2016年建设银行招聘考试模拟试题英语部分.doc

中国建设银行招聘考试模拟试题英语部分第三部分英语部分Passage1Overthepastdecade,Americancompanieshavetriedhardtofindwaystodiscourageseniorfromfeatheringtheirownnestsattheexpenseoftheirshareholders.Thethreemostpopularreformshavebeenrecruitingmoreoutsidedirectorsinordertomakeboardsmoreindependent,linkingbossespaytovariousperformancemeasures,andgivingbossesshareoptions,sothattheyhavethesamelong-terminterestsastheirshareholders.ThesereformshavebeenwidelyadoptedbyAmericanslargercompanies,andsurveyssuggestthatmanymorecompaniesarethinkingoffollowingtheirlead.Buthavetheydoneanygood?ThreepaperspresentedattheannualmeetingoftheAcademyofManagementinBostonthisweeksuggestnot.Asisusuallythecasewithboardroomtinkering,theconsequenceshavedifferedfromthoseintended.Startwiththoseindependentboards.Onthefaceofit,dismissingthebosssfriendsfromtheboardandreplacingthemwithoutsiderslooksaperfectwaytomakeseniormanagersmoreaccountable.ButthatisnottheconclusionofastudybyProfessorJamesWestphal.Instead,hefoundthatbosseswithaboardroomfullofoutsidesspendmuchoftheirtimebuildingalliances,doingpersonalfavorsandgenerallypleasingtheoutsiders.Alltoooften,theseseductionssucceed.Mr.Westphalfoundthat,toaremarkabledegree,“independent”boardspursuestrategiesthatarelikelytofavorseniormanagersratherthanshareholders.Suchcompaniesdiversifytheirbusiness,increasethepayofexecutivesandweakenthelinkbetweenpayandperformance.Toassesstheimpactofperformancerelatedpay,Mr.Westphalaskedthebossesof103companieswithsalesofover$1billionwhatmeasurementswereusedtodeterminetheirpay.Themeasurementsvariedwidely,rangingfromsalestoearningspershare.Buttheresearchersbigdiscoverywasthatbossesattendtomeasuresthataffecttheirownincomesandignoreorplaydownotherfactorsthataffectacompanysoverallsuccess.Inshort,bossesarequicktoturneveryimaginablesystemofcorporategovernmenttotheiradvantagewhichisprobablywhytheyarethepeoplewhoareputinchargeofthings.Hereisaparadoxforthemanagementtheorists:anybosswhocannotbeatasystemdesignedtokeephimundercontrolisprobablynotworthhaving.1.Whatisthepurposeofthelargecompaniesinrecruitingoutsidersandputtingthemontheboardofdirectors?A)Todiversifythebusinessofthecorporation.B)Toenhancethecooperationbetweentheseniormanagersandtheboarddirectors.C)Tointroduceeffectivereformsinbusinessmanagement.D)Toprotecttheinterestsoftheshareholders.2.WhatdoesProfessorJamesWestphalsstudysuggest?A)Boardroomreformshavefailedtoachievethedesiredresult.B)Outsideboarddirectorstendtobemoreindependent.C)Withaboardroomfullofoutsiders,seniormanagersworkmoreconscientiously.D)Cooperationbetweenseniormanagersandboarddirectorssufferedfromthereforms.3.Theword“seduction”(Line1,Para.4)probablymeans“”.A)effortstoconquerB)attemptstowinoverC)endeavorstoincreaseprofitsD)exertionstounderstand4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A)Corporateexecutivesingeneralareworththehighpaytheyreceive.B)Theincomeofcorporateexecutivesisproportionaltothegrowthofcorporateprofits.C)Corporateexecutivestendtotakeadvantageoftheirpositiontoenrichthemselves.D)Theperformanceofcorporateexecutivesaffectstheirowninterestsmorethanthoseoftheshareholders.5.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouttheeffortstocontrolseniorexecutives?A)Doubtful.B)Optimistic.C)Positive.D)Approving.Passage2U.S.collegestudentsareincreasinglyburdenedwithcreditcarddebt,accordingtoastudyreleasedTuesday,andtheconsequencescanbeserious-rangingfromhigherdrop-outratestofutureemploymentproblemsandevensuicide.Basedonhundredsofface-to-faceinterviewsandsurveyswithstudents,sociologistRobertManningofGeorgetownUniversityconcludedboththenumberwithcreditcarddebtandtheirindebtednesshadbeensystematicallyunderreportedinpreviousstudieswhichfailedtoreflectthesurvivalstrategiesmanyusedtocopewiththeirdebts.Theseincludedtheuseoffederalstudentloanstopayoffcreditcards,effectivelyshiftingthedebt,appealstoparentsforloans,cuttingbackoncourseworktoincreasetimeatpaidjobs,orevendroppingoutaltogethertoworkfulltime.Officialdrop