一般将来时综合讲义与题库概要.doc

一般将来时 一、一般将来时的定义一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间副词tomorrow, soon或短语next year / week / month, in a few days, in the future, sometime 做状语。如：What will you do this afternoon. 你今天下午干什么？We will have a meeting tomorrow. 我们明天要开会。He is going to study abroad next year. 明年他要出国学习。二、一般将来时的基本用法及构成一般将来时的基本用法是表示单纯的将来事实，由“will / shall + 动词原形”构成：We shall have a lot of rain next month. 下个月将下很多雨。I think she will pass the exam. 我想他考试会及格的。句子结构：一般将来时句子常见有两种句子结构一）、含be动词肯定句：主语+be going to do+其他They are going to play football tomorrow afternoon.他们明天下午打算去踢足球。否定句：主语+be+not+going to do+其他They are not going to play football tomorrow afternoon.他们明天下午不打算去踢足球。一般疑问句：Be+主语+going to do+其他Are they going to play football tomorrow afternoon?他们明天下午打算去踢足球吗？特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to do+其他 What are they going to do tomorrow afternoon?他们明天下午打算去做什么？三、表示将来时间的几种常见方法英语中除了“will /shall+动词原形”表示半来时态外，还可以有以下多种方法：(1) 用“be going to+动词原形”表示。主要表示打算和预测：We are not going to stay there long. 我们不准备在那里多待。(表打算)Im afraid theyre going to lose the game. 恐怕他们会赛输。(表预测)Look, its going to rain. 瞧，要下雨了。(表预见) 注：be going to 后接动词go和come时，通常直接改用ing形态：Where is he going to go? / Where is he going? 他打算到哪里去？(2) 用“be to+动词原形”表示。主要表示按计划或安排即将要发生的动作；有时也表示命令、禁止或可能性：He is to leave for Beijing tomorrow. 他决定明天去北京。Tell him hes not to be back late. 告诉他不准迟回。(3) 用“be about to+动词原形”表示。主要表示即将要发生的事：He is about to leave. 他即将要离开。Sit down, everyone. The film is about to start. 大家坐好，电影马上就要开发始了。注：该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用：误：He is about to leave soon tomorrow.另外，该结构在美国英语中还可表示“打算”(主要用于否定句)：Im not about to lend him any more money. 我不打算再借给他任何钱。(4) 用“be due to+动词原形”表示。主要表示按计划或时间表将要发生某事：He is due to leave very soon. 他很快就要离开。His book is due to be published in October. 他的书计划10月份出版。(5) 用“现在进行时”(即be现在分词)表示。主要表示按计划或安排要发生的事：The students are leaving on Sunday. 学生们星期日出发。Were having a party next week. 我们下星期将开一个晚会。注：该用法有时表示即将发生的动作：Im leaving. 我走了。(6) 用“一般现在时”表示。表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的事：The train leaves at 7:25 this evening. 火车今晚7:25分开。Tomorrow is Wednesday. 明天是星期三。We have a holiday tomorrow. 我们明天放假。注：在表示时间、条件等的状语从句以及某些名词性从句、定语从句等中，也用一般现在时表示将来意义，参见“时态详解：一般现在时”的有关用法。四、三种将来时间表示法的比较(1) “will / shall动词原形”与“be going to 动词原形”两者均可表示将来时间和意图，两者有时可换用：I think itll rain this evening. / I think its going to rain this evening. 我想今晚会下雨。I wont tell you about it. / Im not going to tell you about it. 我不会把这事告诉你的。但有时有差别： 若是强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的，则通常要用be going to；若是表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑，而是在说话的当时才临时想到的，则通常用will。比较：Ann is in hospital. Oh, really? I didnt know. Ill go and visit her. “安住院了。”“啊，真的吗？我还不知道。我要去看看她。” (临时想法，不能用be going to)Ann is in hospital. Yes, I know. Im going to visit her tomorrow. “安住院了。”“我知道，我打算明天去看看她。” (事先考虑的意图，不能用will) 若是有迹象表明要发生某事，通常只用be going to，不用will：Look at those black clouds. Its going to rain. 看那些乌云，要下雨了。 带有时间或条件状语从句的主句通常不宜用be going to，而用will：When he comes back, I will tell him the news. 他回来时我就告诉他这个消息。If he comes back, I will tell him the news. 他若回来我就告诉他这个消息。(2)“be going to+动词原形”与“现在进行时” be going to主要表示主观想法或意图，而现在进行进表示将来则主要已经强调作出的安排。比较：Im going to wash the car if I have time. 若有时间我想洗洗车。(主观想法)Im picking you up at 6; dont forget. 我6点钟来接你，不要忘了。(已作出的安排) 但是当要表示主观无法控制的预测时，通常要用be going to，不能用现在进行时态：Its going to snow before long. 不久会下雪。Things are going to get better soon. 情况很快就会好起来。 当表示坚持要(不要)某人做某事时，两者均可用：Shes taking going to take that medicine whether he likes it or not. 不管她喜欢不喜欢，她都得吃那药。Youre not wearing going to wear that skirt to school. 你不可以穿那条裙子去上学。(3) “be going to+动词原形”与“be to+动词原形”的区别两者均可表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，有时可互换(但be to比be going to正式)： Where are we going to stay tonight? 我们今晚住哪里？Im (going) to play tennis this afternoon. 我打算今天下午打网球。另外，be going to 还可表示预测，即根据已有迹象预测将要发生的动作，此时不能用be to：Look, its going to rain. 看，要下雨了。be going to和will 的区别 be going to和will 的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况，一般情况下能互换。但它们的用法是有区别的。（1）be going to主要用于： 1、表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做的事情。E.g. What are you going to do today? 今天你们打算做什么？ Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon. 今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。 Im going to play the violin. 我打算拉小提琴。Shes going to play the piano. 她打算弹钢琴。 2、表示根据目前某种迹象判断，某事非常有可能发生。E.g.Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 瞧！乌云密集，天要下雨。I am afraid I am going to have a cold. 恐怕我要患重感冒。(2) will主要用于在以下几个方面： 1、表示单纯的未来“将要”通用各个人称。