四六级---[四级词汇]-2011英语四级考试必备：核心词汇(1).doc

四六级 - 四级词汇 2011英语四级考试必备：核心词汇（1）四级词汇 2011英语四级考试必备：核心词汇（1） abundant a. 丰富的，充裕的，大量的 acquire vt. 取得，获得；学到 accomplish vt .完成，到达；实行 adopt v. 收养；采用；采纳 adapt vi. 适应，适合；改编，改写 vt. 使适应 adequate a. 适当地；足够 adhere vi. 粘附，附着；遵守，坚持 attach vt. 系，贴；使附属 avenu. 全文abundant a. 丰富的，充裕的，大量的acquire vt. 取得，获得；学到accomplish vt .完成，到达；实行adopt v. 收养；采用；采纳adapt vi. 适应，适合；改编，改写 vt. 使适应adequate a. 适当地；足够adhere vi. 粘附，附着；遵守，坚持attach vt. 系，贴；使附属avenue n. 林荫道，大街available a. 现成可用的；可得到的applicable a. 可应用的，适当的applicant n. 申请人appeal n. vi. 呼吁，恳求acknowledge v. 承认；致谢apparent a. 显然的，明白的appetite n. 胃口；欲望awful a. 极坏的，威严的，可怕的awkward a. 笨拙的，棘手的await vt. 等候appoint vt. 任命，委派approach v. 接近 n. 途径，方式appropriate a. 适当的beforehand ad. 预先，事先breadth n. 宽度blast n. 爆炸；气流 vi. 炸，炸掉breed n. 种，品种 v. 繁殖，产仔barrel n. 桶bargain n. 便宜货 vi. 讨价还价barrier n. 障碍；棚栏budget n. 预算 v. 编预算，作安排bunch n. 群，伙；束，串bundle n. 捆，包，束 vt. 收集，归拢ceremony n. 典礼，仪式chaos n. 混乱，紊乱cargo n. (船、飞机等装载的)货物coarse a. 粗的，粗糙的，粗劣的coach n. 教练；长途公共汽车code n. 准则，法规，密码conservation n. 保存，保护conservative a. 保守的comparable a. (with, to) 可比较的，比得上的，类似的comparative a. 比较的，相对的complain vi. 抱怨，埋怨deposit n. 存款，定金 v.存放，储蓄四级语法 春假特辑：四级语法专项练习题-名词1 一、名词 1. _there any water in the bottle? A) Have B) Has C) Are D) Is 2. There _two glasses of milk on the table in the room. A) have B) has C) are D) is 3 I still want two _of cl. 全文一、名词1. _there any water in the bottle?A) Have B) Has C) Are D) Is2. There _two glasses of milk on the table in the room.A) have B) has C) are D) is3 I still want two _of clothing for the coming party.A) articles B) pieces C) bits D) sections4. A _of smoke rose slowly from the roof of the hut.A) piece B) column C) stream D) bar5. The beggar always asks for a _of bread and a glass of beer.A) section B) column C) loaf D) part6. Once a _ of lions lived in the forest.A) pride B) swarm C) troupe D) herd7. A_ of football players arrived at the hotel last night.A) gang B) team C) troupe D) school8. A flock of birds_ circling the field.A) was B) were C) is being D) are being9. Some _have been brought in from the car.A) package B) packages C) the package D) the packages10. The elderly _increasingly asserting their rights.A) is being B) are being C) is D) are11. He then took _ butter, with the result that hardly any was left for the rest of us.A) a few B) a little C) many D) a number of12. I have fewer _than I did at the beginning of the term.A) homework B) homework assignmentC) homeworks D) homework assignments13. This is _.She wrote her name on the first page.A)a Sherrys book B)a book of Sherry C)a book of Sherrys D)Sherrys a book14. Do you know _ ? He seems to know you well.A) the name of the man B) the name of the mansC) the mans the name D) name of the mans15. _ is the most beautiful one I have ever seen.A) Bob brothers car B) Car of Bobs brotherC) Bobs brothers car D) The car of Bobs brother16. He was able to recite_ at the age of three.A) fifteen poems of Li Bais B) fifteen poems of Li BaiC) fifteen Li Bais poems D) Li Bais fifteen poem17. The militia _keeping guard yesterday evening.A)is B)are C)was D)were18. The policeman is investigating the _ about the traffic accident.A)passer-by B)passers-by C)passer-bys D)passers-bys19. The books on the left are for small children whereas the books on the