outratesincludegrowingnumbersofstudentswhoareunabletocopewiththestressoftheirdebtsand/orparttimejobsforservicingtheircreditcards,thestudysaid.Eventhen,debtscanhauntstudents.Studentcreditcarddebtsareincreasinglyscrutinizedduringtherecruitmentprocessandmaybeanimportantfactorinevaluatingprospective.employee,itnoted.Andthestresscanalsomanifestinfarmoretragicways.JanneODonnells2g-year-oldson,ajuniorattheUniversityofOklahoma,committedODonnellandManningagreedstudentsshouldbearsomeresponsibilityforrecklessuseofcredit,butsaidcreditcardcompaniesalsohadtobeheldaccountableformakingitsoeasyforthemtogetintodebt.Manningsaidoneofthemostdisturbingaspectsofthestudentcreditcardissuewastheseductionofcollegeanduniversityadministratorsbythecreditcardindustry.Cardissuersweresponsoringschoolprograms,fundingactivitiesandevenenteringintobusinesspartnershipswithschoolsinvolvingcollege-brandedaffinitycards,hesaid.Asaresult,ratherthanprotectingtheeconomicandeducationalinterestsoftheirstudents,collegeadministratorsareplayinganactiveandoftendisingenuousroleinpromotingtheprominenceofcreditcardsincollegiatelife.1.WhichisNOToneofthestrategiesAmericanstudentsmayusetodealwiththeircreditcarddebt?A)Usefederalstudentloans.B)Seekpart-timejobstogetmoney.C)Promotetheprominenceofcreditcards.D)Askparentstohelpthempaythedebt.2.WhichmayNOTbetheconsequenceofstudentscreditcarddebt?A)Highdrop-outrates.B)Enterintobusinesspartnershipswithschools.C)Commitsuicide.D)Futureemploymentproblems.3.Whoshouldbeleastcriticizedfornegativeconsequencesofstudentscreditcarddebtaccordingtothepassage?A)Parents.B)Studentsthemselves.C)Collegeanduniversityadministrators.D)Creditcardissuers.4.Themainideaofthispassageis_.A)negativeconsequencesofstudentsusingcreditcardB)collegeadministratorsareplayingtheirproperrolesinpromotingcreditcardsC)cardissuersorcollegeadministratorspromotedcreditcardD)reasonsforhighdrop-outratesinuniversities5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_.A)studentsshouldnothavepart-timejobsB)creditcardsshouldnotbeusedC)ifthereisnocreditcard,collegestudentsmaynotcommitsuicideD)collegestudentsshouldlearntowiselymanagetheirpersonalfinancesPassage3InthefirstyearorsoofWebbusiness,mostoftheactionhasrevolvedaroundeffortstotaptheconsumermarket.Morerecently,astheWebprovedtobemorethanafashion,companieshavestartedtobuyandsellproductsandserviceswithoneanother.Suchbusiness-to-businesssalesmakesensebecausebusinesspeopletypicallyknowwhatproducttheyrelookingfor.However,manycompaniesstillhesitatetousetheWebbecauseofdoubtsaboutitsreliability.Businessesneedtofeeltheycantrustthepathwaybetweenthemandthesupplier,sayssenioranalystBlaneErwinofForresterResearch.Somecompaniesarelimitingtheriskbyconductingonlinetransactionsonlywithestablishedbusinesspartners.AnothermajorshiftinthemodelforInternetcommerceconcernsthetechnologyavailableformarketing.Untilrecently,Internetmarketingactivltie8havefocusedonstrategiestopullcustomersintosites.Inthepastyear,however,softwarecompanieshavedevelopedtoolsthatallowcompaniestopushinformationdirectlyouttocustomers,transmittingmarketingmessagesdirectlytotargetedcustomers.Mostnotably,thePointcastNetworkusesascreensavertodeliveracontinuallyupdatedstreamofnewsandadvertisementstosubscriberscomputermonitors.SubscriberscancustomizetheinformationtheywanttoreceiveandproceeddirectlytoacompanysWebsite.CompaniessuchasVirtualVineyardsarealreadystartingtousesimilartechnologiestopushmessagestocustomersaboutspecialsales,productoffering,orotherevents.ButpushtechnologyhasearnedthecontemptofmanyWebusers.Inlineculturethinkshighlyofthenotionthattheinformationflowingontothescreencomestherebyspecificrequest.Oncecommercialpromotionbeginstofillthescreenuninvited,thedistinctionbetweentheWebandtelevisionfades.ButitishardlyinevitablethatcompaniesontheWebwillneedtoresorttopushstrategiestomakemoney.TheexamplesofVirtualVineyards,Amazon:comandotherpioneersshowthataWebsitesellingtherightkindofproductswiththerightmixofinteractivity,hospitality,andsecuritywillattractonlinecustomers.Andthecostofcomputingpowercontinuestofall,whichisagoodsignforanyenterprisesettingupshopinsilicon.Peoplelookingback5or10yearsfromnowmaywellwonderwhysofewcompaniestooktheonlineplunge.1.WelearnfromthebeginningofthetextthatWebbusinesses_.A)hasbeenstrivingtoexpanditsmarketB)intendedtofollowafancifulfashionC)triedbutinvaintocontrolthemarketD)hasbeenboomingforoneyearorso2.Speakingoftheonlinetechnologyavailableformarketing,theauthorimpliesthat_.A)thetechnologyispopularwithmanyWebusersB)businesseshavefaithinthereliabilityofonlinetransactionsC)thereisaradicalchangeinstrategyD)itisaccessiblelimitedlytoestablishedpartners3.InviewofNetpurists,_.A)thereshouldbenomarketingmessagesinonlinecultureB)moneymakingshouldbegivenprioritytoontheWebC)theWebshouldbeabletofunctionasthetelevisionsetD)thereshouldbenoonlinecommercialinformationwithoutrequests4.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthat_.A)pushinginformationontheWebisessentialtoInternetcommerceB)interactivity,hospitalityandsecurityareimportanttomarketingC)leadingcompaniesbegantotaketheonlineplungedecadesagoD)settingupshopsinsiliconisindependentofthecostofcomputingpower5.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthetextisto_.A)urgeactiveparticipationinonlinebusinessB)elaborateonvariousmarketingstrategiesC)compareWebbusinesswithtraditionalcommerceD)illustratethetransitionfromthepushtopullstrategy答案解析 Passage11.【答案】D。解析：D细节理解题解题依据为本文第一段第一、二句Overthepastdecade,Americancompanieshavetriedhardtofindwaystodiscourageseniorfromfeatheringtheirownnestsattheexpenseoftheirshareholders.Thethreemostpopularreformshavebeenrecruitingmoreoutsidedirectorsinordertomakeboardsmoreindependent.此句大意为:在过去的十年里,美国公司力图寻求方法以阻止资深管理者以牺牲股东利益为代价损公肥私的行为。为此采取了最流行的三种改革措施，如招录外来董事以使董事会更加独立。由此我们可推知招录外来董事的目的是为了保护股东的利益。其中tofeathertheirownnests意为构筑自己的窝；attheexpenseoftheirshareholders意为以股东的利益为代价。2.【答案】A。解析：A细节推论题文章第二段最后一句theconsequenceshavedifferedfromthoseintended表明改革的结果是事与愿违，这是一个总的结论。第三、四、五段是具体说明，主要是引用了Westphal的调查结果。因此，本题答案应当是A。3.【答案】B。解析：B词义判断题文章第三段最后讲外来董事会的老板们会花很多时间建立联盟,施惠于个人以讨好外来董事,第四段开始接着说这些手段通常是成功的,由此我们可以推知老板的这些手段是为了争取外来董事而结成联盟,进而可推知B正确。4.【答案】C。解析：C细节判断题本题可用排除法。选项A(公司高层应拿高薪)文章未提及;选项B(公司高层的收入与公司增长的利润成比例)也未提及;选项D(公司高层的表现比那些股东更会影响其自身利益)文章同样未提及;选项C(公司高层倾向于利用其地位肥己)与文章第五段最后一句所述之意相符。5.【答案】A。解析：A观点态度题纵观全文,作者所述三项改革举措并未收到预期的效果,反而适得其反,事与愿违,由此我们可判断作者对其最终的结果显然持怀疑态度，故正确答案为A,B选项(乐观的)、C选项(肯定的)和D选项(赞成的)均排除。Passage21.【答案】C。解析：C细节题。文中第二段提及“Theseincludedtheuseoffederalstudentloanstopayoffcreditcards，effectivelyshiftingthedebt，appealstoparentsforloans，cuttingbackoncourseworktoincreasetimeatpaidjobs，orevendroppingoutaltogethertoworkfulltime”，因此，正确答案为C项。选项C是collegeadministrators从事的活动，不是美国学生。2.【答案】B。解析：B细节题。文中开篇提到“theconsequencescanbeserious-rangingfromhigherdrop-outratestofutureemploymentproblemsandevensuicide”，最后一段谈到“Cardissuersweresponsoringschoolprograms，fundingactivitiesandevenenteringintobusinesspartnershipswithschools”，由此可以看出选项B是cardissuers从事的活动，而不是美国学生，更不是使用creditcard的后果。因此，正确答案为B项。3.【答案】A。解析：A细节题。文末倒数第二句、第三句中提到了“students，cardcompanies，universityadministrators”都应该为信用卡负面影响负责。因此，正确答案为A项。4.【答案】A。解析：A主旨题。本文首句即提到“UScollegestudentsareincreasinglyburdenedwithcreditcarddebt”，第二段主旨是“growingnumbersofstudentswhoareunabletocopewiththestressoftheirdebtsand/orparttimejobsforservicingtheircreditcards”。第三段讲“debtscanhauntstudents”，最后一段主要讲述“whoshouldanswerforthenegativeconsequences”。因此，正确答案为A项。5.【答案】D。解析：D推断题。文章主要讲述学生使用信用卡的负面影响，但