Edgar Allan Poe 介绍.ppt

(January19,1809October7,1849),埃德加爱伦坡,EdgarAllanPoe,EdgarAllanPoe,ThisdaguerreotypeofPoewastakenin1848whenhewas39,ayearbeforehisdeath,Born:January19,1809)Boston,Massachusetts,U.S.Died:October7,1849)(aged40)Baltimore,Maryland,U.S.Nationality:AmericanSpouse(s):VirginiaElizaClemmPoe,Achievements,EdgarAllanPoewasanAmericanauthor,poet,editorandliterarycritic,consideredpartoftheAmericanRomanticMovement.Bestknownforhistalesofmysteryandthemacabre,PoewasoneoftheearliestAmericanpractitionersoftheshortstoryandisconsideredtheinventorofthedetectivefictiongenre.Heisfurthercreditedwithcontributingtotheemerginggenreofsciencefiction.Hewasthefirstwell-knownAmericanwritertotrytoearnalivingthroughwritingalone,resultinginafinanciallydifficultlifeandcareer.,LifeExperience,Poeschildhood:HewasborninBoston,bothparentsdiedwithintwoyearsafterhisbirth,takenintothehomeofJohnAllaninVirginia,hadanunhappyrelationshipwithhisfosterfatherPoesyouth:HeattendedtheUniversityofVirginiaforonesemesterbutleftduetolackofmoney.,LifeExperience,Astrugglingwriter:aIn1831,Hesubmittedstoriestomanyofmagazinesandtheywereallrejected.bIn1835,Edgarfinallygotajobasaneditorofanewspaper.cIn1840,hestartedhiswritingcareerandpublishedhisfirstdetectivestory.dIn1843,Hetriedtostartamagazinebutfailedandhecouldbarelymakealiving.,LifeExperience,Finaldays:aHiswifediedin1847,10daysafterhisbirthday.bAfterlosinghiswife,Poecollapsedfromstressandwasalsoinpoorhealth.cHediedinOctober7,1849withsomeuncertainreasons.,LifeExperience,amiserablechildhood,wasadoptedbyJohnAllan,anunhappyrelationship,enteredtheUniversitybutdidntfinishwenttoWestPointbutwasdismissed,at27hemarriedhis13-year-oldcousin,herdeathin1847lefthimabittererlife,diedinmysteriouscircumstances,in1849,Mainworks,Gothic（歌特）story（哥特式小说的意义首先在于：它虽然采取了不合理的怪诞形式，还是企图反映正在形成的资本主义社会纠缠不清的复杂现实。它对继起的文学作品的影响正和这一点有关系。神秘、怪诞、痛苦的恐怖，以及其他类似的特点，在浪漫主义作家的作品中得到发展。他们继承了恐怖神秘小说所包含的社会批判的成分，并且把它们深刻化。他们也采用了以哲学理解来处理怪诞成分的手法。”阿尼克斯特英国文学史纲）DetectivestoryPoetry,GothicStoryaTheMasqueoftheRedDeath（红死病的假面舞会）bTheFalloftheHouseofUsher（厄舍古厦的倒塌）cTheAngeloftheOdd（奇怪天使）dTheDevilintheBelfry（钟楼魔影）eTheOvalPortrait(椭圆形画像）fTheManThatWasUsedUp（被用光的人）gKingPest（瘟疫王）,DetectiveStory,aThouArttheMan（你就是凶手）bThePurloinedLetter(被窃之信)cTheMysteryofMarieRoget(玛丽罗杰疑案)dTheMurdersintheRueMorgue(莫格街谋杀案)fTheGold-Bug(金甲虫)gTheOblongBox（长方形箱子）,Poetry,aToHelen(致海伦)bToOneinParadise（致乐园中的一位）cTheSleeper(睡美人)dTheValleyofUnrest(不安的山谷)fTheCityintheSea(海中之城)gSilence,aSonnet(十四行诗）静hTheRaven（乌鸦）,IIIHistoricalposition,(I)HeisoneofthemostfamousAmericanPoets,fictionistsandliteraturecritics.(II)Heisoneoftheforefathersofdetectivestory,sciencefiction,horrorfiction,andthemasterofshortGothicstory.(III)HehaveprofoundinfluenceonmanywriterssuchasConanDoyle(柯南.道尔）,EdogawaRampo(江户川乱步）andsoon.(IIII)EdgarAllanPoe（埃德加.爱伦坡）sharethereputationwithAnnBrucebulls(安布鲁斯布尔斯)andHowardPhillipsLovecraft（洛夫克拉夫特）asthemostfamousthreehorrorfictionists.,ashortstorywriterapoetacritic,thegreatestjournalisticcriticofhistime“(ShawsevaluationofPoesachievement),hispoetryis“exquisitelyrefined“(精致优雅),histalesarecompleteworksofart,Poeisagreatwriteroffiction,apoetofthefirstrank,andacriticofinsight,Histheoryforshortstory-clarity,1.Theshortstorymustbeofsuchlengthastobereadatonesitting(brevity),soastoensurethetotalityofimpression.2.Theveryfirstsentenceoughttohelptobringoutthe“singleeffect”ofthestory.3.Nowordshouldbeusedwhichdoesnotcontributetothe“pre-established”designofthework(compression).4.Ataleshouldrevealsomelogicaltruthwith“thefullestsatisfaction”andshouldendwiththelastsentence,leavingasenseoffinalitywiththereader.(acertaindecision某种结局）Shortstoryshouldbeofbrevity,totality,singleeffect,compression(压缩)andfinality.,Histheoryofpoetry,1.Hispoetictheoriesareremarkableintheirclarity.2.Thepoemshouldbeshort,readableatonesitting(oraslongas“TheRaven”).3.Itschiefaimisbeauty,namely,toproduceafeelingofbeautyinthereader，topureonessoul.4.Melancholyisthemostlegitimateofallthepoetictones.5.Poetrydoesnothavetoinculcateamoral.6.Theartistryofthepoemliesnotinwhatisbeingsaidbutinwhatwayitissaid.(formissuperiortocontent)7.stressesmusicalqualityofverseanddefinestruepoetryas“rhythmicalcreationofbeauty.”,Influence,PoeandhisworksinfluencedliteratureintheUnite