人教版 高中英语选修七第单一元Language points in Reading 课件.ppt

Languagepoints,1.population(1)对人口提问用what,不用howmany,howmuch。Whatsthepopulationofthecity?这个城市有多少人口？,(2)population作主语时用单数，但前有分数，小数，百分数时，谓语动词用复数。ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofAmerica.中国人口比美国人口多。80%ofthepopulationarefarmers.百分之80的人口是农民。,(3)人口的增加或减少用grow(increase)和fall(decrease);人口的多少用large和small。,ThepopulationofChina_large.And70%ofthepopulationofChina_peasants.,is,are,2.However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.考点此句中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that从句。另外,what,how,where,who等也常用作主语从句的引导词。,考例1_isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.(浙江2006)A.AsB.ThatC.ThisD.It点拨It是形式主语，that引导的从句为主语从句，作真正的主语。,考例2_hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.(上海2007)A.ThatB.WhatC.WhetherD.Where点拨分析句子结构可知，谓语动词was前是主语从句，主语从句中的谓语动词referredto后缺宾语，故用what引导。,3.meansn.方式,手段(单复数相同)。Thequickestmeansoftravelisbyplane.Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried,butnonehasworked.Arethereanypossiblemeansofgettingthere?Somemeansarepracticalwhileothersarenot.,联想记忆：1)bynomeans决不，一点也不Sheisbynomeanspoor;infact,sheisveryrich.2)bythismeans(inthisway);用这方式bymeansof用方式Hesucceededbymeansofhardwork.3)byallmeans当然可以,没问题-CanIseeit?-Byallmeans.,4.majority大多数n.1)themajorityofthepeople:mostofthepeople大多数人2)majority常与a/the连用;most后接名词或of+n.Themajoritywere/wasfortheplan.Themajorityofthepeople/Mostpeople/Mostofthepeopleareagainsttheideaofbuildinganewfactoryhere.,Themajority_forthebudget.Themajorityofstudents_hard-working.Themajorityofthedamage_easytorepair.单独做主语时,若强调整体,谓语动词用单数,强调个体时,谓语动词用复数。a/themajorityof+n.后可用不可数名词，也可用可数名词复数,谓语动词由后面的名词决定。,was/were,are,is,发散记忆：majoradj.主要的,重要的amajorroadv.(+insth.)主修（科目）minorityn.少数人，少数eg.Onlyasmallminorityofstudentsareinterestedinpoliticsthesedays.,-Whatstheboysfavoritesport?-_ofboyslikeplayingfootball.A.NoneB.ThemostC.ThemajorityD.Every,【解析】C考查majority的用法。问句问的是男孩们最喜欢的运动是什么，即：多数男孩喜欢的，所以选择：themajorityof+名词(的大多数)。most当“大多数”讲时，其前通常无冠词,of后的名词一般有限定词。,5.Inthe16thcentury,afterthearrivalofEuropeans,thenativepeoplesufferedgreatly.在16世纪,欧洲人到来之后,当地人陷入了极大的苦难。,vi.受痛苦；受损害vt.遭受；忍受,suffer,辨析：suffer与sufferfromsuffer(vt.)和sufferfrom的区别:suffer指一般的损害、痛苦等等,其宾语为pain,loss,grief,insult,punishment,wrong,hardship,injustice,discouragement,disappointment,setback(挫折)，但sufferfrom表示遭受战争，自然灾害带来的苦难及患病之意。,suffertheresult/heavylosses/injuries承受结果/遭受大损失/负伤sufferfromheadache/illness/war/theflood遭受头痛/疾病的困扰/战争/洪水,1)inadditionto:除此之外,另外(+n./doing),e.g.Imetmypastteacherandsomeformerclassmates_inthesupermarket.,inaddition,_cakesandcandies,guestswerealsoprovidedwithfruits.除了有蛋糕和糖果,还给客人们准备了水果。,Inadditionto,6.Inaddition,manydiedfromthediseasesbroughtbyEuropeans.,2)辨析:diefrom,dieofdieof死于疾病、饥饿,多指内部原因。diefrom常用死于创伤、交通事故,多指外部未知原因。,dieofcancer/hunger/sorrow/thirst/oldage死于癌症饥饿悲痛干旱衰老diefromawound/overwork/anunknowncause死于外伤过度劳累不明原因Manyofthemdiedofstarvation.Thesoldierdiedfromawoundinthebreast.,Somedieofhunger,butsome_eatingtoomuch.A.diefromB.fromC.XD.of,7.SpanishsoldiersfirstarrivedinSouthAmericaintheearly16thcenturywhentheyfoughtagainstthenativepeopleandtooktheirland.16世纪早期,西班牙士兵到达南美洲,这时同土著人作斗争并占领这片土地。