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酒店 预订 管理 系统 设计

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酒店预订管理系统设计,酒店,预订,管理,系统,设计

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华科学院HUAKE INSTITUTE OF TAIYUAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 毕业设计（论文）题目：学 生 姓 名 _朱晋熠 _学 号 201022040235 班 级 信息管理102202H 所属院（系）计算机科学与技术系 指 导 教 师 田璟霞 2011 年 6 月 1 日 毕业设计（论文）任务书题目：酒店预订管理系统任务与要求： 通过对酒店管理系统的设计，不仅对酒店管理的流程有了清晰的印象， 在设计过程中，对数据库的知识有了更深了解，同时也对网页设计和 JAVA也有了一定的了解。使自身的知识水平得到了很大提高。时间： 2014 年 4 月 1 日 至 2014 年 6月 1 日 共 10 周学习中心：（或办学单位）太原科技大学华科学院学生姓名：朱晋熠 学 号：201022040235专业： 信息管理与信息系统指导单位或教研室：华科学院计算机部指导教师：田璟霞 职 称： 讲师 2014 年 6 月 1日摘 要华科学院计算机科学与技术系 信息管理102202H 朱晋熠 指导教师：田璟霞酒店管理系统将先进的电脑技术与现代酒店服务管理完美地结合起来，实现了住宿、餐饮、娱乐全新概念的服务和管理方式。本系统是基于B/S体系结构、采用语言和SQL server数据库开发的典型的酒店预订管理系统。该系统的主要目标是针对酒店客房住房管理进行计算机的管理，本系统主要功能包括：客房预定、客房管理、账务管理、业务管理和系统管理。使用该酒店管理系统，将会有以下好处： .实现网上预定：可以减少宾客来入住的等待时间。 .高效的客房管理：能有效的提高房率，增加营业收入。 .提高决策依据：管理者可以随时了解经营情况，以制定相应的经营方针。 .减轻员工的工作负担：从而使员工把更多的精力放在提高为宾客服务的质量上。 .简单、方便地保存和查询历史资料。 .树立良好的酒店形象 本论文主要阐述了该系统的需求分析、功能模块划分、数据库设计及主要功能的具体设计与实现，并就系统中用到的技术进行了介绍。 关键词：酒店管理， B/S模式，SQL Server2005，JSP. Hotel reservation management system HuaKe of sciences computer science and technology department Information management102202H JinYi Zhu Director：JingXia TianAbstract:Hotelmanagementsystemwillbeadvancedcomputertechnologyandmodernhotelservicemanagementperfectcombinationtoaccommodation,dining,entertainingnew conceptofserviceandmanagement.Theaboveproblemscanbeassistedbyacomputersystem,andhotelmanagementofthecomputer,isnotonlyreflectsthemodernimageofanimportantsign,andtoimprovetheefficiencyandacceleratetheflowoffunds,reducethecostsandimprovethequalityofservice shouldhaveapositiverole.Thissystemisbasedonbsarchitecture,thelanguageandsqlserverdatabasedevelopmentofthehotelmanagementsystem.thesystemofthemainobjectiveistothehotelroomsforthehousingmanagementofthecomputersystemmanagement,themajorfunctionsinclude：roomreservations,theadministrationandmanagementandbusinessaccountsandmanagementsystemmanagement. Usethehotelmanagementsystem,willhavethefollowingadvantages： .theimplementationoftheinternetcanreducereserve：gueststostayinthewaitingtime. .thehotelmanagement：effectivelyimprovetheroomrateandincreaserevenue. .toimprovethedecision-makingon：managerscanunderstandthebusinesssituationandtoformulatecorrespondingmanagementpolicies. .relievetheburdenonthestaff：sostaffhavemoreenergyonimprovingthequalityofserviceforguests. .asimpleandconvenient.thepreservationofhistory. .agoodhotelimage This paper mainly on the system needs analysis, the module into, the database design and features of specific design and implementation, and your system using the technology was introduced. Key Words： Hotel reservation management ，mode B/S，sql server2005 ，Jsp目录第一章 绪论1第一节 酒店管理系统网站开发背景1一、 Web数据库的发展1二、 商务网站的发展1第二节 酒店管理系统发展现状2第三节 论文结构2第四节 酒店预订管理系统中存在的问题2第五节 本章小结2第二章 酒店预订管理系统的实现3第一节 系统流程分析3一、前台预定流程3二、管理员登录流程3三、管理员处理预定信息流程4四、处理已预定的入住流程4第二节 系统功能需求分析5第三节 本章小结6第三章 酒店管理系统概要设计6第一节 数据库设计6一、数据库需求分析6二、数据库概念结构设计7三、数据库逻辑结构设计7第二节 本章小结9第四章 数据库相关设计9建表SQL语句：9第一节 建立bookin表9第二节 建立userinfo表10第三节 建立room表11第四节 建立roomtype表12第五节 建立roomyd表13第七节 数据库测试13第八节 本章小结14第五章 总结14第六章 致谢14参考文献15太原科技大学华科学院毕业论文（论文） 第一章 绪论第一节 酒店管理系统网站开发背景 一、 Web数据库的发展 随着Internet技术与Web技术的蓬勃发展，人们已不满足于只在Web浏览器上获取静态的信息，人们需要通过它发表意见、查询数据，甚至进行网上购物，这就迫切需要实现Web与数据库的互连。