中考英语阅读理解一考点精讲中考试题示例人教新目标版.ppt

聚焦中考英语（普版）,第42讲阅读理解（二）,阅读理解。(2013，江西)WhenIcrossedasmallroadonmyfirstdayinKolkata,IwassurprisedbecauseIheardabellnotahorn(喇叭).Itwasatinymanpullingarickshaw.Hestoppedandpickeduptwochildrenfromthefrontdooroftheirhouseandpulledthemtoschool.Formanypeople,therickshawinKolkatahasmanyadvantages.Whenthetrafficisbad,rickshawsfindawaythroughthetraffic.Ifyoumissyourbusandtherearentanytaxis,youcanalwaysfindarickshawinKolkata.Rickshawsarealsoverypopularwithlocalshoppers.Thedrivertakesyoufromyourhousetothemarketandwaitsforyou.Thenheloads(装载)allyourthings,dropsyouoffoutsideyourhomeandhelpsyouunload.Noothertypeofpublictransportoffersthiskindofservice.FromJunetoSeptember,Kolkatagetsheavyrain.Sometimesitrainsfor48hourswithoutabreak.Insomepartsofthecity,theroadsflood(水淹),andanythingwithanengine(发动机)is,useless.Buttherickshawdriversneverstopworking,evenwithwaterallaroundthem.Butnoteveryonethinksrickshawsareagoodthing.Thelocalgovernmentwanttobanrickshaws.Theybelieveitiswrongforonemantopullanotherpersonwhenthereismoderntransportinthecity.However,thereisaproblemwiththisplan.Manyoftherickshawdriverscomefromthecountryside.TheonlyjobtheycanfindinKolkataispullingarickshaw.Ifthecitybansrickshaws,thesemenwonthaveajob.Soforthemoment,thepeopleofKolkatastillgobyrickshaw.,1WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1？_A_ARickshawsareveryusefulforthepeoplesdailylifeinKolkata.BParentsneedrickshawsfortakingchildrentoschoolinKolkata.CRickshawscanfindawaythroughthebadtrafficinKolkata.DTherickshawdriverscarrythingsforlocalpeopleinKolkata.2WhichtypeoftransportmayyoutakewhentheroadsfloodinKolkata？_D_AAbus.BAtaxi.CAcar.DArickshaw.3Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ban”mean？_C_AMake.BIncrease.CForbid.DCollect.4Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？_B_ATherickshawsinKolkatahaveloudhorns.BTherickshawisstillapartofpublictransportinKolkata.CThelocalgovernmentoffermanyotherjobstotherickshawdrivers.DThepeopleinKolkataaresupposedtotakerickshawsinsteadofcars.,(三)推理判断题推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。(四)猜测词义题猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。,“Iwasstilldoubting(怀疑)myselfrightuptoafewminutesbeforegoingontoplaythematch.Ihavebeeninthispositionmanytimesandnottriedhardtogetthrough，”hetoldtheDailyMailafterhisvictory.Buthedidnotthinkabouthispastdisappointment(失望)toomuch.Instead,hefoughtthrough.“Ithinkjustprovingmyselfisprobablythemostpleasingpartaboutthismatch，”hesaid.ThevictorycomesfourweeksafterMurraywonagoldattheLondonOlympics.HeisnowBritainsfirstmaleGrandSlamsingleschampionin76years.HeisthenewprideoftheBritishpeople.,1Murrayhasworkedhardforsevenyearsbecausehewantedto_.ArealizehisGrandSlamdreamBbeatdefendingchampionCturnaprofessionalplayerDwinintheUSOpenfinal解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“BritishtennisplayerAndyMurraywaitedsevenyearsbeforehecouldrealizehisGrandSlam(大满贯)dream.”可知。答案：_A_2WhatdoyouknowaboutNovakDjokovicfromthetext?AHeissevendaysolderthanMurray.BHefinallywononSeptember11，2012.CHehaswonfiveworldchampionships.DHebeatdefendingchampionMurray.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Djokovichaswonfivetitles(冠军)whileMurraywastherunnerupinhislastfourGrandSlamfinals.”可知，Djokovic获得过五次世界冠军。,答案：_C_3EvenbeforetheUSOpenfinalwasstarted,Murray_.AwasstillplanningtomakefriendswithDjokovicBwasstilldoubtingwhetherhewouldgiveupCwasreallyprovinghimselftowinthegameDwasnotsurewhetherhewouldwinthegame解析：推理判断题。由第四段“Iwasstilldoubting(怀疑)myselfrightuptoafewminutesbeforegoingontoplaythematch.”可知，他在此次参赛前一直信心不足。