《品名数量包装》PPT课件.ppt

Chapter3.NameofCommodity,Quality,QuantityandPackingTerms,引例我国内某单位向英国出口大豆一批，合同规定水分最高为14%，杂质不超过2.5%，在成交前我方曾向买方寄送过样品，订约后我方又电告买方成交货物与样品一致，当货物到达英国后，买方提出货物与样品不符，并出示相应的检验证书，证明货物的质量比样品低7%，并以此要求我方赔偿15000英镑的损失，仲裁时，因我方的样品已遗失导致仲裁机构难以仲裁，最后不得不赔偿。请问：在此情况下，我方是否可以以该项交易并非凭样品买卖为由而不予赔偿？,1.NameofCommodityShouldbespecificanddefiniteStipulatethecommoditypracticallyandrealisticallyUsetheinternationalcommonlyusednameofthecomodityUsepropername,2.QualityofCommodity2.1ImportanceofQuality商品品质必须符合合同约定违约后果：买方可要求换货、要求卖方进行修理、减价、解除合同并要求损害赔偿等。卖方销售的货物必须遵循有关国家行政当局的规定违约后果：被禁止进口；被进口国海关没收、强制销毁等。商品品质必须符合使用安全的要求违约后果：产品责任法。产品责任之诉不限于存在合同关系。,Bysellerssample（卖方样品）Bybuyerssample（买方样品）Bycountersample（对等样品）,(2)Salebysample,2.2MethodsforStipulatingtheQualityofCommodity2.2.1Byactualobject（以实物表示品质）(1)Salesbyinspection（看货买卖）,PayattentiontothefollowingquestionswhenusingsalebysampleSelectingthetypicalsample（取样应有代表性）Preservetheduplicatesample（成交样品应留有复样）Stipulatetheclauseof“qualitytobeconsideredasbeingaboutequaltothesample”（规定所交货物与样品大体一致）suchas“forreferenceOnly”TakecareoftheproductiontechniqueconditionsPreventtobeinvolvedinthelegaldispute（避免卷入法律纠纷）（itisthebuyerratherthanthesellerwhoshallberesponsibleforanydisputesarisingfromtheinfringementofthethirdpartysintellectualproperties.）,2.2.2SalesbySpecification（凭规格）例如：东北大豆含油量（oilcontent）最低（Min.）18%水分（moisture）最高（Max.）15%杂质（Admixture）最高（Max.）1%不完善颗粒（ImperfectGrains）最高（Max.）9%F.A.Q.fairaveragequalityG.M.Q.GoodmerchantablequalityDescribingqualitybyspecificationissampleaswellasaccurate.2.2.3SalesbyBrandorTradeMark（凭牌号或商标）CocaCola;SonyTelevisionSonyDVD2.2.4SalesbyGradeorStandard（凭等级或标准）Someproductscanbedividedintodifferentgradesbasedondifferentspecifications.,e.g.FreshHenEggs,shelllightgrownandclean,eveninsize:GradeA:5560gmpereggGradeB:5055gmpereggWhensaleismadebystandard,itisimportanttomarkthepublicationyearofthestandard.2.2.5SalesbyDescription（凭说明书）Suitableforgoodswhicharecomplicatedinstructuresuchasmachinery,instrument,equipmentandtransportationetc.2.2.6SalesAsPerOrigin（凭产地）,2.3StipulationofqualityclauseStipulatetheclauseofqualitytoleranceorflexiblerangeofqualityUsethecorrectmannertoexpressthequalityQualitytermsshouldbescientificandreasonable品质指标防止偏高或偏低；合理选定影响品质的主要指标（以花生为例）；注意各指标之间的内在联系等。