Web发展到今天，人们已经可以把数据库技术引入到Web系统中。数据库技术发展比较成熟，特别适用于对大量的数据进行组织管理，Web技术具有较佳的信息发布途径，这两种技术的天然互补性决定了相互融合是其发展的必然趋势。将Web与数据库结合起来，不仅把Web与数据库的所有优点集中在一起，而且充分利用了大量已有的数据库信息资源，可以使用户在Web浏览器上方便地检索和浏览数据库的内容，这对许多软件开发者来说具有极大的吸引力。所以，将Web技术与数据库相结合，开发动态的Web数据库应用已成为当今Web技术研究的热点。二、 商务网站的发展现在的网站不仅仅是一个网站服务器那么简单了，它包括客户端与服务器端的交互。特别是电子商务的兴起，使因特网进入了一个崭新的阶段。电子商务网站是现代企业参与国际市场竞争的最重要的手段。现在互联网上的网站，不再是单一的Web页，他们如因特网上的一个个部门、企业或商业机构，通过它政府和企业的运营机制得以很好的发展。 随着因特网时代的到来，在因特网上发布政府、部门、公司和个人的主页不仅是一种时尚，更是国家、部门和企业发展、运作的需求，是办公自动化实施的进一步体现。信息化技术发展的今天，计算机越来越广泛的运用到各个行业，传统的信息处理方式在处理庞大的信息量显得极不适应，因此，人们对于运用互联网来辅助协调和管理自身工作的需求正在逐步提高，对信息流的有效组织和管理、特别是客户端与服务器端的交互提出了更高的要求。电子商务是集供应链、物流、信息流、资金流、营销推广、计算机、网络、网络安全、网上支付手段和网络银行等知识为一体的新兴的边沿必学科。它是网络社会发展的必然产物。不可否认的是电子商务一出现，就消除了商务活动中的时空限制，减少了中间环节，降低了交易成本，提高了市场反应速度，就已进入了高速发展的阶段，这将会使现代生产、商业流通、社会生活发生本质的变化。以互联网为核心的信息技术正在对人类社会的发展、进步和繁荣起着越来越重要的影响。以互联网在经济、社会活动中的应用为本质特征的建网方式已经渗透到社会生活的方方面面，成为推动新世纪世界经济增长的重要力量。第二节 酒店管理系统发展现状随着旅游业的发展，酒店、餐饮娱乐行业日趋发达，引入全方位的电脑服务和电脑管理日益流行。同时，酒店和餐厅娱乐业引入电脑服务和管理也取得了优良的经济效益和社会效益。为此，国家建设部已于最近作出明确规定：凡星级酒店在项目审批时，其设计方案必须包括电脑管理系统，否则不予立项。可见，酒店管理电脑化势在必行。酒店管理系统将先进的电脑技术与现代酒店服务管理完美地结合起来，实现了住宿、餐饮、娱乐全新概念的服务和管理方式。传统的酒店管理往往令管理者花大量的时间来处理顾客投诉，例如错误查询、烦琐的登记和结帐手续、旅客费用计算错误、空余客房资料不能及时提供等，从而影响出租率，使的管理人员不得不集中精力规划管理运行策略和进行决策。以上问题可通过电脑系统辅助解决，酒店管理的电脑化，不仅是体现酒店现代化形象的一个重要标志 ，而且对于提高员工工作效率，加速资金周转、降低各项成本及改善服务质量都有十分积极的作用。 第三节 论文结构第一章：酒店管理系统网站的开发背景、开发意义。第二章：从网站的发展历史、酒店管理系统的发展现状、管理方式阐明酒店管理系统网站的作用。第三章：对将要创建网站的需求分析、目标系统要求的分析和数据库的设计。第四章：对网站概要设计的分析。第五章：对网站的实现方法和编码设计的分析。第六章：对整个网站的功能测试。第七章：总结。第四节 酒店预订管理系统中存在的问题1）、数据存储能力不足；2）、数据处理工作做得不够好；3）、处理功能不够完善；4）、各功能模块的独立性不好，配合性也不好；5）、系统可扩充性不够好等。第五节 本章小结 传统的酒店管理往往令管理者花大量的时间来处理顾客投诉，例如错误查询、烦琐的登记和结帐手续、旅客费用计算错误、空余客房资料不能及时提供等，从而影响出租率，使的管理人员不得不集中精力规划管理运行策略和进行决策。以上问题可通过电脑系统辅助解决，酒店管理的电脑化，不仅是体现酒店现代化形象的一个重要标志 ，而且对于提高员工工作效率，加速资金周转、降低各项成本及改善服务质量都有十分积极的作用。所以网上酒店管理系统的开发是必然的。第二章 酒店预订管理系统的实现第一节 系统流程分析一、前台预定流程 如图2-1：浏览网页选择房间预定房间提交订单填写信息图2-1 前台预定流程二、管理员登录流程 如图2-2：登录入口取得用户名和密码将UserID存入session中用户是否存在核对密码是否正确登录成功是是否否图2-2 管理员登录流程三、管理员处理预定信息流程 如图2-3:客人无空房客人客人查询历史客人信息表收 银住房押金入帐表查询空房预定登记表有无空房间交款图2-3管理员处理预定信息流程四、处理已预定的入住流程 如图2-4:个人预订信息表客房预订信息表预定证明客人登记表查询验证预订表查询客房交款收 银图2-4处理已预定的入住流程第二节 系统功能需求分析一、客房预定系统信息录入资料调出取消预定由于现代旅游业的发展，宾馆客房往往呈供不应求的趋势，基于此，房间预定是客房管理信息系统中不可缺少的一部分，住客可以通过房间的预定业务预先约定某时要使用某种条件的房间，以便于住客的出行和店房对客房合理、及时的安排调度。二、宾客入住入住登记房态图客房入住是指住客入住时要进行登记，填写住客的一些资料：证件，证件号、籍贯、年龄等等，并办理交纳押金的手续。住客登记时可以通过房态图了解客房的使用情况，合理安排住客入住。三、管理预订与客房信息收银数据客房数据历史数据统计报表是用于对可放的经营状况进行统计，包括对收银数据的统计、对客房相关数据的统计以及对预定、入住的状况统计。四、房间状况状态报告房态图对房间的使用状况进行管理，可以随时查看房间是空房还是有人住宿或者是被人预定，对于退掉的房间和坏房间，及时维修和清理。五、客房收费房租收讫退房结算每个宾馆都是以赢利为目的的，所以，这对于酒店来说是一个很重要的环节。客房收费只要是处理由于宾客入住交纳押金、退房结账、客房赔偿以及续交房租和基本服务所引起的费用。六、系统管理房间设定更改密码系统设置系统管理是每个系统所必须具备的功能，主要是对操作该系统的使用者进行管理（即用户管理），包括用户的增加、删除、密码的修改以及管理各用户操作该系统的权限。并且实现房间基本设置功能以及各种系统设置功能，比如说房价设置等等。第三节 本章小结本章主要对系统的设计与流程进行分析与设计。阐述了系统主要实现的功能。第三章 酒店管理系统概要设计第一节 数据库设计一、数据库需求分析根据上面对该系统每个模块的详细分析，以及在系统分析中数据流程图的分析，设计的数据项和数据结构如下：入住登记信息：包括入住登记编号、入住房间号、入住人数、入住日期、住客姓名性别、年龄、证件、证件号等等。预定登记信息：包括预定时间、预定入住时间、预定房号、房价、预定人姓名性别、联系电话、预定方式等等。客房帐单信息：包括帐单编号、住客姓名、入住日期、离店日期、房号、房租、折扣。现金收取信息：主要包括住客姓名、收费编号、收费日期、房号、付款金额等等。房间基本信息和使用情况：包括房号、房类、房价、折扣、备注、入住日期、住客姓名等等。操作员基本信息及其权限设置：包括操作员代号、姓名、密码、权限、以及各种模块的操作权限设置标志。房间价格信息：包括价格、房间类型。客房类型信息：包括客房类型、客房设置。住客证件信息：包括证件类别、详细信息。