2019年上海市奉贤区高考英语一模试卷.doc

2019年上海市奉贤区高考英语一模试卷II. Grammar and Vocabulary1（15分）To Be Joyful， To Be Young What really works to make sustainable changes in diet and lifestyle？ Its probably not what you think In the past 30 years of conducting clinical research， I （1） （learn） that real keys are pleasure， joy and freedom Joy of living is sustainable； fear of dying is not Why？ Because life is to be enjoyed Theres no point （2） （abandon） something you enjoy unless you get something back thats even better， and quickly When people eat more healthfully，（3） （quit） smoking， and manage stress better， they find they feel so much better， so quickly It reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living When you exercise and eat right， your brain receives more blood flow and oxygen， so you become smarter， have more energy， and need less sleep Two studies showed just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many neurons（神经细胞） （4） （grow） that it actually increased the size of peoples brains! Your face receives more blood flow， so your skin glows more and wrinkles less You look younger and more attractive In contrast， an unhealthy diet， lasting emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face （5） you age more quickly Smoking speeds up aging because nicotine contributes to your blood vessel becoming narrower， （6） decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle prematurely This is why smokers look years older than they really are One of the most interesting findings was that the mothers awareness of stress was more important than （7） was objectively occurring in their lives （8） （give） a questionnaire， the women were asked to rate on a threepoint scale how stressed they felt each day The women who realized they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres（染色体端粒） compared with （9） who felt more relaxed Contrarily， some of the women who felt relaxed （10） raising a disabled child had more normalappearing telomeres In other words， if you feel stressed， you are stressed2（15分）A uprisingB originalC frequentlyD spectacularE featuresF luxuriouslyG capturedH approachesI inhabitedJ mattersK ranksWelcome to Windsor Castle Windsor Castle is the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world and the Official Residence of the Queen of Britain Over a period of nearly 1，000 years it has been（1） continuously， and altered and redecorated by monarchs（君主） one after the other Some were great builders， strengthening the Castle against （2） and rebellion； others， living in more peaceful times， created a grand Royal residence William the Conqueror chose the site， high above the river Thames and on the edge of a Saxon hunting ground It was a days march from the Tower of London and intended to guard the western （3） to the capital The outer walls of todays structure are in the same position as those of the （4） castle built by William the Conqueror in the 1070sThe Queen uses the Castle both as a private home， where she usually spends the weekend， and as a Royal residence at which she undertakes certain formal duties Windsor Castle is （5） used by the Queen to host State Visits from overseas monarchs and presidents Every year the Queen takes up official residence in Windsor Castle for a month over Easter （MarchApril） The Castle is huge， so people tend to head for the most（6） bitsthe State Apartments， St Georges Chapel， the Gallery and the delightful Queen Marys Dolls House Works of art， antique furniture， curiosities and impressive architecture reflect the tastes of many different royal generations The State Apartments are（7） decorated formal rooms still used for state and official functions The magnificent and beautiful St Georges Chapel was started in 1475 by Edward IV and was completed 50 years later by Henry VIII It （8） among the finest examples of late medieval architecture in the UK The Drawings Gallery（9） the exhibition The Queen： 60 Photographs for 60 Years The exhibition presents portraits of the Queen（10） in brief moments on both official occasions and at relaxed family gatheringsIII. Reading Comprehension3（30分）Nature and Nurture People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviour are formed However， it is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not， or why one is cooperative and another is （1） Social scientists are of course （2） interested in these types of questions They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviour There are no clear answers yet， but two （3） schools of thought on the matter have developed As one might expect， the two approaches are very different from each other， and there is a great deal of debate between （4） of each theory The controversy（争论） is often conveniently referred to as nature and nurture Those who（5） the nature side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behaviour patterns are （6） determined by biological factors That our environment has little， if anything， to do with our abilities， characteristics and behaviour is （7） to this theory Taken to an extreme， this theory states that our behaviour is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our （8） Supporters of the nurture theory， or， as they are often called，（9） ， claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act A behaviorist， B F Skinner， sees humans as beings whose behaviour is almost completely（10） by their surroundings The behaviorists view of the human being is quite mechanistic They state that， like machines， humans respond to （11） stimuli（刺激） as the basis of their behaviour