本科《综合英语》期末考试试卷及答案.doc

综合英语考试试卷（A卷、闭卷）题号一二三四五六七八九总分得分阅卷人Part I Reading Comprehension (阅读理解) （每小题3分，共15分）Passage One Suppose we built a robot to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No. The robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to cease its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning. According to the evolutionary theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny that sleep provides some important restorative functions. It merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into; it does not protect us from trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in a familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent. The evolutionary theory accounts well for differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival depends on their ability to run away from attackers.1. The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us . A) the differences between robots and men B) the reason why men need to sleep C) about the need for robots to save powerD) about the danger of men working at night2. Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him _. A) maintain a regular pattern of life B) prevent trouble that comes looking for him C) avoid danger and inefficient labor D) restore his bodily functions3. According to the author, we cannot sleep well when we _. A) are worrying about our safety B) are overworked C) are in a tent D) are away from home4. Cats sleep much more than horses do partly because cats _.A) need more time for restoration B) are unlikely to be attackers C) are more active than horses when they are awake D) spend less time eating to get enough energy5. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? . A) Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking. B) The study of sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory. C) Sleeping patterns must be taken into consideration in the designing of robots. D) The sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats.Part II Vocabulary & Structure 词汇和结构（每小题2分，共30分）1.The meetings been canceled. Ann all that work.A. need to do B. need haveC. needt have done D. needed not to do2. It was not until midnight the snow-capped peak. A. that they sighted B. that they did not sight C. did they sight D. had they sighted3. We could him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked for a small flat. A. provide B. have provided C. not provide D. not have provided4. This missile is designed so that once_ nothing can be done to retrieve it. A. fired B. being fired C. they fired D. having fired5. _, he would not have recovered so quickly. A. Hadt he been taken good care of B. Had he not been taken good care of C. Had not he been taken good care of D. Had he been not taken good care of6. How can the boy stand _ like that? A. treating B. be treated C. it treated D. being treated7. I cant imagine anything _ to him. A. happen B. happening C. to happen D. happened8. Mrs. Brown is supposed _ for Italy last week. A. to have left B. to leave C. to be leaving D. to have been left 9. The fishs sense of smell is most _. A. actuated B. accurate C. acute D. active 10. Before going to bed, she _ that the door was locked. A. insured herself B. assured C. assured herself D. insured11. Since most people wouldt like to buy an apartment far away from the city, there are a lot of apartments in this town. A. empty B. blank C. vacant D. bare12. The age of the boys in this class is about 18. A. usual B. common C. average D. ordinary13. Geological oceanographers use echo sounder to the depth of the water. A. figure up B. figure in C. figure on D. figure out14. Since the reform, the countrys economy has been fairly _. A. healthful B. healthy C. well D. health15. Scientists have tried many ways to prevent the nuclear reactions from _ harmful and dangerous radiation. A. giving up B. giving in C. giving to D. giving offPart III Cloze (完形填空)（每小题1.5分，共30分）Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. A language is a signaling system which operates with symbolic vocal sounds (语声), and which is used by a group of people for the purpose of communication. Lets look at this 1 in more detail because it is language, more than anything else, 2 distinguishes man from the rest of the 3 world. Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by 4 of cries: for example, many birds utter 5 calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter 6 cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure. 7 these various means of communication differ in important ways 8 human language. For instance, animals cries do not 9 thoughts and feelings clearly. This means, basically, that they lack structure. They lack the kind of structure that 10 us to divide a human utterance into 11. We can change an utterance by 12 one word in it with 13: a good illustration of this is a soldier who can say, e.g., “tanks approaching from the north”, 14 who can change one word and say “aircraft approaching from the north” or “tanks approaching from the west”; but a bird has a single alarm cry, 15 means “danger!”This is why the number of 16 that an animal can make is very limited: the great tit (山雀) is a case 17 point; it has about twenty different calls, 18 in human language the number of possible utterances is 19 . It also explains why animal cries are very 20 in meaning. （ ）1. A) classification B) definition C)function D)perception（ ）2. A) that B) it C)as D)what（ ）3. A)native B) human C) physical D) animal（ ）4. A) ways B) means C) methods D) approaches（ ）5. A) mating B) exciting C) warning D) boring（ ）6. A) identical B) similar C) different D) unfamiliar（ ）7. A) But B)Therefore C) Afterwards D) Furthermore（ ）8. A) about B) with C) from D) in（ ）9. A) infer B) explain C) interpret D) express（ ）10.A) encourages B) enables C) enforces D) ensures（ ）11. A) speeches B) sounds C) words D)voices（ ）12.A) replacing B) spelling C) pronouncing D)saying（ ）13. A)ours B) theirs C) another D) others（ ）14. A)so B) and C) but D)or（ ）15. A)this B)that C)which D)it（ ）16. A)signs B)gestures C)signals D)marks（ ）17. A)in B)at C) of D)for（ ）18. A) whereas B) since C) anyhow D)somehow（ ）19. A) boundless B) changeable C) limitless D) ceaseless（ ）20. A) ordinary B) alike C) common D) generalPart IV Translation (翻译)（每小题5分，共25分） 1. 我们比任何时候都坚信，改革开放的政策是正确的。 2. 他利用这位老人对他的信任，向老人“借”了5000块钱。 3. 越来越多的人厌倦了都市的喧嚣，向往乡间的宁静生活。 4. 看见火车轰隆隆向他开过来，他即刻作出的反应是跳离铁轨，可他 的双腿却不听