二、数据库概念结构设计 ER图及其间的关系如图3-1：11MN编号类型价格房 间顾 客身份证号姓名联系方式入住/预定房间号性别管理员姓名编号管理入住顾客编号床数名称密码性别职位图3-1三、数据库逻辑结构设计(1)名称：订房信息表表名称标识：bookin数据来源：用户入住模块进行录入表结构如图3-2：是否关键字列名数据类型长度允许空备注是booknovarchar20no订房编号否customnamevarchar10yes顾客名称否customidvarchar18yes顾客身份证号否roomnovarchar10yes房间编号否indatedatetimeyes入住时间否checkFlagintyes是否已结算否checkdatedatetimeyes结算日期否totalMoneyfloatyes结算总金额否discountfloatyes折扣优惠否reduceMoneyfloatyes优惠金额否realMoneyfloatyes实收金额图3-2表bookin(2) 名称：管理员信息表名称标识：userinfo数据来源： 房间状况模块进行更新查询：表名称标识：userinfo表结构如图3-3：是否关键字列名数据类型长度允许空备注是usernamevarchar20no用户名否passwordvarchar20yes登陆密码否userdesvarchar10yes用户权限图3-3 表userinfo(3) 名称：房间信息表表名称标识：room数据来源： 业务管理模块进行录入查询表结构如图3-4：是否关键字列名数据类型长度允许空备注是roomnovarchar10no房间编号否roomtypeidint10yes房间所属标准否roompositionvarchar30yes房间位置否roompricefloatyes单价(按天计算)否putupvarchar10yes是否被定否roommemotext30yes备注信息图3-4 表room(4)名称：房间基本信息和使用情况表名称标识：RoomType数据来源： 房间状况模块进行更新查询表结构如图3-5：是否关键字列名数据类型长度允许空备注是ridint4no房间类型号否rtypeNmaevarchar50no房间类型名称否rareaint4no房间面积否rbedquantityint4no额定床数否rpricenumeric9no房间的价格否rairConditionbit1no空调否rtelevisionbit1no电视图3-5 表RoomType(5) 名称：房间预定信息表名称标识：roomyd数据来源： 房间预定模块进行录入表结构如图3-6：是否关键字列名数据类型长度允许空备注是Gfhint4no房间号否RIDint4yes房间类型编号否xmvarchar20yes姓名否xbchar10yes性别否rsint4yes人数否lxdhchar10yes联系电话否style_ydchar10yes预定方式否yd_cancelbit1yes取消预定否time_canceldatetime8yes取消时间否time_yddatetime8yes预定时间否time_yd_indatetime8yes预定入住时间图3-6 表roomyd第二节 本章小结本章主要阐述了对数据库的设计。第四章 数据库相关设计建表SQL语句：第一节 建立bookin表/*订房信息表*/CREATE TABLE dbo.bookin (bookno varchar (20) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NOT NULL , /订房编号customname nvarchar (10) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL , /顾客名称customid nvarchar (18) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL , /顾客身份证号roomno nvarchar (10) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL , /房间编号indate smalldatetime NULL , /入住时间checkFlag int NULL , /是否已结算checkdate smalldatetime NULL , /结算日期totalMoney float NULL , /结算总金额discount float NULL , /折扣优惠reduceMoney float NULL , /优惠金额realMoney float NULL , /实收金额memo ntext COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL /附加信息) ON PRIMARY TEXTIMAGE_ON PRIMARY表结构如图3-8：第二节 建立userinfo表建表SQL语句 /*用户信息表*/ CREATE TABLE dbo.userinfo (username nvarchar (20) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL ,/用户名password nvarchar (20) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL ,/登陆密码userdes nvarchar (10) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL /用户权限：管理员或操作员) ON PRIMARY表结构如图3-9：第三节 建立room表建表SQL语句：/*房间信息表*/CREATE TABLE dbo.room (roomno nvarchar (10) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL , /房间编号roomtypeid int NULL , /房间所属标准roomposition nvarchar (20) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL , /房间位置roomprice float NULL , /单价(按天计算)putup nvarchar (2) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL , /是否被定 roommemo ntext COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL /备注信息) ON PRIMARY TEXTIMAGE_ON PRIMARY表结构如图3-10：第四节 建立roomtype表建表SQL语句/*房间标准信息表*/CREATE TABLE dbo.roomtype (typeid int IDENTITY (1, 1) NOT NULL , /房间标准编号typename nvarchar (10) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL , /房间标准名称area float NULL , /房间面积 bednum int NULL , /床位数量haircondition nvarchar (2) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL , /是否有空调htelephone nvarchar (2) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL , /是否有电话htelevion nvarchar (2) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL , /是否有电视htoilet nvarchar (2) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL , /是否有卫生间price float NULL /住房单价) ON PRIMARY表结构如图3-11：第五节 建立roomyd表建表SQL语句：CREATE TABLE Roomyd( /建立房间预订信息表Gfh int NOT NULL, /房间号RID int NULL, /房间类型编号xm varchar(20) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL, /姓名xb char(8) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL, /性别rs int NULL, /人数lxdh char(10) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL, /联系电话style_yd char(10) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL, /预订方式yd_cancel bit NULL, /取消预订time_cancel datetime NULL CONSTRAINT DF_Roomyd_time_cancel DEFAULT (1900 - 1 - 1), /取消时间man_cancel char(10) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL, /经手人time_yd datetime NULL, /预定时间time_yd_in datetime NULL /预订入住时间表结构如图3-12：第七节 数据库测试 在软件开发的一系列活动中，为了保证软件的可靠性，人们研究并使用了很多方法进行分析、设计及编码实现。但是由于软件产品本身无形态，它是复杂的、知识高度密集的逻辑产品，其中不可能没有错误。物理产品在出厂前都要进行严格的检验，软件产品也不例外。软件开发总伴随着软件质量保证的活动，而软件测试是主要活动之一。软件测试代表了需求分析、设计、编码的最终复审。软件测试是软件质量保证的关键步骤，它是为了发现错误而执行程序的过程，或者说软件测试是根据软件开发各阶段的规格说明和程序的内部结构而精心设计一批测试用例(即输入数据及其预期输出的结果)。并利用这些测试用例去运行程序，从而发现程序错误的过程。 软件测试是软件交给用户之前一个必不可缺少的过程。它在软件开发过程中横跨两个阶段：通常在编写出每个模块后就对它做单元测试，模块的编写者与测试者是同一人。在每个模块都完成单元测试之后，对软件系统进行各种综合测试，通常有专门的测试人员承担这项工作。第八节 本章小结 本章主要阐述了数据库的实现代码。以及对其进行测试。第五章 总结 通过本次网站的开发，我认识到一个好的网站，不但要界面上给用户视觉上的美感，还必须具有强大的功能、实现数据交互的安全性、真实性，这就要求我们不但要做好需求分析阶段的工作，做出合理的规划，建立完整的模块，还要编写出健壮的代码。通过本次网站的开发，不仅使我对计算机专业知识的学习转化为生产力，而且还为我以后的工作与学习打下了坚实的基础。第六章 致谢 经过为时不短的的学习分析、设计和编码，我终于开发出了一个完整的酒店预订管理系统。通过酒店管理系统网站的构建，我经历了软件开发的全过程。通过本次开发,使我能够更加熟练地运用SQL Server管理和查询数据，我也深深地感到：对知识的学习既要深入，又要博览；既要整体把握，又要细致入微。这就要求我们对每一部分的设计，做到多看多想多分析，以求无疏漏；还要求多查专业书籍，获取信息。“不积小流无以成江河，不积跬步无以致千里。” ，要想完成一项开发，没有扎实的基础知识与严谨的态度是不行的，我也深深地体会到：作为一个工程人员，必须要具有一丝不苟的精神和精益求精的工作作风。在本次设计中，田璟霞老师给了我很多好的建议与极大的帮助，我的很多同学也贡献了他们宝贵的意见与帮助，在此向他们表示衷心的感谢！参考文献一、明日科技 编著：SQL Server 开发技术大全。人民邮电出版社。二、北京阿博泰克信息有限公司 编著：SQL Server数据设计和管理。参考内容：1）第三章SQL Server数据库表的管理。附录 英文资料翻译英文原文：The technique development history of JSPBrian Wright Michael FreedmanThe Java Server Pages( JSP) is a kind of according to web of the script plait distance technique, similar carries the script language of Java in the server of the Netscape company of server- side JavaScript( SSJS) and the Active Server Pages( ASP) of the Microsoft. JSP compares the SSJS and ASP to have better can expand sex, and it is no more exclusive than any factory or some one particular server of Web. Though the norm of JSP is to be draw up by the Sun company of, any factory can carry out the JSP on own system. The After Sun release the JSP( the Java Server Pages) formally, the this kind of new Web application development technique very quickly caused the peoples concern. JSP provided a special development environment for the Web application that establishes the high dynamic state. According to the Sun parlance, the JSP can adapt to include the Apache WebServer, IIS4.0 on the market at inside of 85% server product.This chapter will introduce the related knowledge of JSP and Databases, and JavaBean related contents, is all certainly rougher introduction among them basic contents, say perhaps to is a Guide only, if the reader needs the more detailed information, pleasing the book of consult the homologous JSP.A. GeneralizeThe JSP(Java