Socially and politically， the consequences of these two theories are （12） In the US， for example， blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests This leads some nature supporters to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites are Behaviorists，（13） ， say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy， and that， as a result， they do not develop the same （14） that whites do Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behaviour As a matter of fact， it is quite （15） that the key to our behaviour lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain（1）A sensitiveB productiveC competitiveD aggressive（2）A moderatelyB extremelyC reluctantlyD scarcely（3）A distinctB reliableC relevantD equal（4）A objectorsB operatorsC opponentsD advocates（5）A claimB supportC resolveD inherit（6）A completelyB largelyC thoroughlyD merely（7）A sensitiveB openC centralD subject（8）A abilitiesB capacitiesC personalitiesD instincts（9）A expertsB scientistsC environmentalistsD behaviorists（10）A shapedB dominatedC oppressedD restricted（11）A environmentalB biologicalC geneticD psychological（12）A temporaryB slightC fatalD farreaching（13）A on the contraryB as a wholeC after allD for instance（14）A habitsB responsesC characteristicsD advantages（15）A necessaryB impossibleC unreasonableD likely4（8分）Im a student in my fourth year of a biomedical science degree at Robert Gordon University in Aberdeen， but I also work 38 hours a week at Sainsburys to make ends meet I do three night shifts a week， plus overtime if I can get it Monday is the most occupied day for me I work from 10 pm until 8 am on Saturday and Sunday nights， earning just over 100 a night， and then I have to be at my first lecture at 9 am on Monday By the time I finish lectures， at 2 pm， Im exhausted， but I know I have to be back at work by 10 pm I constantly have to force myself to stay awake， and to be alert， whatever it takes A packet of Skittles and a Red Bull usually helps The work I do at Sainsburys is very physical like stacking shelves Im lucky because Im an active person and the amount I lift at work is nothing compared with the weights I lift in the gym I know I have the strength to bear it Im originally from Nigeria I came here when I was seven， growing up in Croydon， south London Money was tight My parents gave me everything I needed， but there was no money to spend on luxuries I worked hard at school though and， with the help of GT Scholars， I got some of the best Alevel grades in my class Unfortunately， though I had applied for settled British residential status when very young， the Home Office waited until I was in sixth form to approve my application That meant I wasnt eligible for a student loan The only way I could afford to go to university was that if I got a job that would pay for all my living costs and my parents， who work in market research， paid for my tuition fees In Scotland， thats about 7，000 a year I dont have much time to socialize because of my job Ideally， I would also like to have more time to study so I can excel at my course Yes， I have a lot on my plate， but working hard isnt new to me Growing up， my parents and my mentors in the church and at GT Scholars cultivated in me the importance of working hard for what I want in life My dream is to do an MA in physiotherapy next year and then get a job working for the NHS But right now， Im just focused on trying to get the best grades I can Whenever I find life hard， I tell myself this is about my future I dont need much， but I would like to worry less about money and have more free time That is what I look forward to the most（1）Why does the author work long hours and sometimes overtime every week？ A To help his parents pay off the debtsB To pay for his tuition feesC To prove his ability to earn moneyD To pay for his own living expenses（2）The underlined word eligible in the passage can be replaced by AresponsibleB qualifiedC feasibleD anxious（3）According to the passage， which of the following words can NOT be used to describe the author？ A SociableB DiligentC AmbitiousD Persistent（4）Which of the following proverbs can best summarize the passage？ A A penny saved is a penny earnedB Actions speak louder than wordsC God helps those who help themselvesD Where there is life， there is hope5（6分）Should You Become a Full Stack Web Developer？ Should you become a full stack web developer？ What courses should you take to prepare you for the job？ Our courses bring you a stepbystep path that will help you become a qualified candidate and teach you everything you need to know to succeed Read on to discover if its the right path for you： What is a Full Stack Web Developer？ A full stack web developer is well skilled in both front and backend web developing With knowledge of what it means to build applications from start to finish， a full stack developer can plan， manage， and build software with general knowhow A core difference between front and backend developers is that frontend developers handle building the user interface aspect of a website， while backend developers deal with internal tasks such as web servers， applications， and databases Combined， they are responsible for building the technology and coding that makes a website function properly Both skillsets are crucial for being a wellrounded web developer and will give you a leg up when applying for jobs If you like to learn new concepts and technologies frequently this is an excellent career path for you Demand for Full Stack Web Developers is Growing Because of the