高二语法虚拟语气课件1.ppt

Unit1,Art,Discoveringusefulstructures,1.语气(mood)语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。2.语气的种类分为陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。,语气的定义和种类,陈述语气：叙述事实或可能发生的事情时，人们所使用的语气就是陈述语气。Imaboyofsixteenthisyear.IwanttotravelinthespacelikeYangLiwei.,祈使语气：人们用来表示命令、要求、请求、邀请、劝告或建议时所使用的语气就是祈使语气。Hurryup!Couldyoupleaseclosethewindow?,Readthefollowingsentences.Payattentiontotheunderlinedparts.,Ifyoucouldhavethreeofthesepaintingsonthewallsofyourclassroom,whichwouldyouchoose?,Haveyoueverwishedyoucouldpaintaswellasaprofessionalartist?,Ifyouwereanartist,whatkindofpictureswouldyoupaint?Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,noonewouldhavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique,wewouldnotbeabletosee,虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；或是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。,虚拟语气概念,Hewouldcometothepartyifhedidnothavetowork.Ifhehastime,healwayswalksintothecafandasksforacupofcoffee.IfIhadenoughmoneyIwouldbuyanewcar.Illgowithyoutothegalleryifitdoesntraintomorrow.,Discusswhichisafactandwhichisawish.,w,f,w,f,虚拟语气在条件从句中,1、表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.我是你的话，我会马上走。Ifmybrotherwerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.要是我哥在这儿，一切都没问题了。,Translation1.如果他有时间，他就会（可能）和你去。Ifhehadtime,hewould/could/mightgowithyou.2.要是我是你，我就会（可能）对他说实话。IfIwereyou,Ishould/would/could/mighttellhimthetruth.,2、表示对将来事实做出的假设和猜想Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.假如天下雨，庄稼就有可能得救。Ifitweretosnowthisevening,theywouldnotgoout.如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。,Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.,Translation如果这次实验失败，他会再试一次。假如我要求，你会帮助我吗？,IfIweretoask,wouldyouhelpme?,wish+宾语从句：表示不能实现的愿望，表示“但愿.；就好了；可惜；多好”。1.表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句的谓语动词用过去式。Iwish(that)Iwereyoungagain.IwishIhadasmallroomofmyown.,虚拟语气在wish后的宾语从句中,2.表示将来表达的愿望(实现)，从句的谓语动词用would(could)+动原/wereto+动词原形IwishIcouldflytothemoononeday.Shewishesyouwouldntsmokeanymore.Iwishhecouldcometomorrow.,3.对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时,Hewishedhehadntdoneit.他想要是他没这样做该多好。Iwishyouhadtoldmeaboutitearlier.你早点告诉有关这件事就了。,Translation,1.我希望她能站在我一边。Iwishshewouldbeonmyside.,2.我要是没有接受他的邀请就好了。IwishIhadntacceptedhisinvitation.,insist/suggest各有两种意思，要用不同的语气insist表示“要求,建议”时，用虚拟形式，即should+do;insist表示“坚称，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事实。Heinsistedthatallofusshouldbethereontimebyanymeans.Heinsistedthathewasright.,在insist/suggest后的宾语从句中,suggest表示“建议”时，用虚拟语气。suggest表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。Theteachersuggestedthatwe(should)cleantheblackboardafterclass.老师建议我们课后把擦黑板。2)Heoftencametothetheater,buthisattitudesuggestedhewasnotreallyinterestedintheplay.,wouldrather表示“宁愿、宁可”的意思，后面如用宾语从句，动词采用过去时（与现在或将来事实相反）或过去完成时（与过去事实相反）。Iwouldratherhecametomorrowthantoday.IdratherIhadntmetyou,在wouldrather后的宾语从句中,虚拟语气在asif从句中,在asif从句中，常用虚拟形式，即表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；与过去事实相反用过去完成式(haddone).一、asif连接表语从句Shelookedasifsheweremadeofice.Helookedasifhehadntsleptfortwodays.二、asif连接让步状语从句Shelookedaftertheboyasifhewereherownson.,虚拟语气中的几个特例,1.ifonly意为“若是.那该多好啊;真希望.;只要,只要.就好”，表示现在的情况,应用过去式;如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态IfonlyIhadarrivedintime!Ifonlyshedidntdrivesofast.2.Its(high/right)timethatthat从句要用虚拟语气，谓语用过去时或should+doItstimethatyouleft/shouldleavehere.,注意：虚拟从句中常用were代替was;在含有were的虚拟语气条件句中，if可以被省略，但这时从句要采用倒装语序。IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.WereItomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.,3.不是所有的条件句都用虚拟语气，有可能发生的假设不用虚拟语气，而用相应的时态表达与过去、现在或将来有关的假设。,Itisraining.Ifyougoout,youllgetwet.,Ifhe_metomorrow,Iwouldlethimknow.A.shouldcallB.shouldnothavebeenableC.werenotableD.arenotable2.ShestalkingaboutAustraliaasifshe_there,whileactuallyshehasneverleftherhometown.A.hadbeenB.hasbeenC.hadgoneD.hasgone,Choosethebestanswers.,A,A,3.Juliafeelslonelyinthiscityandwishesshe_withherparents.A.werelivingB.islivingC.willliveD.haslived,A,5.Hesuggestedthatthemeeting_putoff.A.notbeB.shouldnotC.wouldntD.benot6.IwishI_myuncleyesterday.A.metB.havemetC.wouldmeetD.hadmet,D,D,7.IfonlyI_tomyparentsadvice!A.listeningB.listenC.amlisteni