2018高考英语语法填空形容词或副词提示的解题技巧和跟踪训练题(含解析).doc

2018高考英语语法填空：形容词或副词提示的解题技巧和跟踪训练题（含解析）高考英语语法填空*有提示词的解题技巧【括号内提供的是形容词或副词】如果括号内提供的是形容词，一般是考查副词，即要变成副词形式；如果括号内提供的是副词，一般是考查形容词，即要变成形容词形式。如：_(actual)I believed I would work for a few years，get married，stay home and raise a family，so I didnt think the job I took mattered that much.答案More actually该空需要填入副词actually在句子中作状语。有的考生填入more actually，虽然词性是对的，但是这里没有上下文比较的关系，逻辑语义不同，考生不能将语言的语法规则和语用功能有效地结合。再如：“Thirtyfive cents，” she said _(rude)答案rudely此处考查副词作状语的用法。括号内提供的是形容词，要用来修饰动词said，所以要使用副词形式。但有时也要根据语境判断是否要变成名词或否定含义。如：At last，her courage and _(wise)impressed both the CEO and Princeton University.答案wisdom括号内提供的是形容词，但此空与前面的名词courage是并列成分，一起充当主语，所以要使用名词形式wisdom。另外，通常有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级。如：One of the _(bad)gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher.因为这里是one of the名词复数的形式，表示其中之一，因此范围是三者或三者以上，因此形容词需要用最高级的形式worst。跟踪选编题A(2016湖南东部六校高三联考)One of the major holiday shopping days is the day after Thanksgiving.It is _1_(frequent)referred to as Black Friday.The use of the word “black” relates _2_ the business accountants.Storekeepers used to record profits in black ink and losses in red ink.So _3_(be) “in the black” on the Friday after Thanksgiving means a good thing，a return to profits.Black Friday is the big day for many retailers，and it presents the shopper an opportunity _4_(get) all of ones holiday shopping done at once among amazing sale prices.On that day，most retailers will open very early _5_ usually provide massive and attractive discounts on their products，while a great number of holiday shoppers will get _6_ early start in the morning to begin Christmas shopping.Black Friday also means that people face crowded stores，_7_ is the other idea of a “Black Friday”，a day they do not like.It used to be the _8_(busy) shopping day of a year.Many people avoid this shopping day altogether because of the stress _9_(involve) in fighting the crowds.In recent years the Saturday before Christmas _10_(see) the biggest shopping crowds.【语篇导读】本文介绍了黑色星期五的由来。1frequently考查副词。句意：它频繁地被称作“黑色星期五”。空处修饰动词短语is referred to，应用副词。2to考查固定搭配。relate to.“和有关”，是固定短语。3being考查动名词作主语。分析句子结构可知，本处应用动名词短语being“in the black”on the Friday after Thanksgiving作主语。4to get考查非谓语动词。它给顾客一个以惊人的价格获得商品的机会。本处应用动词不定式作the opportunity的定语。5and考查并列连词。多数的商家都会早早地开门迎客，同时为顾客提供很多吸引人的折扣。本处and连接两个并列的谓语。6an考查冠词。an early start“一个早的开始”，此处表示泛指，故应用不定冠词；又因early的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。7which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本处应为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前面的“people face crowded stores”这句话，应用关系代词which。8busiest考查形容词最高级。它过去常常是一年中最繁忙的购物日。根据前面的the可知，本处应用最高级busiest。9involved考查非谓语动词。很多人避免在这一天购物，因为会卷入抵抗人群的压力中。involve与stress为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。10has seen考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In recent years可知，本处应用现在完成时，主语the Saturday before Christmas为单数，故用has seen。B语法填空(2016河北省“五个一名校联盟”质检)At my workplace there arent enough _1_(opportunity) to be different. We give care to others but sometimes we forget to care for _2_(we) and each other.So, I print _3_(inspire) messages, happy pictures, etc, and post them on a blank space _4_ Ive found in one of our rooms. I believe they add to our “emotional education”One person asked me, “Why do you try to help these people? They are not very nice？” My answer _5_(be), “If it affects one person then its a good thing.” It doesnt matter whether it has an impact _6_ anyone else. What matters is that Im the _7_(good) person I can be.I know those _8_(print) stories and articles are read because they keep getting moved about. So, _9_(eventual), like sandpaper against a rough surface, _10_ surface will become smooth and the messages will get through. How long it takes really doesnt matter.