新人教版英语选修8 unit1Grammar（名词性从句）课件.ppt

ReviseNounClauses,Unit1Grammar,Whatthedriveroftheyellowcardidmademeextremelyangry.Whyshedidthisisstillunknown.,SubjectClauses,ObjectClauses,HaveALk,Itshardtoforgetwhatwehavelearnedinhisclasses.PleasedonttellmymotherwhenIllgivehermygift.,ThatswhyIcantfollowyou.Theproblemisthatitsveryhardtocatchyourwords.,PredictiveClauses,AppositiveClauses,Thefactthathetellsliesallthetimemakesussurprised.Thereisnodoubtthatitwillraintomorrow.,FunctionasaNOUNinasentence.,NounClauses,主语从句SubjectClause,名词性从句NounClause,宾语从句ObjectClause,表语从句PredicativeClause,同位语从句AppositiveClause,引导名词性从句的连接词,可分为三类：1.连接词that,whether,if不充当从句的任何成分。2.连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which不仅起到连接一个句子的作用，同时也是从句的一个组成部分。3.连接副词：when,where,how,why,在一个句子中由一个句子充当的主语，这个句子叫做主语从句。Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.Thatheisthebeststudentintheclassisobvious.,主语从句SubjectClause,whether与if均为“是否”,下列情况下只用whether：1.引导主语从句并在句首Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.2.引导表语从句Thequestioniswhetherhellcome.3.从句作介词宾语Imnotsureaboutwhetherwellwin.4.从句后有ornotWhetheryoulikeitornot,youllhavetodoit.,主谓一致问题,主语是名词性从句,动词通常用单数。WhatIammostinterestedinisAmericanmovies.我最感兴趣的是美国电影。Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.你昨天说的是对的。,用it作形式主语，that引导的从句是句子的真正主语。有以下四种不同的结构：,a.It+be+形容词+that-从句Itisnecessarythat有必要Itisimportantthat重要的是Itisobviousthat很明显,主语从句常用it作形式主语放句首,b.It+be+-ed分词+that-从句Itisbelievedthat人们相信Itisknowntoallthat众所周知Ithasbeendecidedthat已决定,c.It+be+名词+that-从句Itiscommonknowledgethat是常识Itisasurprisethat令人惊奇的是Itisafactthat事实是,d.It+不及物动词+that-分句Itappearsthat似乎Ithappensthat碰巧Itoccurredtomethat我突然想起,在一个句子中由一个句子充当的表语，这个句子叫做表语从名。Thefactisthathehasnotbeenseenrecently.Mysuggestionisthatweshouldturnthelandintoricefields.,表语从句PredicativeClause,2.在that引导的表语从句中，that不能用which来替换。,1.表语从句可以用that,why,where,when,how,whether,what,who,which等词引导。,表语从句需要注意的问题,3.如果引出表语从句的名词是一些表示“建议”或者是“命令”之类的词如advice,suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea等,那么从句中的动词通常用(should)+动词原形。,Mysuggestionisthatweall_(take)anactivepartinthecomingsportsmeet.2.Hisproposalwasthatthework_(finish)infivehours.,(should)befinished,(should)take,在一个句子中由一个句子充当的宾语，这个句子叫做宾语从句。Iworryaboutwhetherhecangetovertheillness.JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday.,宾语从句ObjectClause,引导宾语从句的连接词：1.连词：whether,if,that2.连接代词：who,whom,whose,what,which3.连接副词：when,where,why,how,宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。,1.作动词的宾语Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.动词间接宾语宾语从句Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.,2.作介词的宾语Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.,That引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious,certain,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,satisfied,content等。,3.作形容词的宾语Iamafraid(that)Ivemadeamistake.,It不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。Shehasmadeitclearthatshewillgetmarriednextmonth.,4.It可以作为形式宾语,下列动词后常引导宾语从句make,think,consider,feel,find等。,这类动词有allow,refuse,let,like,cause,force,dislike,love,help,take,forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。Iadmiretheirwinningthematch.Iadmirethattheywonthematch.,5.后边不能直接跟that从句的动词,(right)(wrong),6.有些动词不可用于“动词间接宾语that从句“结构中。常见的有envy,order,accuse,refuse,impress,forgive,blame,advise等。Heimpressedthemanagerasanhonestman.Heimpressedthemanagerthathewasanhonestman.,(right)(wrong),通常来说明前面的名词的具体内容,这样的句子叫做同位语从句。同位语从句一般在下列词的后面:fact,news,idea,hope,wish,promise,truth,reason,suggestion,thought,question,doubt,conclusion,belief,fear,order,possibility等。,同位语从句AppositiveClause,1同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。,ThenewsthatIhavepassedtheexamistrue.,Thenewsthathetoldmejustnowistrue,（同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。）,（定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。）