联合国难民署.ppt

1,BookIVUnit3,Refugees,2,I.BackgroundInformation,II.VocabularyBuilding,III.ComprehensionQuestions,IV.SentenceComprehension,V.Assignments,Contents,3,4,I.BackgroundInformation,1UNHCR联合国难民署UNHCRwasfoundedinDesember141950bytheUNAssemblyandstarteditsprograminJanuary11951.UNHCRaimsathelpingthehomelessallovertheworldbyprovidingthelifenecessityastents,food,waterandmedicineatemergentsituations.,5,UNHCRhas6540staffworkersin116countriesandprovideprotectionandassistancefor19.2millionrefugeesandpeopleofconcerned.UNHCRsbudgeisoverUS$1billionannually.,6,I.BackgroundInformation,1.2TheHighCommissioner联合国难民事务高级专员Mr.AntnioGuterres,whojoinedUNHCRonJune15,2005,istheUNrefugeeagencys10thHighCommissioner.He,bornin1949,married,withtwochilren,wasex-primeministerofPortugal.,7,PeopleofconceredbyUNHCR,36%Refugees难民44%Theinternallydisplacedpersons(IDP)国内流离失所者2%Asylum-seekers寻求庇护者9%Statelesspersons无国籍人9%Various其他,8,9,UNHCRGlobalAppeal2009-PopulationsofconcerntoUNHCR,10,11,II.VocabularyBuilding,mandaten.vn.theauthoritytodosth.,giventoagovernmentorotherorganization权利，（政府所获之）授权AmandateisalsothenameofanareaoflandwhichahsbeengiventoacountrybytheUN联合国授权某国管理的托管地Vt.ifyoumandatesth,yougiveofficialpermissionforittohappen颁布、批准Ifsb.ismandatedtodosth,theyareorderedtodoit被命令,12,II.VocabularyBuilding,displacedperson=peoplewhohavehadtoleavetheirhomes,espbecauseofwarorverybadweatherdisplacev.=Tomoveorshiftfromtheusualplaceorposition,especiallytoforcetoleaveahomeland移动位置;尤指迫使离开祖国e.g.数以百万计的难民由于战争而离开家园Millionsofrefugeeswhoweredisplacedbythewar.,13,II.VocabularyBuilding,dislocatev.1)Tothrowintoconfusionordisorder扰乱，使混乱陷入混乱或无秩序e.g.Trafficwasdislocatedbythesnowstorm.暴风雪使交通陷入混乱状态。dislocation:disorder/confusione.g.Thesepoliciescouldcausesevereeconomicandsocialdislocation.2)toforceabonesuddenlyoutofitscorrectposition脱臼e.g.Hedislocatedhisshoulderinthefootballgame.,14,II.VocabularyBuilding,repatriation:repatriate:=tosendorbringsb.backtotheirowncountrye.g.Therefugeeswereforciblyrepatriated.(forcedrepatriation/voluntaryrepatriation),15,II.VocabularyBuilding,provoke=tostirup/incitee.g.Thearticlewasintendedtoprovokediscussionontherefugeeproblems.flight=exodus/ajourneybyalargegroupofpeopletoescapefromahostileenvironment大迁徙fester=tobecomemuchworse愈益恶化,16,II.VocabularyBuilding,degradation=theprocessofsthbeingdamagedormadeworse毁坏，恶化（过程）e.g.ecological/moral生态恶化、道德堕落ethnic=ofanationalorracialgroupofpeople,17,II.VocabularyBuilding,strain:=totrytomakesthdomorethanitisabletodo过度使用；使不堪承受e.g.Hisconstantcomplaintswerestrainingourpatience.他没完没了的抱怨让我们忍无可忍。Thesuddencomingofvisitorsisstraininghotelsinthetowntothelimit.游客突然涌入，城里的旅馆全都爆满。generosity=benevolence/kindness/charity,18,II.VocabularyBuilding,asylum=shelter=protectionthatagovernmentgivestopeoplewhohavelefttheirowncountry,usu.becausetheywereindangerforpoliticalreasons获准政治避难begrantedasylumseal=topreventpeoplefrompassingthroughaplace;shut封锁,19,II.VocabularyBuilding,Integration=theactionofincorporatingaracialorreligiousgroupintoacommunityintegrate=v.tomakesb.becomeacceptedasamemberofasocialgroupe.g.Itisverydifficulttointegrateyourselfintoasocietywhosecultureissodifferentfromyourown.devastate=tocompletelydestroy,20,II.VocabularyBuilding,duplication=makinganexactcopyofsthduplicatev.e.g.Thereisnopointinduplicatingworkalreadydone.Lackofcommunicationbetweenthetwoledtoawastefulduplicationofeffort.fragile=weak,andcanbeeasilydestroyedordamaged;breakable,21,II.VocabularyBuilding,national=n.acitizenofaparticularcountry公民reintegration=rebuild;recovery,22,II.VocabularyBuilding,Ushersth.in=tobethebeginningofsthnew=tomakesthnewbegine.g.Thechangeofmanagementusheredinfreshideasandpolicies.Prospects(pl.)for=possibility开辟广阔的前景usherinbroadprospectsfor,23,II.VocabularyBuilding,animpedimentto=obstacle/somethingthatdelaysorstopstheprogressofsthe.g.Thelevelofinflationisaseriousimpedimenttoeconomicrecovery.rehabilitate=tohelpsbtohaveanormal,usefullifeagainaftertheyhavebeenveryillorinprisonforalongtimeadrugrehabilitationcenter吸毒者康复中心,24,II.VocabularyBuilding,IndiscriminatelyAnIndiscriminateactionisdonewithoutthoughtaboutwhattheresultmaybee.g.beindiscriminateinthechoiceoffriends.tocopyindiscriminatelytheexperienceofothers随处埋藏的地雷,25,II.VocabularyBuilding,militant=peoplewhoareaggressiveandcombativeShiites:AmemberofthebranchofIslam什叶派教徒,26,II.VocabularyBuilding,Theebbandflowofsth/sb.=therepeated,oftenregularmovementfromonestatetoanothere.g.Theebbandflowofmoney资金流动Theebbandflowofthetides/seasons潮水的涨落；季节的交替,27,II.VocabularyBuilding,plight:difficultconditione.g.无家可归者的艰难困苦TheplightofthehomelessHighseas:theseaswhicharenotcontrolledbyanycountryReinstatement:v.reinstate:torestoretoapreviousconditionorposition.bereinstatedinanofficetolostprivileges复职恢复特权e.g.Amonthafterbeingunfairlydismissed,hewasreinstatedinhisjob.,28,II.VocabularyBuilding,deliberate:=doneonpurposeparamilitary:=similartoanarmy,butnotofficialandoftennotlegal准军事的；半军事的Notably:especially,29,II.VocabularyBuilding,Wariness:=cautionBeWaryof:watchful警惕的Bewaryofstrangers.提防陌生人,30,II.VocabularyBuilding,preferably:=morepleasantlyorsuitably;itisbestifyoudothise.g.Youmaycome,preferably,inthemorning.你还是早晨来更好。,31,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Para1.Question1InwhatwaycanUNHCRcarryouttheresponsibilityofthecoremandate?AnswertoQuestion1byprovidinginternationalrefugeeprotectionandbyseekingpermanentsolutionstotheirdislocation,preferablythroughvoluntaryrepatriation.,32,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Para1.Question2WhythoseAfricancountrieswhousedtowelcomeRefugeesarenowreluctanttoacceptthem?AnswertoQuestion2keywords:environmentaldegradation/ethnicimbalance/strainthegenerosityof,33,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Para1.Question3Whatwerethemeasurestakenbythetraditionallywelcomedrefugeescountriestoprohibitrefugeesfromcomingtotheircountries?AnswertoQuestion3Keywords:Zaire/Tanzaniahostto/anasylumcountry/sealtheborder,34,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Para1.Question4HowworsewastherefugeesituationinRwanda?AnswertoQuestion4“MostlyTutsitheformerexilesamovethatcomplicatedthereturnofthenewcaseload.”Keyword:exile/move/caseloadcaseload=thenumberofcaseshandledinagivenperiod工作量、总数量,35,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Para1.Question5WhatagreementhadbeenreachedtosolvetherefugeeproblemsinRwandaandMozambique?TorepatriatetherefugeestotheirhomelandQuestion6WhatsthefocusofUNHCRaftertherefugeeswererepatriated?AnswertoQuestion6Keywords:integration/devastated“Tohelpingtheirlong-termintegrationintoadevastatedcountry.,36,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Para1.Question7HowaboutrefugeesinAngola,Somali,Sudan,Kenya,andLiberia?AnswertoQuestion7Keywords:duplication/afragilepeaceprevailed/nationals/reintegration/usherinprospectsforAnswertothequestion,37,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Para2.Question1WhatsthecurrentsituationforthehumanitariancrisisinAfricanGreatLakesregion?AnswertoQuestion1keywords:provoke/flight/fester,38,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Para3.Question1Whatdoesthesentence“aggressorsandvictimschangedrolesasthewarincreasedthedisplaced-personpopulation”mean?AnswertoQuestion1BothSerbianandCroatianbecamevictimsandhomeless,39,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Para3.Question2WhataretheresultsoftheharshoppressionofRussiatoChechnya?AnswertoQuestion2Manypersons(210,000persons)escapedtotheneighboringcountries.,40,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Para4.Question1InAsia,whichcountryisthelargestrefugeecaseloadofconcerntoUNHCR?WhatdidUNHCRattempttodoinAfghanarea?AnswertoQuestion1Toattempttoencouragerepatriationandreducefurtheroutflowsbyintensifyingitsactivitiesinsaferareas,41,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Question2Whatwasthemajorobstacletorehabilitationandreturn?Answertoquestion2ThepresenceofindiscriminatelysownlandminesKeywords:impediment/rehabilitation/indiscriminately,42,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Question3WhatcausedTurkishKurdrefugeessufferedfurtherdisplacementanduncertainty?AnswertoQuestion3BecauseofthemilitaryoperationbetweenTurkishandsuspectedKurdmilitants.,43,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Question4WhichcountryisthelargestasylumcountryinAsia?Answer-IranQuestion5WhatwasthesituationofSriLankanTamilrefugeesfromsouthernIndia?AnswerKeyword:ebbandflow,44,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Para6Question1WereHaitianstakentothehighseaswillingtoreturntoHaiti?Answertoquestion1InvoluntarilyinmanycasesKeywords:plight/highseas/reinstatement/,45,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Question2WhydidtherepatriationofGuatemalanrefugeesinMexicogoprudently?AnswertoQuestion2Thedeliberatekillingofreturneesbyparamilitarygroupsincreasedthewarinessofpotentialreturneespotentialreturnees.,46,III.ComprehensionQuestions,Para6.Question3WouldwomenthreatenedwithsexualviolencebegrantedasylumundertheguidelinesissuedbytheU.S?Inwhatwaywillthenewguidelinehelpasylumofficers?AnswertoQuestion3Keywords:criteria/gender-baseddiscrimination,47,IV.SentenceComprehension,48,Sentence2,49,Sentence3,InformerYugoslaviaaggressorsandvictimschangedrolesasthewarincreasedthedisplaced-personpopulation.Paraphraseortranslation,50,Sentence4,51,Sentence5,AsAfghanistanremaineddividedintoregionsofrelativepeaceandongoingcombat,UNHCRattemptedtoencouragerepatriationandreducefurtheroutflowsbyintensifyingitsactivitiesinsaferareaswithinthecountry.,52,Sentence6,53,Sentence7,Thenewguidelinesdidnotchangethecriterianeededorrefugeestatusbutrathereducatedasylumofficersaboutgender-baseddiscriminationandprovidedthemwithproceduresandmethodsforevaluatingrefugeestandardsforindividualclaims.,54,V.Assignments,55,AssignmentI: