whosewhich在定语从句作定语.doc

whose/which在定语从句作定语习惯上人们认为which在定语从句中只作主语、宾语、表语等,但which也是可以在从句中作定语,修饰一个名词的,这不同于whose引导的定语从句。【考题欣赏】 He didnt put the things _ they belonged, for _reason he got his punishment. A. which; that B. what; this C. that; whose D. where; which 【分析】第一空语境分析，东西应放在什么地方。where引导状语从句时意为“在的地方”；结构分析，belong 为不及物动词，常用固定搭配belong to。They belonged句从结构上说选出的词只能用来做状语；如果句子为they belonged to则要补足宾语。第二空reason前的限定词为that/this，指的是前面的整个句子，而this/that对应定语从句的关系词是which，故应用which来连接相当于and for this/that reason。句意是：他没有把那些东西放回到他们本该在(原来)的地方，为此他受到了惩罚。 一般来说，whose引导定语从句作定语修饰后面的名词，说明这个名词跟中心词(先行词)的从属关系。关系代词whose在从句中作定语，可与of which/whom转换。即：先行词+whose+名词=先行词+of which + the +名词=先行词+the+名词+of which. 例如：The book whose cover is green is mine. =The book of which the cover is green is mine. =The book the cover of which is green is mine.绿色封面的那本书是我的。但是which则没有从属关系，which相当于指示代词this/that, these/those他作定语修饰后面的名词，这个名词却指的是前面的整个句子，这个句子可能是一条建议suggestion/advice，一个事实fact，一个案例case，一条知识knowledge，一个注意idea，一个信号signal，一条暗示hint，一种环境circumstance，一种常规、惯例practice，一条理由reason等等，也就是说which作定语修饰这个词，而前面的那个句子跟这个词逻辑上是同位语从句的关系，即可以改成同位语从句。也可以指的是在某个时间time内完成某件事。 He is old and weak, which fact is important.他年老体弱，这个事实很重要。 【比较】He is old and weak, and this fact is important.(并列句)【比较】The fact that he is old and weak is important.(同位语从句) I may have to work late, in which case I will take my meal to my work place.我可能要工作到很晚，这样一来，我就把饭带到工作的地方来了。 【比较】I may have to work late, and in that case I will take my meal to my work place.(并列句) 【比较】In the case that I may have to work late, I will take my meal to my work place.(同位语从句) They stayed with me for two weeks, during which time they drank all the beer I had.他们跟我一起呆了两周，这期间，他们把我所有的啤酒都喝光了。 【比较】They stayed with me for two weeks, and during that time they drank all the beer I had.(并列句) 【比较】During that time that they stayed with me for two weeks, they drank all the beer I had.(定语从句) 【说明】使用during which time引导定语从句，此时是指在这段time内they stayed with me for two weeks的整个句子，而不仅仅是指那个纯粹的时间two weeks。 He told me to see a doctor, which advice I took.他叫我去看医生，我采纳了这个建议。 The president was killed, which circumstance was very serious.总统遇刺，这种情形非常严重。 He died three years ago, which fact I cant believe.他三年前就去世了，我很难相信这是真的。 He believes in self-reliance, which idea I fully agree to.他相信自力更生，我充分赞同这个想法。 Jim was seriously ill, which circumstance she did not know.杰姆得了重病，这种情形她还一无所知。 They bribed the officials, which practice was common here.他们贿赂那些官员，这种惯例在这里司空见惯。I often get up at 6, atwhich time it is still very dark in winter.=and atthat timeHe visited America and Canada, in which countries he had a good me.=and in these countriesDont call me between 12 oclock and 1oclock, during which time I am usually having lunch.=and duringthattimeChaplin went to the States in 1910, by whichtime he had learnt to dance and act in com