Server Pages) is from the company of Sun Microsystems initiate, the many companies the participate to the build up the together of the a kind the of dynamic the state web the page technique standard, the it have the it in the construction the of the dynamic state the web page the strong but the do not the especially of the function. JSP and the technique of ASP of the Microsoft is very alike. Both all provide the ability that mixes with a certain procedure code and is explain by the language engine to carry out the procedure code in the code of HTML. Underneath we are simple of carry on the introduction to it.JSP pages are translated into servlets. So, fundamentally, any task JSP pages can perform could also be accomplished by servlets. However, this underlying equivalence does not mean that servlets and JSP pages are equally appropriate in all scenarios. The issue is not the power of the technology, it is the convenience, productivity, and maintainability of one or the other. After all, anything you can do on a particular computer platform in the Java programming language you could also do in assembly language. But it still matters which you choose.JSP provides the following benefits over servlets alone: It is easier to write and maintain the HTML. Your static code is ordinary HTML: no extra backslashes, no double quotes, and no lurking Java syntax. You can use standard Web-site development tools. Even HTML tools that know nothing about JSP can be used because they simply ignore the JSP tags. You can divide up your development team. The Java programmers can work on the dynamic code. The Web developers can concentrate on the presentation layer. On large projects, this division is very important. Depending on the size of your team and the complexity of your project, you can enforce a weaker or stronger separation between the static HTML and the dynamic content.Now, this discussion is not to say that you should stop using servlets and use only JSP instead. By no means. Almost all projects will use both. For some requests in your project, you will use servlets. For others, you will use JSP. For still others, you will combine them with the MVC architecture . You want the appropriate tool for the job, and servlets, by themselves, do not complete your toolkit.B. Source of JSPThe technique of JSP of the company of Sun, making the page of Web develop the personnel can use the HTML perhaps marking of XML to design to turn the end page with format. Use the perhaps small script future life of marking of JSP becomes the dynamic state on the page contents.( the contents changes according to the claim of).The Java Servlet is a technical foundation of JSP, and the large Web applies the development of the procedure to need the Java Servlet to match with with the JSP and then can complete, this name of Servlet comes from the Applet, the local translation method of now is a lot of, this book in order not to misconstruction, decide the direct adoption Servlet but dont do any translation, if reader would like to, can call it as small service procedure. The Servlet is similar to traditional CGI, ISAPI, NSAPI etc. Web procedure development the function of the tool in fact, at use the Java Servlet hereafter, the customer need not use again