broad range of skills required to be a full stack web developer， there are fewer candidates applying for positions， leaving more opportunity for qualified candidates The job outlook for web developers is estimated to grow 13% by 2026， which is faster than the average rate for all occupations With an impressive resume， full stack web developers can make 87，661 on average Get Started Today With the help of the course， you will learn everything you need to know to succeed as a full stack web developer You can start from any level with little to no previous experience required and track your progress as you go Heres What Youll Learn in the Courses Build web applications and develop on both the frontend and backend stacks Learn Ruby on Rails， HTML， CSS， and JavaScript Develop web applications in Javascript using frontend framework， Angular， and hybrid mobile applications with Apache Cordova Design RESTful Ruby on Rails web applications with MongoDB database integration（1）In which column of a newspaper can we most probably find this passage？ A ArtsB SciencetechnologyC CoursesD Business（2）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ A Front and backend developers both are responsible for such tasks as applications and databasesB Fewer candidates apply for the position of being web developers due to high demand for skillsC The job prospect for web developers isnt promising in the long runD You cant start to learn the course of being a full stack web developer unless you have some experience beforehand（3）What is the main purpose of this passage？ A To advertise for full stack web developersB To inform people of what is required to be a full stack web developerC To persuade people to take the courses which help to become a full stack web developerD To help people to explore the full stack web developer career guide6（8分）The haunting paintings of Helene Schjerfbeck， on show in the final leg of a travelling tour that has already attracted thousands of visitors in Hamburg and the Hague， may come as a surprise to many Few outside the Nordic（北欧的） world would recognize the works of this Finnish artist who died in 1946 More people should The 120 works have at their core 20 selfportraits， half the number she painted in all The first， dated 1880， is of a wideeyed teenager eager to absorb everything The last is a sighting of the artists ghosttobe Prematurely gifted， Schjerfbeck was 11 when she entered the Finnish Art Societys drawing school The Wounded Warrior in the Snow， a history painting， was bought by a private collector and won her a state travel grant when she was 17 Schjerfbeck studied in Paris， went on to PontAven， Brittany， where she painted for a year， then to Tuscany， Cornwall and St Petersburg During her 1887 visit to St Ives， Cornwall， Schjerfbeck painted The Convalescent A child wrapped in a blanket sits supported up in a large wicker（柳条编制的） chair， toying with a sprig（小枝条） The picture won a bronze medal at the 1889 Paris World Fair and was bought by the Finnish Art Society To a modern eye it seems almost sentimental（感伤的） and is made up for only by the somewhat astonished， sad expression on the childs face， which may have been inspired by Schjerfbecks early experiences At four， she fell down a flight of steps and never fully recovered In 1890， Schjerfbeck settled in Finland Teaching exhausted her， she did not like the works of other local painters， and she was further isolated when she took on the care of her mother If I allow myself the freedom to live an isolated life， she wrote， then it is because it has to be that way In 1902， Schjerfbeck and her mother settled in the small， industrial town of Hyvinkaa， 50 kilometres north of Helsinki Isolation had one desired effect for it was there that Schjerfbeck became a modern painter She produced still lives and landscapes but above all moody yet sharp portraits of her mother， local school girls， women workers in town I have always searched for the dense depths of the soul， which have not yet been discovered by humans themselves， she wrote， where everything is still unconscious there one can make the greatest discoveries She experimented with different kinds of underpainting， scraped and rubbed， made bright rosy red spots； doing whatever had to be done to capture the subconscious her own and that of her models In 1913， Schjerfbeck was rediscovered by an art dealer and journalist， Gosta Stenman Once again she was a success（1）Schjerfbecks paintings may come as a surprise to many because A her paintings are rarely known outside the Nordic worldB her paintings have never been on show out of the Nordic worldC her paintings have the power to haunt people whoever have seen themD her paintings focus on supernatural elements such as ghosts（2）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ A The Convalescent is in fact a portrait of Schjerbeck in her childhoodB The Convalescent is a reflection of Schejerbecks sentimental childhoodC The Convalescent is made as a result of an accident in Schejerbecks childhoodD The Convalescent is featured by the childs astonished， sorrowful expression（3）Schejerbeck chose to live an isolated life mainly because of A she was exhausted by her teaching jobB her personality prefers this kind of styleC she could not appreciate the work of the other local paintersD her mothers health condition required her to adopt such a life style（4）We can infer from the passage that the most outstanding characteristics of Schjerfbecks paintings is A her vivid characterization of common peopleB