eg:They will go to visit the factory tomorrow. 明天他们将去工厂参观。Ill come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling. 我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。 2、表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。eg:Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 今天是星期六。明天是（将）是星期日。He will be thirty years old this time next year. 明年这个时候他就（将）三十岁。 3、问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令。eg: Will you please turn on the radio? 请打开收音机好吗？Will you go to the zoo with me? 你和我一起去动物园好吗？一般将来是特殊用法：1) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to talk about the report next Saturday.2） be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing. 注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。3）有些表趋向性的动词可用想在进行时表将来：例如：go，come，arrive，fly(飞往)，reach（到达），stay，leave，start, die.如：Im going to go to the zoo this weenend.= Im going to the zoo this weenend. Hes going to leave for Paris.= Hes leaving for Paris.The old man is dying.=The old man will die. 这个老人要去世。专题训练（一）一填空。1、我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2、下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday?I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3、你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4、你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?二、改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定） Nancy _ going to go camping.6. Ill go and join them.（改否定） I _ go _ join them.7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句） _ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30?9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问） _ _ she _ _ _ after school?10. My fathe and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow?三、用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is raining.He _ (go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects.15. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.16. What _ (do) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20. I _ (plan) for my study now.初二下学期英语一般将来时练习题及答案: ( ) 1.There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2.Charlie _ here next month.A. isnt working B. doesnt workingC. isnt going to working D. wont work( ) 3.He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 4.There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 5._ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; willB. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be( ) 6.Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give( ) 7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? _. （不，不要。） A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont. D. No, please.( ) 8. Where is the morning paper? I _ it for you at once.A. get B. am gettingC. to get D. will get( ) 9._ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( ) 10. If they come, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have( ) 11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to give( ) 12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote( ) 13. He _ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back( ) 14. well go roller-skating, If it _ tomorrow. A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine ( ) 15. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? No, _ （不去）.A. they willnt. B. they wont.C. they arent. D. they dont.( ) 16. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?A. will; go B. do; goC. will; going D. shall; go( ) 17. We _ the work this way next time.A. do B. will doC. going to do D. will doing( ) 18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in the park.A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goesC. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match.A. will watching B. watchesC. are watching D. are going to watch( ) 20. There _ a birthday party this Sunday.A. shall be B. will beC. shall going to be D. will going to be( ) 21. They _ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have( ) 22. _ you _ free next Sunday? A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be( ) 23. He _ there at ten tomorrow morning. A. will B. is C. will be D. be( ) 24. _ your brother _ a magazine from the library?A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrowC. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows( ) 25. Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon?_ （好的）.A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will.C. No, please. D. No, you wont.