新人教版选修七 Unit3 Under the sea-Grammar课件.ppt

Youarenotalone,Unit3Underthesea,SectionGrammar,Thepassiveingform,We,like,Michael/hissongs,Lucy.Water.theflowers,这样考过1.一般现在时：Youareorderedtodoit.(南京调研)Thetemperaturewillfallsharplythedayaftertomorrow，whenasnowstorm_tostrikeourarea.A.expectsBhasexpectedC.isexpectedDwillbeexpected解析：句意：届时会有暴风雪。beexpectedto“预计会做某事”。答案：C,2.(皖西四校)_isknowntousisthatthe2016OlympicGames_inBrazil.AWhat;willbeheldBIt;willholdCAs;isheldDWhich;holds,解析：由句意知空中应填一个引导主语从句的连接词，并作句子的主语；由句中的时间2016年知表将来，且OlympicGames与hold之间为被动关系。综上选A。答案：A,3.(湖南)Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent？Theweatherreport_andIwanttolisten.A.isbroadcastBisbeingbroadcastC.hasbeenbroadcastDhadbeenbroadcast解析：句意：请安静一下好吗？正广播天气预报呢，我想听听。根据句意，该空考查的是现在进行时的被动语态。答案：B,4.(全国)Hissisterlefthomein1998，and_since.AhadnotbeenheardofBhasnotbeenheardofChadnotheardofDhasnotheardof,解析：句意：他妹妹在1998年离开家，从那以后就没了音讯。根据句意，指的是过去离开以后，到现在一直没音讯，故用现在完成时；hearof与hissister在本句中为被动关系，故用被动语态，所以选B。答案：B,5.(郑州预测)Idlikeapenwhich_well.Willthisone_？Awrites;helpBwrites;doCiswritten;workDiswritten;help解析：考查动词的语态和动词辨析。第一空表示“一支好用的钢笔”，用主动语态而不用被动，因此空白处填writes。答语说：这支笔可以吗？表示“行，可以”用动词do。答案：B,6.(北京五中)Ourhousehasreachedthepointwheresomanythingsneed_anditssohardtofindthetimetofixthem.AtodoupBdoingupCtoputupDputtingup答案：B,Hewasmade_yesterday.AcryBtocryCcryingDtobecried答案：B,7.(重庆诊断)Whatswrongwithyourleg?It_inacaraccident.AhasbeenhurtBgothurtChurtDhurts解析：考查谓语动词的时态和语态。答语意为：在一次车祸中受伤了。主语It即指myleg，为谓语动词动作的承受者，因此需要用被动语态；车祸发生在过去，因此应用一般过去时。这里gothurtwashurt。答案：B,8.(2011北京高考)Itsimportantforthefigures_regularly.A.tobeupdatedB.tohavebeenupdatedC.toupdateD.tohaveupdated【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词作主语。句意:这些数据定期更新是很重要的。figures与update为动宾关系，故用被动结构，排除选项C和D。定期(regularly)更新为一般式动作，而不是先于某个动作发生，故不用不定式的完成式，排除B，故答案为A项。,用v.-ing的适当形式完成下列句子，并指出所填部分在句中的作用。1.IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidntlike_(等人).(_)2.Aswedrewcloser,Icouldseeawhale_(被攻击)byapackofaboutsixotherkillers.(_),beingkeptwaiting,beingattacked,作宾语,作宾补,3._(受伤严重)，thewhalesoondied.(_)结论:以上所填部分均为v.-ing形式的_。表示v.-ing形式的逻辑主语是该动作的承受者。,Beingbadlywounded,作状语,被动式,(not)doing,(not)beingdone,(not)havingdone,(not)havingbeendone,一、形式：,二、用法：V-ing主动式形式可作主语、宾语、表语;定语、状语和宾语补足语，但不能单独作谓语。被动式也一样。其一般被动式(not)beingdone表示一个被动的动作正在进行或与谓语的动作同时发生其完成被动式(not)havingbeendone表示被动的动作发生在谓语表示的动作之前,V-ing的用法：,1.作主语Swimmingisgoodforhealth._(raise)yourhattoaaladyisgoodmanners.对一位女士脱帽致敬是礼貌的。_(kill)bysharksintheseaisacommonthing.,Raising,Beingkilled,注意,Itsnouse/nogood/nice/fundoingsthItsawasteoftime/agoodpleasuredoingsthit作形式主语,只用V-ing,不用不定式Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收Itis+adj.+(forsb)todosthItisawasteoftime_(talk)tohim.Itisimportantforme_(learn)English.,talking,tolearn,注意：动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。如：Playingwithfireisdangerous.（泛指玩火）Toplaywithfirewillbedangerous.（指一具体动作）,Practice1.-WhatmadeBillsoangry?-_.Hisgirlfriendpromisedtocomeat8:30,butshehasntcomeyet.A.HavingkeptwaitingB.BeingkeptwaitingC.TobekeptwaitingD.Beingkeptwaited,B,2.作宾语V-ing形式既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语。Wewouldappreciatehearingfromyou我们会珍惜你的来信。Thebirdescaped_(catch).Ifeellike_(join)thearmy.Hewasafraidof_(abandon)byus.,beingabandoned,beingcaught,joining,注意：在avoid,admit,appreciate,consider,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forgive,imagine,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,giveup,putoff,feellike,insiston,insteadof,lookforwardto,objectto,keepon等后只接V-ing形式作宾语。,在want，need，require，deserve等表示动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义。Yourcarneedsfilling.你这车要充气了。Thiscitydeservesvisiting.这座城市值得光顾一下。Theproblemrequiresstudyingcarefully.这个问题需要认真研究。Thetreeswantwatering.这些树需要浇水了。,注意：,在（be）worth后面只能用动词-ing的主动态来表示被动意义。Hissuggestionisworthconsidering.Thebookisworthreading.,注意,2.Thesentencewants_oncemore.A.toexplainB.explainingC.beingexplainedD.tobeexplainedit,Exercises,1.