,fightfor“为事业,自由,真理,权利等而斗争(战斗)”fightagainst(可用with)theenemy“为反对而斗争”；接人和国家名词，意思是“与战斗”,辨析:fightagainst,fightfor与fightwith,fightwithsb.也可表示与某人并肩作战fightawar/battle打一场战争Theyarefightingforfreedom.他们正为自由而战。,8.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。,1)句中Spanish前面有序数词限定成分，故其后用不定式定语形式。ShewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize.2)majority作“多数，大半”讲,单独作主语时,谓语动词多用单数,在强调“多数成员的各个成员”时,谓语动词也可用复数。,9.Thisiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.考点why在此引导表语从句。表语从句也可由what,where,when等引导。考例1Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?Thats_thebestjobsare.(浙江2007)A.whereB.whatC.whenD.why点拨is后为表语从句,根据前一句,将表语从句补全后为:thebestjobsareinthedowntown,故用A。,考例2Thetraditionalviewis_wesleepbecauseourbrainis“programmed”tomakeusdoso.(上海2007)A.whenB.whyC.whetherD.that点拨is后为表语从句，分析表语从句的句子结构，不缺任何成分，故用that引导。that在表语从句中只起连接作用。,10.Somediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselvesdespitegreathardship.,1)remain的用法:remain用作不及物动词,意为“剩下、留下、呆在”,相当于stay。如:Whentheothershadgone,Joanremained(=stayed)tocleantheroom.别人走了,琼留下来清扫房间。stay通常指在某地呆一段时间而不离开,过暂时住在某地,尤指宾客逗留,而remain指别人已经走了,而某人仍在原地。,Hestayedatthehotelforthreedays.Onlyafewleavesremained(=werestill)onthetree.树上只剩下几片叶子了。TheSmithsremainedthereallthroughtheyear.史密斯一家人在那里呆了整整一年。Thesoldierswereorderedtoremainwheretheywere.士兵们接到命令呆在原地。,Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen,请看2002年的高考题:,注意:remain作名词时,表示“剩余物”,一般用其复数形式。如:Theremainsofamealcanbegiventoapig.残汤剩饭可以喂猪。TheyfoundsomeremainsoftheTangDynasty.他们发现一些唐代遗物。,remaining是形容词,意为“剩余的”,常作前置定语;而left则只能作后置定语。如:Thereareonly5booksleft.只剩下五本书了。Heboughtmeagiftwiththeremainingmoney.他用剩余的钱给我买了一件礼物。,2)makealife开始新的生活Theygotobigcitiestomakealife.关于life的短语：earn/make/getaliving谋生lead/livea.life过着.的生活,11.BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobecomethethirty-firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.到1850年加利福尼亚被选为美国的第31个州的时候,她已经成为一个多元文化的社会。,“bythetime+从句”作时间状语，若从句用一般过去时,主句常用过去完成时;若从句用一般现在时,主句就用将来完成时。Bythetimehewasfourteenyearsold,hehadlearntmathsallbyhimself.,12.AlthoughChineseimmigrantsbegantoarriveduringtheGoldRushPeriod,itwasthebuildingoftherailnetworkfromthewesttotheeastcoastthatbroughtevenlargernumberstoCaliforniainthe1860s.虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了,但是更大批量的中国移民却是在19世纪60年代为修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。,点拨此句为主从复合句,从句为although引导的让步状语从句,主句为itwas.that强调句,用来强调主语thebuildingof.。如：Itwasbeinginvitedtothepartythatwasagreathonortothefamily.被邀请参加聚会是这家人的荣幸。,练习：,1).Itwaslastnight_Iseethecomet.A.thetimeB.whenC.thatD.which,强调句的结构是:It+be+强调部分+that(who)+主谓句。强调句的连词只有两个，that和who。当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用“who”，其余用that。,2).Itistenyears_MissGreenreturnedtoCanada.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as,考点是连词用法。本题易误选为A.其实本句不是强调句。