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._【参考答案】语法填空语篇解读：本文为夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们关爱别人的同时，也不要忘记关爱自己。1opportunities根据空前的“there arent”可知，there be句型中的主语应用复数形式。2ourselves但有时我们忘记了关心自己和互相关心。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，且主语和宾语表达相同的意思，故此处使用反身代词。3inspiring根据语境可知，所填词为定语，修饰messages，故用形容词inspiring“令人鼓舞的”。4that/which分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词a blank space，且在从句中作宾语，故用that/which。5was根据上文中的“One person asked me”可知，此处也应用一般过去时态。6on此处是固定搭配have an impact on .“对有影响”。7best根据空前的“the”可知，此处应用最高级，故填best。8printed分析句子结构可知，空处在此作前置定语修饰stories and articles，且print与stories and articles之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故此处使用过去分词作定语。9eventually根据语境可知，此处应使用副词eventually作状语修饰整个句子。10the此处surface为特指，空处填the。C(2016广西桂林、崇左市高三4月联考)Our modern life is changing our eating habits.We are spending too much time in front of TV or computers and _1_(become) “couch potatoes” or “mouse potatoes”We also eat too much junk food and we dont get enough exercise.The foods we find in the supermarket are sometimes no _2_(benefit) to us，and it is difficult to know exactly _3_ we are eating when we buy readymade or preprepared dishes.Considering this situation，it is becoming _4_(much) important than ever _5_(make) sure that we keep a healthy diet.A healthy diet gives us the calories we need and dont contain too much fat.The number of calories we need _6_(change) depending on what kind of body we have (are we short，tall，heavy etc.)and how active we are.Quality food，or healthy food，gives us calories in the best way.Junk food，_7_ the other hand，gives us few calories and lots of fat and sugar.If we eat too much fat and sugar，we will put on _8_(weigh) easily，in order to live _9_ happy and long life，we should keep a _10_(balance) diet.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。不良的饮食习惯给人们带来了很多危害，因此作者呼吁大家要养成健康的饮食习惯。1becoming考查动词的用法。与前面的“are spending”构成并列谓语，故用ing形式。2beneficial考查固定搭配的用法。谓语动词为系动词be，故用形容词作表语。“be no beneficial to”意思是“对无益”。3what考查关系词的用法。句意：当我们购买了现成的或提前准备好的食物时，我们很难清楚地知道我们吃的到底是什么。know后面的宾语从句中缺少宾语，故填what。4more考查比较级的用法。根据后面的than这个词，可知要用形容词的比较级。5to make考查不定式的用法。由语境可知此处意为“为确保”，应当用不定式作目的状语。6changes考查动词时态的用法。the number of 意思是“的数目”。“The number of复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。7on考查固定搭配的用法。on the other hand 为固定搭配，意思是“另一方面”。8weight考查名词的用法。put on后面缺少宾语，应当变成名词。“put on weight”是“增肥”的意思。9a考查冠词的用法。live a happy life“过着幸福的生活”，这是固定词组。10balanced考查形容词的用法。修饰名词diet要用形容词，balanced意思是“均衡的”。D语法填空(2016合肥市质检)Eileen Taylor had something sweet on her mind in the drivethrough line at Heavnly Donuts. Just the day before, a stranger ahead of her in line had _1_(generous) paid for her coffee. “The good deed made such _2_ big difference in my day，” says Eileen. She had recently lost her job as a physicians _3_ (assist), and money was tight. But Eileen _4_(inspire) to pay the $12 bill of the family in the car behind hers. _5_she didnt know was that her kindness would set off a chain reaction. In two and a half hours, fiftyfive drivers paid for the order of the person behind _6_(they). The doughnut shops employees _7_ (see) this before. This Heavnly Donuts, in fact, is known as a special place, the customers of _8_ are considered as “the best in the world”. But, even so, the workers were _9_ (amaze) that the shop had more than doubled its previous record by the end of the day.Now _10_ (work) as a chemist, Eileen visits Heavnly Donuts every Saturday morning, picking up a coffee and paying for the order of the customer behind her.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._【参考答案】语法填空语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Eileen在经济困窘之际，陌生顾客帮她付单的行为产生了连锁反应，很多人效仿这一行为。1generously空处修饰动词，应用副词形式。2amake a difference意为“起作用”，是固定短语。3assistant此处指“作为一个医生的助手”，故用名词assistant。4was inspired本处叙述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时；Eileen与inspire之间是动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态；结合主语Eileen可知，填was inspired。5What句意：她不知道的是她的善行引起了连锁反应。主语从句中know缺少宾语，故用what引导主语从句。6them空处作介词behind的宾语，应用人称代词的宾格形式them。7had seen根据语境并结合时间状语before可知，此处指的是“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。8which先行词place在后面的非限制性定语从句中作介词of的宾语，故填which。9amazed主语为workers，指人，应用amazed。10working分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词作状语，因为work与句子主语Eileen之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。E(2016超级全能生26省联考乙卷)“He is a fool who cannot be angry，but he is really a wise man _1_ wont.”The habit of keeping pleasant is indeed better _2_ an income of a million dollars a year. The life without _3_(cheerful) is like the severe winter without the sun.We all love cheerful company，but we tend to forget that cheerfulness is a habit which can be developed by all.We find _4_ very difficult to be happy when we are in sorrow. It requires great courage. We should never forget that _5_(be) cheerful when it is not easy to be cheerful shows greatness. Thorny(荆棘)may be _6_(we) way，but how happy is the conquerors song!The perfection of cheerfulness _7_(consist)in the happy frame of mind. It is displayed in good temper and kind behavior. It arises partly from personal goodness and _8_(part) from belief in the goodness of others. It can make people see the glory in the grass and the sunshine on the flower. It encourages happy thoughts，and lives in an atmosphere of peace. It costs nothing，and yet it is _9_(value). It blesses its possessor and affords a large measure of enjoyment to others.To light up others heart，ones own heart must _10_(light) first.【语篇导读】本文介绍了积极乐观的重要性。1who考查定语从句。分析句子结构可以得出“_ wont”是一个定语从句，先行词“a wise man”在从句中作主语，再结合前一句可知，此处填who。2than考查比较级。根据句意及“better”可知，此处填“better”。3cheerfulness考查名词。without 是介词，介词后只能跟名词或是动名词，所以此处填“cheerful”的名词形式“cheerfulness”。4it考查代词。分析句子结构可以得出“_”在这里只是“find”的形式宾语，真正的宾语是“to be happy”，所以此处填 “it”。5to be考查不定式。分析句子结构，“_ cheerful when it is not easy to be cheerful shows greatness.”是“that” 引导的宾语从句，而 “_ cheerful”是从句中的主语，再根据句意分析，句子具有一定的将来意义，所以用“to be”。6our考查形容词性物主代词。根据句意，此处填“我们的”，所以用“our”。7consists考查动词。这一句的主语“the perfection of cheerfulness”是单数形式，再结合全文来看，全文中以一般现在时来写，所以此处也应用第三人称单数形式。故填 “consists”8parts考查动词。根据句子结构及句意，此处的动作和前面的“arises”是并列关系，所以part用第三人称单数形式。9valuable考查形容词。根据句意，“它虽然不花钱，但它确实是无价的。”所以此处应用“value”的形容词形式“valuable”。10be lighted考查动词语态。根据句意，“要想点亮他人的心，必须先点亮自己的心”。但后面半句的主语是“heart”，所以要用被动语态，故填 “be lighted”。