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed_.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch,3.Shelookedforwardto_toHainanthisyear.A.betakenB.beingtakenC.TakingD.havingbeentaken4.Didyouenjoyyourselflastnight?Itsveryniceofyou.Iappreciated_totheparty.A.tobeinvitedB.tohaveinvitedC.beinginvitedD.havingbeeninvited5.Whileweredevelopingagricultureandindustry,wemustpreventtheearth_.A.frompollutingB.pollutedC.pollutingD.beingpolluted,3.作表语(往往表示一种概念，习惯或经验，或说明主语的内容.)Teachingislearning.教学相长Myhobbyis_(make)modelplanes.Herregretis_(abandon)byhim.,making,beingabandoned,V-ing形式和不定式都要有对称性;当主语是不定式时，表语也用不定式；反之，当主语是V-ing形式时，表语也用V-ing形式。Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.,注意,4.作定语Thegirlstandingthereismysister.Thisisapieceof_(surprise)news.Theproblem_(discuss)nowisveryimportant.Thefarmers_(work)inthefieldsaretired.,surprising,beingdiscussed,working,动词-ing形式的被动式与过去分词的区别,Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowinourschoolisalibrary.Thebuildingbuiltlastmonthinourschoolsialibrary.动词-ing形式的被动式表示被动进行；过去分词表示被动完成。,【想一想】v.-ing形式的被动式作定语与过去分词和不定式的被动式作定语有什么区别？【拓展延伸】v.-ing形式的被动式表示一个被动的动作正在进行；过去分词表示一个被动的动作已经发生；不定式的被动式表示将来的一个被动的动作。ameetingbeingheldnow现在正在召开的会议ameetingheldyesterday昨天召开的一个会议ameetingtobeheldtomorrow明天将会召开的会议,5.作状语Hearingthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.Hesatatthetable,_(read)ChinaDaily._(ask)toanswerthequestion,shecouldntrefuse._(ask)togiveaspeech,Ipractiseditawholeweek.,reading,Havingbeenasked,Beingasked,-Ving一般时和一般被动形式;Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindfromtimetotime.2)Beingaskedtogiveaperformance,shecouldntverywellrefuse.,V-ing的完成时和完成被动形式,Havinglitacandle,shewentout.2)Havingbeenaskedtostay,Icouldntleave.3)Havingheardthis,ourteacherexpressedhersatisfaction.,-ing一般被动形式和完成被动形式,Beingaskedtogiveaperformance,shecouldntverywellrefuse.Bingasked表示和句子主语she之间是被动系，和主句谓语动词refuse的动作几乎同时发生。2)Havingbeenaskedtostay,Icouldntleave.Havingbeenasked表示和句子主语I之间是被动关系，且先于主句谓语动词leave发生。,Themeetingbeingover,wealllefttheroomanddrovehome.会议结束后，我们都离开房间开车走了。,在绝大数情况下，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，但有时前可有一个名词或代词表示其逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的称为独立主格结构。,Itbeingaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。,6.作宾语补足语:Isawpeoplecomingandgoinginthestreet.Iheardher_(sing)asonginherroom.Youllfindthetopic_(discuss)everywherenow.,beingdiscussed,singing,1.(2009陕西高考)Istillremember_totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.A.totakeB.tobetakenC.takingD.beingtaken,【思路分析】(1)句意:我仍记得被带着去过法门寺和在那里看到的一切。(2)句子中remember缺少宾语，而其后跟v.-ing形式作宾语。(3)句子中的主语I和take之间为动宾关系，故用v.-ing形式的被动式。(4)beingtaken为v.-ing形式的被动式，作remember的宾语。【答案】D。,2.(2009四川高考)_manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.A.ToldB.TellingC.HavingtoldD.Havingbeentold,【思路分析】(1)句意:给他讲了许多遍之后他终于明白了。(2)分析句子结构可知，句子的主语he与tell之间为动宾关系。(3)tell这一动作发生在谓语动作understand之前，故用其完成形式。(4)Havingbeentold为v.-ing形式的完成被动式，符合语境和句意。【答案】D。,通过对前面高考题的分析，同学们掌握了基本的做题思路了吗？请试着做下面的题目吧！3.(2010浙江高考)Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand_lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.A.beingweighedB.toweighC.weighedD.weighing,【解析】选D。句意:交通法则规定四岁以下并且体重不超过四十磅的婴儿必须坐在婴儿安全座上。says之后为宾语从句。动词weigh与其逻辑主语children是主动关系，所以选择weighing。,4.(2011四川高考)_animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasgotachancetobecomefamous.A.OfferB.OfferingC.OfferedD.Tooffer【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意:在新电影中，安迪被给予了一个重要角色，获得了出名的机会。Andy与动词offer是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词表被动，故选C。,动词-ing形式的用法回顾,用法1用法2用法3,Practice:、Fillintheblanks:_(turn)totheright,youwillfindtheplaceyouwant.(状语)2._(ask)toputonperformance,sherefused.3._(finish)hiswork,Henrywenthome.4._(learn)newwordsisuseful.（主语）,Turning,Beingasked,Havingfi