,2引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。,Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.,Theideathathegavesurprisesmanypeople,（that在从句中不充当任何成份。）,（that在从句中作gave的宾语。）,连词“that”引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别,1.Itnowappears_theyareinneedofhelp.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how2.Itisgoodnews_theywillarriveinafewdays.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how,课堂练兵,3.It_Joedrivesbadly.A.thoughtthatB.thinksthatC.isthoughtD.isthoughtthat4.It_heislateforclass.A.maythatB.mightthatC.maybethatD.mightbewhat,5.Thisis_shewasborn.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what6.Theproblemis_wecantgotheretoday.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when,7.Thequestionis_itisworthdoing.A.ifB.whetherC.whichD.what8.Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis_hehasneverwastedhistime.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.what,9.Myadviceisthathe_regularhouse.A.keepB.wouldkeepC.keepsD.kept10._knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit.A.WhothatB.WhoeverC.WhomthatD.Thatwho,11.Weallknowthetruth_theearthgoesroundthesun.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether12.Weheardthenews_ourteamhadwon.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where,13.Theproblem_itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided.A.whichB.thatC.whetherD.if14.Youmustdowell_theteacherasksyoutodo.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where,_hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.(2007上海卷)A.ThatB.WhatC.WhetherD.Where,实战高考,2.Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and_allthelightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.(2007湖南卷)A.whyB.thatC.whenD.where,3.Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?Thats_thebestjobsare.(2007浙江卷)A.whereB.whatC.whenD.why_parentssayanddohasalife-longeffectontheirchildren.(2007陕西卷)A.ThatB.WhichC.WhatD.As,5.Thenews_ourathleteswonanothergoldmedalwasreportedinyesterdaysnewspaper.(2008上海春卷)A.whichB.whetherC.whatD.that6.Ashisbestfriend,Icanmakeaccurateguessesabout_hewilldoorthink.(2008上海卷)A.whatB.whichC.whomD.that,7.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas_wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.(2008天津卷)A.whereB.howC.whenD.why8._wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.(2008浙江卷)A.AnyoneB.TheoneC.WhoeverD.Who,9.Itisnotimmediatelyclear_thefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeover.(2009上海卷)A.sinceB.whatC.whenD.whether10.Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee_itgotanybetter.(2009北京卷)A.whenB.howC.whyD.if,11.ManyyoungpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleave_couldbelifesmostimportantdecisionmarriagealmostentirelyuptoluck.(2009江苏卷)A.asB.thatC.whichD.what,12.Wehaventdiscussedyet_wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.(2010全国卷I卷)A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where13._somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.(2010北京卷)A.WhetherB.WhatC.ThatD.How,14.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew_shewassoangry.(2010湖南卷)A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why15.IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.Thats_Idontagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.(2010江苏卷)A.whereB.howC.whenD.what,Tellthefunctionofthefollowingsentences.a.subject主语b.object宾语c.predicative表语d.appositive同位语,1.TheideathatEnglandstandsforFish&Chips,SpeakersCorner,BigBenandtheTowerofLondonispast.2.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreecountriesisstillunknowntomany.,appositive,appositive,3.TheresultofsomuchFrenchinfluencewasthattheEnglishlanguageendedupwithmanyFrenchwordssuchastable,animalandage.4.ThatmostofthesearenowthreatenedandmaydisappearisaseriousmattertothepeopleinBritain.5.They