( ) 26. It _ the year of the horse next year.A. is going to be B. is going to C. will be D. is( ) 27. _ open the window? A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you ( ) 28. Lets go out to play football, shall we? OK. I _. A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming( ) 29. It _ us a long time to learn English well. A. takes B. will take C. spends D. will spend( ) 30. The train _ at 11. A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving 练习题1 What time _we meet at the gate tomorrow?A will B shall C do D are2 He will have a holiday as soon as he _the work next week.A finishes B doesnt finish C will finish D wont finish3 There _some showers this afternoon.A will be B will have C is going to be D are going to have4 It _my brothers birthday tomorrow. She _a party.A is going to be; will have B will be; is having C will be; is going to have D will have; is going to be5 Li Ming is 10 years old now, next year he _11.A is B is going to be C will be D will to be（二）、 填空1 -“I need some paper.” - “I _(bring)some for you.”2_(be)you free tomorrow?3 They _(not leave) until you come back.4 _we_(go) to the party together this afternoon?5 They want to know when the meeting _start.6 I _(go) with you if I have time.7 Hurry up! Or we _(be) late.8What _you _(do) tomorrow afternoon?9 Jenny _ _ (do) an experiment the day after tomorrow.10 If she isnt free tomorrow, she _(not take) part in the party. 参考答案1. am, going, to 2. are, you, going, to, do 3. Is, going, to, week, is, is, going, to4. are, going, to 5. isnt 6. wont, or 7. Are, you, going 8. Will, you9. What, is, going, to, do 10. What, are 11. are going to have 12. is going 13. goes, is going 14. watch, catch 15. is, going to do, is going to watch, catch16. did, picked, are you going to do, am going to milk 17. is going to visit18. flew 19. is going to give 20. am planning答案：1. C 2. D 3. D 4.D 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D答案： 1 B 2A 3A 4C 5 C答案： 1 will bring 2 Are 3 wont leave 4Shall go 5 will 6 will go7 will be 8 are going to do 9 will do 10 wont take专题训练（二）( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going to B. will going to beC. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month.A. isnt working B. doesnt workingC. isnt going to working D. wont work( ) 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.A. will be; is B. is; isC. will be; will be D. is; will be( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be( ) 5. _ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will gives B. will giveC. gives D. give( ) 7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?_. （不，不要。）A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent.C. No, please dont. D. No, please.( ) 8. Where is the morning paper? I _ if for you at once.A. get B. am gettingC. to get D. will get( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday?A. There will be B. Will there beC. There can be D. There are( ) 10. If they come, we _ a meeting.A. have B. will haveC. had D. would have( ) 11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A. gives B. gaveC. will giving D. is going to giving( ) 12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there.A. writes B. has writtenC. will write D. wrote( ) 13. He _ in three days.A. coming back B. came backC. will come back D. is going to coming back( ) 14. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating.A. isnt rain B. wont rainC. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine( ) 15. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? No, _ （不去）.A. they willnt. B. they wont.C. they arent. D. they dont.( ) 16. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?A. will; go B. do; goC. will; going D. shall; go( ) 17. We _ the work this way next time.A. do B. will doC. going to do D. will doing( ) 18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in the park.A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goesC. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match.A. will watching B. watchesC. is watching D. is going to watch( ) 20. There _ a birthday party this Sunday.A. shall be B. will beC. shall going to be D. will going to be( ) 21. They _ an English evening next Sunday.A. are having B. are going to haveC. will having D. is going to have( ) 22. _ you _ free next Sunday?A. Will; are B. Will; beC. Do; be D. Are; be( ) 23. He _ there at ten tomorrow morning.A. will B. isC. will be D. be( ) 24. _ your brother _ a magazine from the library?A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrowC. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows( )