RNA和RNA组学.ppt

RNA和RNA组学（RNomics)研究进展,Reference:AnexpandinguniverseofnoncodingRNA.2002.Science.296:1260-1263()GlimpsesofatinyRNAworld.2001.Science.294:797-799.Non-codingRNAs:thearchitectsofeukaryoticcomplexity.2001.EMBOReports.2(11):986-991.(),蛋白质编码基因数量,RNA的种类及主要功能,RibosomalRNAs(rRNAs):translationTransferRNAs(tRNAs):translationMessengerRNAs(mRNAs):proteintemplateNoncodingRNAs(ncRNAs):varioustypesandfunctions,mRNA、tRNA、rRNA的功能,多聚核糖体的电镜和示意图,原核生物核糖体的大亚基和小亚基,原核和真核生物的核糖体,原核和真核生物核糖体的装配,原核和真核生物的转录和翻译过程,核糖体的解聚与重新装配,蛋白质的翻译过程,翻译过程中的转位,翻译过程的终止,基因的三联密码表,三联密码子按简并性排列,tRNA中参与氨酰tRNA合成酶的识别因子,酵母丙氨酸tRNA的一级结构,tRNA的氨酰化反应,tRNA的氨酰化反应,TheCompleteAtomicStructureoftheLargeRibosomalSubunitat2.4ResolutionScience.2000.289:905-919.NenadBan,1*PoulNissen,1*JeffreyHansen,1PeterB.Moore,1,2ThomasA.Steitz1,2,31DepartmentofMolecularBiophysicsL,larvalstage;P,pupa;A,adult;S2,Schneider2cells,HumanmiRNAs,AnAbundantClassofTinyRNAswithProbableRegulatoryRolesinCaenorhabditiselegansScience2001294:858-862NelsonC.Lau,LeeP.Lim,EarlG.Weinstein,DavidP.Bartel*WhiteheadInstituteforBiomedicalResearch,andDepartmentofBiology,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,9CambridgeCenter,Cambridge,MA02142,USA.,Fold-backsecondarystructuresinvolvingmiRNAs(red)andtheirflankingsequences(black),UniquesequencefeaturesofthemiRNAs,miRNAclonedFromC.elegans,ExpressionofnewlyfoundmiRNAsandlet-7RNAduringC.elegansdevelopment,AnExtensiveClassofSmallRNAsinCaenorhabditiselegansScience2001294:858-862RosalindC.LeeandVictorAmbros*DartmouthMedicalSchool,DepartmentofGenetics,Hanover,NH03755,USA.,NorthernblotsofsmallRNAtranscripts,MicroRNAgeneproductsinCaenorhabditiselegans,Predictedsecondarystructuresofstem-loopprecursorsofselectedC.elegansmiRNAs,NoncodingRNAs(ncRNAS)SmallnucleolarRNAs(snoRNAs):methylationandpseudouridylationinrRNAofvertebrateswithabout100sitesperribosome;mammaliantelomeraseformation.C/D-boxsnoRNAs;H/ACA-boxRNAsRegulatoryRNAs:XistandroXRNAstmRNA:guidingincompleteproteindegradationinbacteriaSplicesomalsmallnuclearRNAs(snRNAs):U1,U2