中考英语完形填空二考点精讲中考试题示例人教新目标版.ppt

聚焦中考英语（普版）,第41讲阅读理解（一）,阅读理解。(2013，上海)DearLiz，MystayinThailandhascertainlybeentheexperienceofmylife.Lifeisbusyandexciting.Bangkokisjustlikeanyotherbigcitywithapopulationof10millionandheavytraffic.Imveryluckybecausemyhostfamilyisinanicequietareaoutsidethecity.ThereareMr.andMrs.Phairat,theirsonSanan,whois18,thedaughterChinda,whois16,andGrandpaandGrandma.IgotoaninternationalschoolwithSananandChinda.Theschoolteachesabout70percentinEnglish,and30percentinThai.Ivelearnedsomespokenlanguage,butThaiwritingisverydifficult.Thecookinglessonismyfavourite.ImlearningallaboutThaifoodandculture.Peopledontusechopstickshere,butspoonsandforks.WhenIcomeback,ImgoingtocookyouarealThaimeal.,Lastweekendwevisitedsometemples.WealsodrovetoPattayabeachnearBangkok.Ithoughtitwasgreat,butSananandChindasaythatnextmonththeyretakingmetoPhuketIsland,wherethebeachesareevenmorebeautiful.Themonthafternext,weregoingtotraveltoMr.PhairatshometowninthenorthofThailand.ThePhairatsownlandthere,andtheyhavetwoelephants.Imgoingtoridethoseelephantsandevenwashthem.SananandChindasayitsreallyfun.Imamazedbyeverythinginthiscountry,especiallybytheelephants.ElephantsareanimportantpartofThaicultureandwayoflife.Theyhavebeenatraditionalsymbol(象征)ofThailandformanyyearsintimesofwarandpeace.Intheseventhcentury,aThaikingtrained20，000elephantsforbattle.IlltellyouallaboutmyThaiboxing(拳击)lessonsnexttimeIwrite.Love，Mandy,1HowmanyfamilymembersarethereinMandyshostfamily？_C_A4.B5.C6.D7.2Mandywritesinheremailthatthe_D_lessonisherfavourite.AThaispeakingBboxingCThaiwritingDcooking3Nextmonth,Mandyisgoingtovisit_B_APattayabeachBPhuketIslandCMr.PhairatshometownDBangkok4Accordingtotheemail,_D_hasbeenasymbolofThailandformanyyears.,5FromtheemailweknowthatMandyis_C_whenshestaysinThailand.AboredBquietCexcitedDproud6Whatisthepossiblesubjectoftheemail？_A_AStudytripinThailandBFoodcultureinThailandCElephantridinginThailandDInternationalschoolsinThailand,中考英语“阅读理解”题主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力。很多同学在做题时常常有一种“读得懂做不对”的感觉。那么有必要对阅读理解这种题型及其解题技巧作一些简要的分析。从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看，短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，充分体现其时代性、实用性。短文难度逐年加大。常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和正误判断题。做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息。先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。,(一)主旨概括题主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。(二)细节理解题细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。,【例1】(2013，温州)Ithasbeenmorethantwothousandyearssincewebegantouseanumbrellaonrainydays.However，peopleoftenfeltitnotconvenienttoholdanumbrellawhileworking.ThentherubberraincoatwasinventedbyanEnglishmannamedMacintoshin1823.In1492，Columbus，awellknownItalianvoyager，discoveredtheNewWorldtheAmericas.HebroughtalotofthingstoEuropefromSouthAmerica.Rubberwasoneofthem，butpeopledidntknowtheuseofrubberatthattime.In1770，peoplefoundthattherubbercouldbeusedaserasers.MacintoshwasaworkerinaneraserfactoryinScotland.Onedayhespilled(洒出)therubberliquidoverhisclothescarelesslywhenmakingerasers.Hewastoobusytocleanitandwentback,homewearingthedirtyclothes.Onthewayhome，itrainedheavily.Havingnoumbrella，Macintoshhadtorunhomequickly.Whenhegothome，hetookoffthewetclothes.Tohissurprise，theareaoftheclotheswithrubberwasntwet.“Whynotmakearubberraincoat？”Macintoshthought.Thenextdayhebrushedtherubberliquidalloveracoat.Heworethe“rubbercoat”onrainydaysandtookawalkinthefieldtotestifitcouldreallykeepofftherain.Surprisingly，theclothesinsidethe“rubbercoat”werentwetatall.Therubberraincoatwascreatedinthiswaybychance.Therubberraincoatssoonappearedonthemarket.However，theyweresticky(黏的)insummerandhardenedinwinter.Yearafteryear，peoplekeptonimprovingtheraincoats.Todayraincoatsarewidelyusedinourdailylife.,1Therubberraincoatwasinventedby_.AaChineseBanItalianCanEnglishmanDanAmerican解析：细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句.wasinventedbyanEnglishman.可知，雨衣是由英国人发明的。答案：_C_2WhatdidColumbusbringtoEuropein1492?ARubber.BUmbrellas.CErasers.DRaincoats.解析：细节理解题。由第二段的第二、三句“Hebroughtalotofthings.Rubberwasoneofthem.”可知，Columbus把橡胶带到了欧洲。答案：_A_3WhydidMacintoshwearthe“rubbercoat”onrainydays?AToshowhisnice“rubbercoat”BTosellittoafarmer.CTotestifitcouldkeepofftherain.DTogotoworkinthefield.,解析：细节理解题。由第三段倒数第三句“.tookawalkinthefieldtotestifitcouldreallykeepofftherain.”可知，他在雨天穿橡胶外套是为了测试它是否真的能够挡雨。答案：_C_4WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?AMacintoshworkedinamarketintheScotland.BTherubberraincoatwascreatedbychance.CThefirstrubberraincoatwasstickyinthewinter.DTheumbrellawasinventedaftertherubberraincoat.解析：细节理解题。由第三段最后一句.wascreatedinthiswaybychance.可知，雨衣是被偶然发明的。答案：_B_,(2013，重庆)Sometimestheeasiestwaytogetsomewhereisonthebackofabike.MoreandmorepeopleareusingcarsinmanyplacesinAfricatoday.However,thingsaredifferentinMalawi(马拉维).BikesarethemostpopularinthisAfricancountry.BikeridingisawayoflifeinMalawi.Peopleusethemtocarryheavythings.Theyalsousebikestocarrypeople,especiallytourists.Theseyears,takinga“bicycletaxi”totravelaroundMalawihasbecomequitepopularamongtouristsfromallovertheworld.IfyougotoMalawi,youwillfindalotofbiketaxiswaitingonthesidesoftheroads.Theridersmakethebikescomfortableforpassengerstositon.Youcanjumponabiketaxiandgetaroundataverylowcost.,Aliceisa21yearoldstudentfromCanada.Sheenjoysthespecialbikeridingalot.“Ireallylikethebiketaxi，”shesays.“Itseasyandcheap.”Aliceusuallypaysjust$1forgoingshoppingintown.28yearoldPanjiraKhombebegantorideabiketaxitwoyearsago.Theyoungmanenjoysthisjob.“Iusedtomakeboatsforaliving,butthatsahardjob.BeingabiketaxirideriseasyformeandIdontmindcarryingheavypeople，”hesays.1InMalawi_B_arethemostpopularwayforpeopletogetsomewhere.AcarsBbikesCtrainsDbuses2ThepassagetellsusthatAliceenjoysthebiketaxibecauseits_D_Aonthes