F语法填空(2016湖北省七市教科研协作体联合考试)Talking is the most effective and satisfying way of communication with others. There are many forms of communication, _1_ include texting, cell phones, email, and social media. _2_ (use) these alternative forms to communicate with others may be faster, _3_ they lack many qualities that a facetoface conversation _4_ (possess)Facial expression and body language can _5_ (great) affect a conversation. They can be used to give a person some information about what the other person _6_ (think) and feeling. Facial expression can _7_ (apply) to video chatting, but body language can only be found in a facetoface conversation. Talking in person can have physical _8_ (feature). Giving someone a hug and holding their hand _9_ (comfort) them can only be done in person. When you are talking to someone by texting or messaging them, physical touch does not exist at all, which can limit the connection _10_ the people in the communication.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._【参考答案】语法填空语篇解读：随着科技的发展，现代的交流方式多种多样，但是面对面交流和肢体语言交流仍是不可替代的交流方式。1which分析句子结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为forms of communication，关系词作从句的主语，故用which引导该定语从句。2Using分析句子结构可知，此处为动名词短语作主语，故用动名词Using。3but使用这些可替代的交流方式可能会更快捷，但是它们缺乏面对面交流所拥有的特点。根据句意可知，两句间为转折关系，故用转折连词but。4possesses根据上下文时态可知，空处应用一般现在时；该从句的主语是单数可数名词，故谓语动词用单数。5greatly空处修饰动词affect，故用副词形式greatly。6is thinking根据该句中的“feeling”和语境可知，面部表情和肢体语言能给人一些他人正在想什么的信息，故用现在进行时。7be applied主语Facial expression和动词apply之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。由can可知，应填be applied。8features根据下句中的“Giving someone a hug”和“holding their hand”可知，面对面交谈有两个身体特征，故用复数形式。9to comfort根据句意可知，空处表示拥抱和握手的目的，故用动词不定式。10between这里表示“人们之间的联系”，应用介词between。G(2015南昌调研)Some inventions happen in strange ways. The potato chip is one of them.Moons Lake House was _1_ restaurant in New York in the 1850s. George Crum was the cook there. Many rich people often came to the restaurant _2_(enjoy) his cooking.The one thing that really upset Crum was _3_ a customer complained about the food and sent it back to the kitchen to be done over. He would often return it overcooked. He was happy to see the customer walk out of the restaurant _4_(angry)On August 24，1853, a customer returned his fried potatoes to the kitchen，_5_ they werent crunchy(脆的 ) enough.Crum reacted in his _6_(usually) way. He cut the potatoes very thin and cooked them in hot oil. They were so crunchy and Crum was sure that the man would refuse _7_(eat) them. Instead, the man loved them. He even asked for more.Now, do you know _8_ invented the potato chip? Its George Crum! He _9_(late) set up his own restaurant. He named it Crums House. He put baskets of his potato chips on all the tables. They made his restaurant a very popular place.Today, potato chips are one of Americans _10_(favor) foods!【语篇导读】本文告诉我们薯条是怎么被发明出来的。1a考查冠词。restaurant是名词，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词a。2to enjoy考查非谓语动词。这里用动词不定式作目的状语，表示许多富人常常来这里吃他烹饪的饭菜。3when考查表语从句。此处应用when引导表语从句，且在从句中作时间状语。4angrily考查副词。根据前面“walk out of the restaurant”可知，后面应用副词angrily修饰动词。5because考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示“因为油炸的薯条不够脆”，强调原因，故用because。6usual考查形容词。根据后面的名词way可知，此处应用形容词。7to eat考查动词不定式。refuse to do sth“拒绝做某事”。8who考查疑问词。根据后面“Its George Crum”可知，此处问的是谁发明了薯条。9later考查副词。根据后面的“set up”可知，这里应用later。10favorite考查形容词。根据后面的“foods”可知，这里需要用形容词，且表示“最喜欢的”。H语法填空(2016潍坊市统考)Dr. Barone has helped many kids smile who were born with defects (缺陷), including me. She did my first two operations when I was a baby, which were the most important and _1_(effect)I dont remember the first two operatio