right are for _ .A)grown-ups B)growns-up C)grown-up D)grown ups20. His salary is low and he gets_ .A)little luxuries B)few luxuries C)luxuries D)luxury21. He inherited five companies of his fathers and lived a life of _ .A)luxuries B)many luxuries C)much luxuries D)luxury22. _ is from India.A )The mayors of New Yorks cat B )The mayors cat of New YorkC )The mayor of New Yorks cat D )The mayors cat of New York23 . _ new baby is very lovely.A)Sallys and Toms B)Sally and Toms C)Sally s and Tom D)Sally and Tom24. _Is worth a million dollars now, but he bought it for only two dollars ten years ago.A)The portrait of John B)The Johns portraitC)Johns the portrait D)The portrait of Johns25. He stood at _ .A)the foot of the bed B)the beds foot C)the beds the foot D)the foot of beds答案1.d 2 c 3 a 4 b 5 c 6 a 7 b 8 a 9 b 10 d 11 b 12 d 13 c 14 a 15 c 16 a 17 d 18 b 19 a 20 b 21 d 22 c 23 b 24 d 25a四级听力 2011春假特辑：四级听力常考习语（1） 1、across 1、表方位。 Lets go to the restaurant across the street and get something to eat. 让我们去街对面的餐馆买些吃的。 2、表动作，穿越。 You must go across the bridge and then turn right. 你必须先过桥，然后再往右拐。 2、age . 全文1、across1、表方位。Lets go to the restaurant across the street and get something to eat.让我们去街对面的餐馆买些吃的。2、表动作，穿越。You must go across the bridge and then turn right.你必须先过桥，然后再往右拐。2、age1、年龄。最一般的表达。在此不赘述。2、衰老。the aging people = the old people现代社会出现越来越严重的aging problem(人口老龄化问题)等。3、all1、shake all over 浑身颤抖2、all of a sudden 突然地All of a sudden, I remembered her name. 我突然想起了她的名字。3、by all means 一定Ill come by all means. 我一定会来的。4、all night long 整晚My present neighbor plays piano all night long. 我现在的邻居整晚都弹钢琴。4、apply这里我们详细串联一下在听力考试中涉及到的与求职相关的短语。apply for(申请)，这是工作的第一步；既然要申请，必然需要递交letter of application(求职信)，只要你足够confident about yourself，就有可能获得job interview(工作面试)的机会。是否能够give a good impression(留个好印象)给主管，那就得看你个人犄造化了。有些工作岗位会require much traveling，(要求经常出差)还有些工作，做不了多久就会希望find a way out(找到出路)。正所谓城里城外，各有风光。没工作的人想工作，有工作的人又烦工作。5、as1、作为，当作。I am working as his teaching assistant. 我作为他的助教进行工作。2、asas 就像一样Ive heard that he is as well-known as Johnson herself. 我听说他跟约翰生本人自己一样著名。I dont think it would be as boring as working in an office.我并不认为这会跟在办公室工作一样枯燥。It wasnt as easy as I had thought. 这不像我想的那么简单。Its not as bad as it looks. 这并不像看上去的那么糟糕。Is that optional course as hard as everybody says?那个选修课真的就像每个人说的那样难吗3、as far as I know 据我所知As far as I know, whether therell be such a trip is yet to be decided.据我所知，是否有这么一趟旅行尚未决定。As far as I know, he works until midnight every day.据我所知，他每天都工作到半夜。4、as well 也If the weather is this hot tomorrow, we may as well give up the idea of playing tennis outside.如果明天温度还是这么高，我们也可能放弃到户外进行比赛的主意。1、as soon as 一就，尽快I will do that for you as soon as I have fixed the machine.一修好机器我就会尽快为你完成那个工作。四级阅读 名师指导英语四级考试快速阅读得分技巧 略读(skimming)，指的是快速浏览全文的阅读方法。略读的对象是文章的开始段、结束段、每段的段首句和结尾句。文章内容的概括性陈述一般都在这些位置。 略读的目的是：(1)了解文章的主题;(2)对文章的结构获得一个整体概念;(3)对各部分的内容获得一个粗略的印象;(4)对文章主旨做出判断。 对快速阅读而言，略读最重要的意义在于对各部分的内容获得一个粗略印象，以方便在寻读的迅速确定答案所在. 全文略读(skimming)，指的是快速浏览全文的阅读方法。略读的对象是文章的开始段、结束段、每段的段首句和结尾句。文章内容的概括性陈述一般都在这些位置。略读的目的是：(1)了解文章的主题;(2)对文章的结构获得一个整体概念;(3)对各部分的内容获得一个粗略的印象;(4)对文章主旨做出判断。对快速阅读而言，略读最重要的意义在于对各部分的内容获得一个粗略印象，以方便在寻读的迅速确定答案所在的部分或段落。 有小标题的文章解题技巧 对于有小标题的文章，把握开头或结尾部分就把握住了文章的主题与写作目的。小标题相当于段落的主题句，把握住小标题就把握住了文章的主要内容。这些小标题在寻读时也显得格外重要，从题干中的定位信息可以快速找到相关的小标题(模糊定位)，再在小标题下的内容中查找就可以了(精确定位)。