若是,去掉Itbethat还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉“Itisthat”,只剩下tenyearsMissGreenreturnedtoCanada.不成句。因此本句不是强调句。,13.Inmorerecentdecades,CaliforniahasbecomehometomorepeoplefromAsia,includingKoreans,Cambodians,VietnameseandLaotians.最近几十年,加利福尼亚成了更多亚洲人的家,其中包括韩国人、柬埔寨人、越南人和老挝人。,这是一个简单句。句中有inthepastfewyears,inrecentyears等时间状语时,句子的谓语动词通常用现成完成时，如:Inthepasttenyears,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.另外,including是介词,意为“包括(于之中)”。,14.mix:vt./vi.(combinesothattheycantbeseparated)混合、掺和mixAwithB1)Hemixedredpaintwithyellowpainttomakeorangepaint.2)Itisbettertomixworkwithpleasure.3)Oildoesntmixwithwater.油和水不相交融。,联想记忆：mixture混合物;mixed混合的,复杂的,男女混合的Thecityisamixtureofancientandmodernbuildings.Hearingthenews,Ihadmixedfeelings.Amixedsocietyincludespeopleofdifferentclasses,tastes,etc.,1)Heisfamousfor_Chinesetraditionalmusic_westernperformanceformsandinstruments.2)MissXu_myresultswithsomeoneelses.,mixing,with,mixedup,15.nationality:国籍,民族1)-Whatisyournationality?-ImChinese.2)totakeAmericannationality加入美国国籍,1.Whatn_areyou?IamChinese.2.Onlyafewofthemthoughthighlyoftheplan.The_(大多数)wereagainstit.3.TheTaiwan_(海峡)separatesTaiwanIslandfromthemainland.,I.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示,写出各单词的正确形式。,ationality,majority,Strait,练习坊,4._(移民)inthe1980swasveryhigh.5.Radioandtelevisionareimportantm_ofcommunication.6.Theunemployment_(百分比)keepsrising.7.R_(种族的)conflictsstillexistinmanycountries.,Immigration,eans,percentage,acial,II.根据句意,选择适当的词填空。1.Spanish;Spaina.HechoseGermany,butpersonallyIdprefertogoto_.b.ApartfromEnglish,westudyRussianand_.,Spain,Spanish,2.Mexico;Mexicana.Many_regardtheUnitedStatesasalandofmilkandhoney.b.In_theywereabletolivehighonamoderateincome.,Mexicans,Mexico,3.Danish;Denmarka.Hewasbornin_,buthebecameaBritishcitizenattheageof30.b.Thebodyoflawwasestablishedbythe_invadersandsettlersinnortheasternEnglandintheninthandtenthcenturies.,Denmark,Danish,4.Korean;Koreaa.ThecapitalandthelargestcityofNorth_isinthesouthwest?centralpartofthecountry.b.Weregoingtohaveahistorycourseglancingatthe_conflict.,Korea,Korean,5.Pakistan;Pakistania._speaktheirownlanguage,notEnglish.b.Heisonthewayto_viatheSilkRoute.,Pakistanis,Pakistan,1.Whenyoureceivethisletter,Iwillhaveleftthiscountry._thisletterreachesyou,Iwillbeinanothercountryalready.,III.每空填一词,使该句与所给句子的意思相同或相近。,Bythetime,2.Daybyday,thousandsofbirdsstartedflyingovertohisgardenandsettledthere.Gradually,thegarden_thousandsofbirds.,becamehometo,3.Theyplayedmanysongsandsomeofmyfavoriteswereamongthem.Theyplayedmanysongs,_someofmyfavorites.,including,4.Peopleusedtothinkthattheearthwasflat._thattheearthwasflat.5.Yourelikelytohaveforgottenaboutit._youhaveforgottenaboutit.,Itwasoncethought,Itislikelythat,makealife;bymeansof;declarewaron;inandaround;fightagainst;settlein;keepup;beforcedintodoing1.Hecrossedtheriver_araft.2.Shehopesto_fromwritingchildrensbooks.,IV.用所给词组的适当形式填空。,bymeansof,makealife,3.I_takingataxibecausethelastbushadleft.4.They_theenemybravelytoga