.Thepolice_searchingforatallmanwithlonghair.A.isB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.are,解析Dpolice是集体名词，作主语时，谓语要用复数形式。,专题一名词,【典型例题训练】,()1.Mymotherboughtsome_formybirthdaypartyyesterday.A.appleB.bananaC.orangeD.meat()2.Oh，thereisntenough_forusinthelift.Nohurry.Letswaitforthenext.A.groundB.floorC.placeD.room()3.Ivegotalittle_inmyhouse.Whynotkeeptwoormore?A.juiceB.miceC.breadD.fish,D,D,D,专题一名词,()4.Thesweetest_intheworldisbirdssinging,Ithink.A.cryB.noiseC.voiceD.sound()5.Theyhavemuch_.Letsgoandborrowsome.A.rulesB.paperC.erasersD.sharpeners()6.Whatsyourfavourite_？Oranges.A.colorB.fruitC.juiceD.vegetable,D,B,B,专题一名词,()7.Wouldyoulikesome_？No,thankyou.Imnothungryatall.A.teaB.waterC.breadD.coffee()8.IplantogooutforabicycletriptoShanghai.ButImafraidIdontknowthe_Amapishelpful,Ithink.A.timeBwayCweatherDprice,C,B,专题一名词,()9.Pleasepassus_A.twoglassofmilkB.twoglassofmilksC.twoglassesofmilksD.twoglassesofmilk()10.TheseGermanswanttohavesome_forsupper，sotheydecidetocatch_now.A.fish;manyB.fishes;muchC.fish;muchD.fishes;many,D,A,专题一名词,考点3名词所有格的构成,1.名词所有格用于表示名词之间的所有关系，有两种形式：s所有格和of所有格。,专题一名词,2.名词所有格的规则如下：(1)一般情况下在名词后加“s”，不以s结尾的复数名词也要加“s”。如：theboysbag那个男孩的书包ChildrensDay儿童节(2)以“s”结尾的复数名词只加“”。如：TeachersDay教师节(3)“of表示无生命物体的名词”构成所有格。如：thenameofthesong这首歌的名字(4)在表示店铺、诊所或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词。如：thedoctors医生的诊所,专题一名词,(5)如果两个名词并列，若名词后分别有s，则表示“分别所有”；若只在后一个名词后有s，则表示“共有”。如：JohnsandMarysrooms(约翰和玛丽各自的房间)JohnandMarysroom(约翰和玛丽共有的房间)(6)双重所有格的两种形式：of名词所有格；of名词性物主代词。如：Sheisafriendofmysisters.她是我姐姐的一个朋友。Isheasonofyours?他是你的儿子吗？,专题一名词,(7)somebody,everybody等不定代词与else连用时，“s”加在else后面。如：somebodyelsesbook别人的书(8)表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的事物的名词也可加“s”或“”来构成所有格。如：twodaysholiday两天的假期oneweekstime一周的时间,专题一名词,【例题解析】,1._fatherisadoctor.A.ThetwinsB.ThetwinsC.ThetwinD.Twins,解析Bthetwins为以s结尾的复数名词，其所有格形式只需在词尾加“”。,专题一名词,2.Whoseroomisthis？Its_LucyandLilyB.LucyandLilysC.LucysandLilys,解析B本题考查名词所有格。由room是可数名词单数可知，这个房间是露西和莉莉所共同拥有的，故选B。,专题一名词,【典型例题训练】,()1.Thisisaphotoof_whentheywereyoung.Oh,howhappytheybothlooked!myfatherandmotherB.mymotherandfathersC.mymothersandfathersD.myfathersandmymother()2.TodayisSeptember10th.Its_Day.Letsgoandbuysomeflowersforourteachers.A.TeachersB.TeachersC.theTeachersD.Teachers,A,B,专题一名词,()3.Themarketisntfarfromhere.Itsonly_bicycleride.halfanhoursB.halfanhoursC.halfanhourD.anhourandahalf()4.Whatwouldyouliketodrink,girls?