Qualitytermsshouldbespecificandclear,3.ClauseofQuantityofCommodity3.1MeasureUnitWeightNumberLengthAreaVolumeCapacity3.2CalculationMethodsofWeightGrossWeight（毛重）NetWeight（净重）RealTare（实际皮重）AverageTare（平均皮重）CustomaryTare（习惯皮重）suitableforstandardizedpackageComputedTare（约定皮重）Accordingtointernationalrulesandpractices,weightiscalculatedbynetweightunlessotherwisestatedinthecontract.,ConditionedWeight:equalstodryweightplusstandardmoisturecontent（公量干量标准含水量）Suitableforwool,cotton,rawsilketc.TheoreticalWeight（理论重量）equalstothetotalnumbermultiplytheweightofeachunit,3.3stipulationofthequantityclauseDeterminethebargainquantitycorrectly（Combinethewordmarkettrend,supplyofgoodsandclientscreditetc）QuantityclauseshouldbespecificandclearUsemoreorlessclause3.4liabilitieswhendisobeythequantityclauseBritishlawsAmericanlawsUnitednationsconventiononcontractsfortheinternationalsaleofgoods(Vienna,1980)/CISGIfthesellerdeliversaquantityofgoodsgreaterthanthatprovidedforinthecontract,thebuyermaytakedeliveryorrefusetotakedeliveryoftheexcessquantity,4.PackingofCommodity,4.1ImportanceofPacking4.2ShippingPackage4.2.1TypeofShippingPackageCase（箱包装）:woodenCase,Carton,crate（板条箱）Bundle,Bale（捆包）Bag（袋包装）:GunnyBag,ClothBag,PlasticBag,PaperBagDrum,cask（桶包装）:woodenCask,ironDrum,plasticCaskGatheredshippingpackage（集合运输包装）:pallet（托盘）,flexiblecontainer（集装袋），container（集装箱）,4.2.2RequirementstothetransportpackingAdapttothecharacteristicsofthegoodsAdapttovariesmodeoftransportationConsiderlawsandrequirementsofdifferentcountriesMakeitconvenienttobeoperatedineverylinksSaveunnecessarypackingexpenses4.2.3运输包装标志（1）唛头(shippingmark)Functions:shippingmarkfacilitatestheidentificationandcountofthegoodsintheprocessofloadingandunloading,shippingandstoring.theycanalsopreventthegoodsfrombeingwronglydeliveredofshipped.,举例：（注：标准化运输标志）CHINANATIONALMINERALSIIMPORT&EXPORTCORPORATION.收货人名称KS789342.订单号NEWYORK.目的地1/25.件数代号,Formation：Englishabbreviationletterorshortenedformoftheconsigneeorthebuyer；Referencenumbersuchasthenumberoforder；Placeofdestination；Nos(=numbers)（联合国欧洲经济委员会简化国际贸易程序工作组推荐）,（2）指示性标志Indicativemarks据国家技术监督局发布的包装储运图示标志,(3)警告性标志（warningmarks)据国家技术监督局发布的危险货物包装标志,4.3NeutralPacking（中性包装）NeutralpackingwithdesignatedbrandNeutralpackingwithoutdesignatedbrand4.4TermsofPackingPackingmaterialandmannerofpackingPackingmarkPackingchargese.g.(1)Incartonsorcratesofabout12kgnet,eachfruitwrappedwithpaper.（纸箱或空格木箱装，每相净重约12公斤每颗包纸）(2)Incartons,eachcontaining4boxesabout9lbs.,eachfruitwaxedandwrappedwithpaper（纸箱装，每箱4盒，每盒约9磅，每颗涂蜡，包纸）,思考题,一、判断题1、如果同时采用既凭样品，又凭规格成交，则要求交货品质只要和其中的任何一种一致即可（）2、运输包装上的标志都应该在货运单据上表示出来。()3、买方在向国外客户寄送代表性样品时，应留有一份或数份同样的样品，以备日后交货或处理争议时核对之用，这样的样品称复样（）4、根据品质公差条款，卖方所交货物品质，只要在品质公差范围内，买方不得拒收，也不得要求降低价格（）5、在国际货物买卖合同中规定：“中国大豆水分14，含油量18”有利于明确大豆品质，因而是正确的。()6、采用中性包装是国际贸易中的习惯做法，目的是为了避开贸易壁垒（）,二、选择题1、在国际贸易中，对于某些品质变化大而难以规定统一标准的农副产品，其表示品质的方法常用（）A.良好品均品质B.看货买卖C.上好可销品质D.凭说明书买卖2、如果合同中未明确规定以何种方法计量的话，其计量方法应为（）A.毛重B.净重C.以毛作重D.公量3、使用“适合海运习惯包装”应按（）A.国际运输协会统一定义B.我国统一定义C.欧洲统一定义D.无统一定义4、根据国际商会跟单信用证统一惯例500号出版物的规定，对于“约量”，允许