这对于提高作题速度非常有帮助。【真题示例1】.5.Protect your references.If your resume contains a section with the names and contact information of your references,take it out.Theres no sense in safeguarding your information while sharing private contact information of your references.Q:To protect your references,you should not post online their _【解析】name and contact information / private contact information。根据题干中的protect your references可以快速定位到小标题5下的内容。本段讲述的主要是是如何来保护自己的证明人。段中说的主要内容就是要把联系人的姓名和联系方式从网上拿下来。【真题示例2】原文的几个小标题为： How Much Trash Is Generated;How Is Trash Disposed of ;What Is a Landfill;Proposing the landfill;Building the Landfill;What Happens to Trash in a Landfill;How Is a Landfill OperatedQ:The passage gives a general description of the structure and use of a landfill.【解析】选Y。看文章的标题可知道全文主要描述的是垃圾填埋场的建设与使用。所以题干正确. 无小标题的文章解题技巧 对于没有小标题的文章，需要把握文章开头或结尾部分来把握文章的主题与写作目的。更重要的是浏览每段的段首和段尾，对每一段的主题和内容获得一个粗略的印象。建议考生在浏览时将本段的主题词用笔圈出。这些主题词将起到小标题的作用。【真题示例】.Today,the interstate system links every major city in the U.S. and the U.S.with Canada and Mexico.Built with safety in mind,the highways have wide lanes and shoulders,dividing medians or barriers,long entry and exit lanes,curves engineered for safe turns,and limited access.The death rate on highways is half that of all other U.S.roads(0.86 deaths per 100 million passenger miles compared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads)Q: In spite of safety considerations ,the death rate on interstate highways is still higher than that of ther American roads.【解析】选N。本段讲的是告诉公路的安全问题，death rate是其中的一个关键词。根据题干中的关键词定位到这一段，再根据句中存在的比较关系再具体定位到段落的末尾处。原文说：“高速公路上的车祸死亡碧绿是其他路面上的一半”。所以题干说：“高速公路上的事故死亡率比其他路面上的高”是错误的。即讲即练In the UK it is estimated that work-related stress is responsible for six million days of sick leave a year,with stress being linked to many minor and major illnesses.For most people,work is a significant and meaningful part of life with the majority of us spending aroun 25% of our adult lives owrking. While work can provide us with purpose, satistaction,sell-esteem and spending power ,the workplace can also be a setting of stress and worry.What is work-ralated stress?Everyone is under some pressure in the workplace.Some external pressures can be a postive factor, helping us to be more productive.Some people actually thrive under short-term added pressure, and our bodies are designed to meet these short-term demands.Hormones are released to prepare us for a “fight of flight” response to demanding situations. However,excessive and prolonged stress can produce a range of physical and emotional health problems which have come to be grouped as “work-related stress”.There is no single cause of work-ralated stress. While stress can be triggered by sudden, unexpected pressures, it is often the result of a combination of stressful factors which accumulate over time.Some people can become so used to the symptoms of excessive stress that it goes unnoticed to their detriment(危害).Most work-related stress is related to management of work, relationships at work,organizational set-up and whether you feel you have power and control in your work.The experience of stress is different for every person. Some people are affected mor than others, so what is stressful for ome person may not be stressful for another. It can depend on