the lowly method of CGI of efficiency, also need not use only the ability come to born page of Web of dynamic state in the method of API that a certain fixed Web server terrace circulate. Many servers of Web all support the Servlet, even not support the Servlet server of Web directly and can also pass the additional applied server and the mold pieces to support the Servlet. Receive benefit in the characteristic of the Java cross-platform, the Servlet is also a terrace irrelevant, actually, as long as match the norm of Java Servlet, the Servlet is complete to have nothing to do with terrace and is to have nothing to do with server of Web. Because the Java Servlet is internal to provide the service by the line distance, need not start a progress to the each claimses, and make use of the multi-threading mechanism can at the same time for several claim service, therefore the efficiency of Java Servlet is very high.But the Java Servlet also is not to has no weakness, similar to traditional CGI, ISAPI, the NSAPI method, the Java Servlet is to make use of to output the HTML language sentence to carry out the dynamic state web page of, if develop the whole website with the Java Servlet, the integration process of the dynamic state part and the static state page is an evil-foreboding dream simply. For solving this kind of weakness of the Java Servlet, the SUN released the JSP.A number of years ago, Marty was invited to attend a small 20-person industry roundtable discussion on software technology. Sitting in the seat next to Marty was James Gosling, inventor of the Java programming language. Sitting several seats away was a high-level manager from a very large software company in Redmond, Washington. During the discussion, the moderator brought up the subject of Jini, which at that time was a new Java technology. The moderator asked the manager what he thought of it, and the manager responded that it was too early to tell, but that it seemed to be an excellent idea. He went on to say that they would keep an eye on it, and if it seemed to be catching on, they would follow his companys usual embrace and extend strategy. At this point, Gosling lightheartedly interjected You mean disgrace and distend. Now, the grievance that Gosling was airing was that he felt that this company would take technology from other companies and suborn it for their own purposes. But guess what? The shoe is on the other foot here. The Java community did not invent the idea of designing pages as a mixture of static HTML and dynamic code marked with special tags. For example, Cold Fusion did it years earlier. Even ASP (a product from the very software company of the aforementioned manager) popularized this approach before JSP came along and decided to jump on the bandwagon. In fact, JSP not only adopted the general idea, it even used many of the same special tags as ASP did.The JSP is an establishment at the model of Java servlets on of the expression layer technique, it makes the plait write the HTML to become more simple.Be like the SSJS, it also allows you carry the static state HTML contents and servers the script mix to put together the born dynamic state exportation. JSP the script language that the Java is the tacit approval, however, be like the