_，please.A.TwocupofcoffeeB.TwocupofcoffeesC.TwocupsofcoffeeD.Twocupsofcoffees()5.Aftertheexam,wellhavea_holiday.twoweeksB.twoweeksC.twoweeksD.twoweeks,B,C,C,专题一名词,()6.Theyarethose_bags.Pleaseputthemonthebus.A.visitorB.visitorsC.visitorsD.visitors()7.Myschoolisabouttwenty_walkfromhere.A.minuteB.minutesC.minutessD.minutes()8.Istayedat_lastSunday.myunclesB.myuncleC.myunclesD.myunclesfamily,D,B,C,专题一名词,巩固练习,一、单项选择()1.WewenttoDr.Brownsyesterday.Hegaveus_A.someadviceB.advicesC.anadviceD.someadvices()2.What_theyvegot!Nowondertheyareveryhappy.A.agoodnewsB.quiteafewnewsC.goodnewsD.littlenews,A,C,专题一名词,()3.Much_tofightagainstpollution.havebeendoneB.hasbeendoneC.hadbeendoneD.hasdone()4.What_！Letsgoswimming.afineweatherB.finedayC.afinedayD.badweather()5.Youhavemade_.Youshouldbemorecareful.A.alotofmistakeB.agreatdealofmistakesC.alargenumberofmistakesD.fewmistakes,B,C,C,专题一名词,()6.Beforewemovedintothenewhouse,weboughtmany_furnituresB.furnitureC.piecesoffurnitureD.piecesoffurnitures()7.Thebookshelfoverthereis_A.MarysandJanesB.MarysandJaneC.MaryandJanesD.MaryandJane()8.Wesawtheguestoffat_yesterday.theShanghaisRailwayStationB.theShanghaiRailwayStationC.ShanghaiRailwayStationD.theRailwayStationofBeijingRailway,C,C,C,专题一名词,()9.Theyhadagoodtimeatthe_Palace.A.childrenB.ChildrensC.ChildrenD.Childrens()10.Lisawas_inmychildhood.A.mineclosefriendB.mineaclosefriendC.aclosefriendofmineD.aclosefriendofme()11.Theseare_fromotherpresses.Theyarehavingameetinginoneofthe_offices.editorinchiefs;editorsinchiefB.editorsinchief;editorsinchiefsC.editorsinchiefs;editorsinchiefsD.editorinchiefs;editorsinchief,B,C,B,专题一名词,()12.Therearefive_inourclass.A.ZhangsB.ZhangsC.ZhangsD.theZhangs()13.Howfarisyourschool?_TwentyfiveminuteswalkB.ThewalkoftwentyfiveminutesC.TwentyfiveminuteswalksD.Twentyfiveminuteswalk()14.Whatsthedistancefromheretothestation?Its_fromhere.A.twokilometredistanceB.twokilometresdistanceC.distanceoftwokilometersD.distanceoftwokilometres,D,B,C,专题一名词,()15.Weregoingtohavea_nextmonth.twodayholidayB.twodayholidayC.twodaysholidayD.twodaysholiday()16.Whosyourcousin?_UncleorauntssonB.UncleorauntsdaughterC.UnclesorauntschildD.Uncleorauntsbrotherorsister()17.Shealwayswearsbeautiful_A.clothesB.clothC.dressD.clothings,C,A,D,专题一名词,()18.Willyouhavealittle_？morefishesB.morefishC.muchfishesD.fishes()19.There_inmyclass.Whichofthemdoyouwanttosee?isJohnB.arethreeJohnsC.aretheJohnsD.istheJohn()20.Twentydollars_whatheneeds.A.wasB.wereC.isD.hasbeen,B,B,C,专题一名词,()21.TheUnitedNations_aresolution.A.haspastB.haspassedC.havepassedD.hasthrough()22.TheArabianNights_averyinterestingstorybook.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.hadbeen()23.TheNewYorkTimes_awidecirculation.A.isB.hasC.areD.have,B,A,B,专题一名词,()24.Mathematics_averyimportantsubject.A.areB.isC.wereD.was()25.Hismathematics_weak.A.isB.seemsC.wasD.are()26.A