your personality type and on how you have learned to respond to pressure.It is impossible to escape pressure at work altogether, so it is important to learn how to manage stress. There are a number of ways in which you can reduce the negative impact of stress.Changes at workIf work-related stress is affecting you, it is important to deal with the problem as soon as possible. One of the most important factors in reducing stress levels is managing time effectively. Prioritize tasks. Completing one task before going on to the next will help you to feel more in control of work.Make time to relax at work by stretching and breathing deeply. This will help you to keep focused and prevent tired muscles. Simply ensuring you get outside for a walk during your lunch break can be helpful.It is helpful to identify which situations stress you most. Practice how you could behave differently in tricky situations. Perhaps you need to be more assertive, or you need to learn to “take a step back” in tricky situations. It can seem hard to confront the causes of workplace stress and to ask for help. But sometimes, support and advice from your line manager or human resources department is necessary to help you deal with difficulties at work.If you find talking about your concerns difficult, it may help to make notes to bring along to the work interview with you.Make these clear and specific. Try to remember that it is in everybodys interest that the workplace is as stress-free as possible.寻读(scanning)，是指以问题为线索、带着问题去寻找某一特定信息的阅读。对于四六级考试的快速阅读来说，寻读就是在读过文章后面的题后，以题干中的某些词为线索，到原文中去寻找出处的过程。由于快速阅读对于内容的理解能力要求并不高，所以寻读技能的高低直接影响着考生作题时间的长短。所以，以什么词为定位词(或线索词)到原文中去查找是很关键的。题目顺序基本与行文顺序一致解题技巧:一般情况下，快速阅读的题目顺序与原文的行文顺序是保持一致的，也就是说，下一道题的出处一般位于前一道题出处后面。即使是存在反常情况的07年6月四级考试中(第6题的出处在原文最后一段，第10题的出处在原文第一段)，其总体的试题顺序仍然是与文章的行文顺序一致的。把握题目顺序与行文顺序一致的基本规律，将节省我们的寻读时间。数字、年代解题技巧1 数字和年代在文章中通常以阿拉伯叔祖的形式出现，在周围都是英文字母的背景中就显得比较突出。因此，如果考题中含有数字，往往可以用来快速定位题目的出处。解题技巧2 数字和年代在文章中通常以阿拉伯数字的形式出现，但题干中可能对数字的形式有一定改动，如在数字的精确性和模糊性上变化。这时需要主义从逻辑关系上正确理解数字之间的包含与被包含关系。第一次出现的人名、地名等专有名词解题技巧 专有名词以大写字母开头，在文章中显得比较突出，容易寻找。但是如果通篇都是讲与这个专有名词有关的事情时，这个专有名词有可能在全文中多次出现，而题目中也多次出现，这时就不建议用它来定位题目出处，而应该使用其他的定位词。【真题 1】Early in the 20th century,most of the streets and roads in the U.S. were made of dirt,birck, and cedar wood blocks. Built for horse, carriage, and foot traffic, they were usually poorly cared for and too narrow to accommodate(容纳) automobiles.With the increase in auto production, private turnpike(收费公路)companies under loacl authorities began to spring up,and by 1921 there were 387,000 miles of paved orads. Many were built using specifications of 19th century Scottish engineers Thomas Telford and John Mac Adam (for whom the macadam surface is named), whose specifications stressed the importance of adequate drainage. Beyond that, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or commercial signs. During World War , roads throughout the country were nearly destroyed by the weight of trucks. When General Eisenhower returned from Germany in 1919, after serving in the U.S. Armys first transcontinental motor convoy(车队), he noted: “ The old convoy had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germanys Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land.”Q1: National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921Q2: General Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways made more sense than the two-lane highways of America【真题 2】The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century. To build its 44,000-mile web of highways, bridge, and tunnels, hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out. Consider the many geographic features of the country: mountains, steep grades, wetlands, rivers, desserts, and plains.Q: It was in the 1950s that American government finally took action to build a national high way system.【真题示例 1】答案解析【解析1】根据1921可以快速、准确地定位到文章的第2段的开始。第一句说1921年时已经有38万多公里的公路铺设，许多使用的是两位19世纪苏格兰工程师的技术参数。后面一句提到当时还没有国家标准(here were no national standards).所以题干表述错误，选N【解析2】根据General Eisenhower或者German定位在文章第2段的后半部分。General Eisenhower先是夸耀了 two-lane highways的好，一个but之后指出德国高速公路的wisdom。说明General Eisenhower更欣赏德国的告诉公路。题干表述正确，选Y【真题示例 2】答案解析【解析】根据1950s可以快速准确地定位到本段第一句中。该句说，1956年时洲际告诉公路开始建设。题干中的1950s表示20世纪50年代，包含着1956年。题干说1950s开建是正确的。选Y六级词汇 2011六级考试核心词汇及例句分析（1） abandon vt放弃, 遗弃 （90-6， 91-6，92-1，93-1，95-1， 95-6，98-6，99-6，02-6，05-1，06-12，07-6） After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of li. 全文abandon vt放弃, 遗弃 （90-6， 91-6，92-1，93-1，95-1， 95-6，98-6，99-6，02-6，05-1，06-12，07-6）After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. （02-6）abnormal adj反常的, 变态的Various efforts have been made over the centuries to predict earthquakes, including observing lights in the sky and abnormal animal behavior.（06年6月17日真题）几个世纪以来，人们尽了很大努力预测地震，包括观察天空的光亮以及动物的反常行为。abrupt adj.突然的, 意想不到的;That long airplane ride, the abrupt change of climate, was more than she could take. （05,1）长时间乘坐飞机，以及突变的气候都是她难以承受的。absence n.缺席 （93-6，00-1，01-1，06-6Those who recognize problems as a human condition and dont measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most rare. （01-1）absolute adj.绝对的；完全的；（93-6，95-6，96-6，01-6，02-6（原型），03-9，05-1，07-6absorb vt. 吸收（液体）；（90-1，92-6，96-1，97-6，98-1，99-1，00-1）The club will absorb new members the first week in September. （02-1）abstract n. 摘要, 概要, 抽象（90-6，00-6，01-1，03-6）At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels; and to resolve abstract equations quickly. （01-1）abundance n. 丰富, 充裕, 丰富充裕（91-6，01-1，05-12，06-12）in aboundance 充足，丰富 abundant adj.From science to Shakespeare, excellent television and video programs are available in abundance to teacher.(06年12月)accelerate v. 加速（99-1，02-6）Hill slopes are cleared of forests to make way for crops, but this only accelerates the crisis. （02-12）access n. 通路, 访问, 入门access to 通往的道路 have access to 有机会，有权利享用或接近The people living in these apartments have free access to that swimming pool. （97-1）accompany v. 陪伴, 伴奏 （01-6，05-12）accomplishment n. 成就, 完成, 实现, 达到（93-1，98-1，04-6）accurate adj.正确的, 精确的Weather forecast is getting more accurate today. 现在，天气预报越来越准确了。accuse v. 控告, 谴责, 非难（96-1，98-6，02-6，03-9，05-1，05-6，06-6）The police accused him of setting fire to the building but the denied having been in the area on the night of the fire. （96-1）accuse sb. of doing sth. 指控某人accustom v.使习惯于 （98-1，01-6，02-6，03-9，05-1，05-12）be accustomed to sth. /doing sth. 习惯（做）某事After only two days in the river, people accustomed to being spoiled and indulged had become a team, working together to cope with the unpredictable twists and turns of the river. （98-1）achieve v. 完成, 达到（90-