ASP and can use other languages( such as JavaScript and VBScript), the norm of JSP also allows to use other languages.C. JSP characteristicsIs a service according to the script language in some one language of the statures system this kind of discuss, the JSP should be see make is a kind of script language. However, be a kind of script language, the JSP seemed to be too strong again, almost can use all Javas in the JSP.Be a kind of according to text originally of, take manifestation as the central development technique, the JSP provided all advantages of the Java Servlet, and, when combine with a JavaBeans together, providing a kind of make contents and manifestation that simple way that logic separate. Separate the contents and advantage of logical manifestations is, the personnel who renews the page external appearance need not know the code of Java, and renew the JavaBeans personnel also need not be design the web page of expert in hand, can use to take the page of JavaBeans JSP to define the template of Web, to build up a from have the alike external appearance of the website that page constitute. JavaBeans completes the data to provide, having no code of Java in the template thus, this means that these templates can be written the personnel by a HTML plait to support. Certainly, can also make use of the Java Servlet to control the logic of the website, adjust through the Java Servlet to use the way of the document of JSP to separate website of logic and contents.Generally speaking, in actual engine of JSP, the page of JSP is the edit and translate type while carry out, not explain the type of .Explain the dynamic state web page development tool of the type, such as ASP, PHP3 etc., because speed etc. reason, have already cant satisfy current the large electronic commerce needs appliedly, traditional development techniques are all at to edit and translate the executive way change, such as the ASP ASP+;PHP3 PHP4.In the JSP norm book, did not request the procedure in the JSP code part( be called the Scriptlet) and must write with the Java definitely. Actually, have some engines of JSP are adoptive other script languages such as the EMAC- Script, etc., but actually this a few script languages also are to set up on the Java, edit and translate for the Servlet to carry out of. Write according to the norm of JSP, have no Scriptlet of relation with Java also is can of, however, mainly lie in the ability and JavaBeans, the Enterprise JavaBeanses because of the JSP strong function to work together, so even is the Scriptlet part not to use the Java, edit and translate of performance code also should is related with Java.D. JSP mechanismTo comprehend the JSP how unite the technical advantage that above various speak of, come to carry out various result easily, the customer must understand the differentiation of the module develops for the web page of the center and the page develops for the web page of the center first. The SSJS and ASP are all in several year ago to release, the network of that time is still very young, no one knows to still have in addition to making all business, datas and the expression logic enter the original web page entirely heap what better solve the method. This kind of model that take page as the