答案：_D_4WhatmakesMurraybecomethenewprideoftheBritishpeople?AThefirstmaleGrandSlamsingleschampionin76years.BHistoomuchdisappointmentinthepastfewyears.CThefirstsingleschampionattheLondonOlympics.DHisdefendingchampionspositionmanytimes.,解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“HeisnowBritainsfirstmaleGrandSlamsingleschampionin76years”可知。答案：_A_5TheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword“runnerup”inthetextis_.A冠军B亚军C爱好者D参与者解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第三句“Djokovichaswonfivetitles(冠军)whileMurraywastherunnerupinhislastfourGrandSlamfinals.”可知，Murray连续四次进入大满贯决赛，未获冠军，那么他应该是亚军。答案：_B_,(2013，重庆)Kindergartens(幼儿园)mayteachyouveryimportantthingsyouneedtoknow.Dancy,a5yearoldboy,savedhisfatherslifewiththeskillshelearned.Theboysfatherbecameseriouslyillonthewayhomefromafathersonshopping.Hecouldntspeakandcouldhardlymove,buthetriedhardtostopthecarsafely.Atthatpoint,Dancyusedhisfathersphonetocallhismotherforhelp.The5yearoldboytriedhisbesttogiveherusefulinformationandhewasabletotellwheretheywere.Justashehadlearnedinthekindergarten,Dancyreadthelettershesawonanearbystoresign：“F，U，R，N，I，T，U，R，E.”Butthatwasntenoughforhismothertofindthem.Thenheaddedthattheywerenearabridge.Finally,hismotherunderstoodhewastalkingaboutastorecalledFurniture22onNewJerseysRoute22.Themothercalled911andthefatherwassavedintime.“Hejustthoughthisdadneededhelp，”Dancysmothertoldthereporter.Shealsopointedoutthatherhusbandwasahero,too.“Itissurprisingforhimtogetoffthehighway(高速路)andgethimselfandhischildtosafetyevenwhenhewassosick，”shesaid.Shine,headofthekindergarten,feltproudofhispupil.“Dancysspellingskillshelpedhimseizethemoment，”hesaid.“Andthatstherealvalue(价值)ofeducation.”,1Whenthefatherbecameseriouslyill,heandhissonwere_A_AonthehighwayBathomeCinashoppingcenterDinahospital2Dancycalled_A_forhelpwhenhisfathercouldntspeak.AhismotherB911CShineDthereporter3TheChinesemeaningoftheword“seize”inthispassageisprobably“_B_”A成功B抓住C救援D失去4WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage_D_？ADancydrovehisfatherhome.BThereporterwasreallyahero.CShinesentDancysfathertohospital.DDancysavedhisfatherwithhisspellingskills.,KingsCollegeSummerSchoolisanannual(年度的)trainingprogramforhighschoolstudentsatalllevelswhowanttoimprovetheirEnglish.CoursesaregivenbytheteachersofKingsCollegeandothercollegesinNewYork.Tripstomuseumsandculturecentersarealsoorganized.ThisyearssummerschoolwillbefromJuly25toAugust15.Moreinformationisasfollows：,1.Thesummertrainingprogramincludesallofthefollowingexcept_A_AdoingaparttimejobBtakingcoursesChavingsportsDtravelling2IfyouwanttoliveatarelativeshomeinNewYork,youwillhavetopaytheschool_C_A$200B$400C$500D$9003Whatcorrectinformationcanyougetfromthepassage？_C_ATheprogramwilllasttwomonths.BYoucanemailorringuptheschool.CYoucanwritetoThompsononlyinEnglish.DStudentsinChinacansendapplicationsonJuly14.,(二)(2013，黄冈)LonglongagoamanwenttoIndiaandhehadneverbeentherebefore.Whenhegotthere,hesawalotoffruit,butmuchofitwasexpensivebecausetheycouldntgrowmuchbecausetherewaslittlewater.Finallyhesawabigbasketofsomeveryredandlongfruit.Anditwasthecheapestintheshop.Sohewentupandasked,“Howmucheachkilo？”andtheshopkeepersaid,“Tworupees(卢比)”TworupeesinIndiawasnothing.Soheboughtawholekilogramofthefruitandstartedeatingit.Butafterheatesomeofit:oh,mygod!Hiseyeswatered,hismouthwateredandburnt,andhisfacebecamered.Hejumpedupanddown,saying,“Ah!Ah!Ah！”,Buthestillcontinuedtoeatthefruit!Somepeoplewhowerelookingathimshooktheirheadsandsaid,“Yourecrazy,man.Thosearechilies(辣椒)!Youcanteatsomany!Peopleusethemasacondiment,_butonlyalittlebittoputintofoodfortaste.Youcantjusteatthemlikethat.”Butthesillymansaid,“No,Icantstop!Ipaidmoneyforthem,andnowIlleatthemup.Itsmymoney！”Andyouthinkthatmanwassilly,right?Wesometimesdoalotofthingslikethat.Wespendmoney,timeoreffortdoingsomething.Andeventhoughitsbee