center studies and gets the very fast development easily. However, along with change of time, the people know that this kind of method is unwell in set up large, the Web that can upgrade applies the procedure. The expression logic write in the script environment was lock in the page, only passing to shear to slice and glue to stick then can drive heavy use. Express the logic to usually mix together with business and the data logics, when this makes be the procedure member to try to change an external appearance that applies the procedure but do not want to break with its llied business logic, apply the procedure of maintenance be like to walk the similar difficulty on the eggshell. In fact in the business enterprise, heavy use the application of the module already through very mature, no one would like to rewrite those logics for their applied procedure.HTML and sketch the designer handed over to the implement work of their design the Web plait the one who write, make they have to double work- Usually is the handicraft plait to write, because have no fit tool and can carry the script and the HTML contents knot to the server to put together. Chien but speech, apply the complexity of the procedure along with the Web to promote continuously, the development method that take page as the center limits sex to become to get up obviously. At the same time, the people always at look for the better method of build up the Web application procedure, the module spreads in customers machine/ server the realm. JavaBeans and ActiveX were published the company to expand to apply the procedure developer for Java and Windows to use to come to develop the complicated procedure quickly by the fast application procedure development( RAD) tool. These techniques make the expert in the some realm be able to write the module for the perpendicular application plait in the skill area, but the developer can go fetch the usage directly but need not control the expertise of this realm.Be a kind of take module as the central development terrace, the JSP appeared. It with the JavaBeans and Enterprise JavaBeans( EJB) module includes the model of the business and the data logic for foundation, provide a great deal of label and a script terraces to use to come to show in the HTML page from the contents of JavaBeans creation or send a present in return. Because of the property that regards the module as the center of the JSP, it can drive Java and not the developer of Java uses equally. Not the developer of Java can pass the JSP label( Tags) to use the JavaBeans that the deluxe developer of Java establish. The developer of Java not only can establish and use the JavaBeans, but also can use the language of Java to come to control more accurately in the JSP page according to the expression logic of the first floor JavaBeans. See now how JSP is handle claim of HTTP. In basic claim model, a claim directly was send to JSP page in. The code of JSP controls to carry on hour of the logic processing and module of JavaBeanses hand over with each other, and the manifestation result in dynamic state bornly, mixing with the HTML page of the static state HTML code. The Beans can be JavaBeans or module of EJBs. Moreover, the more complicated claim model can see make from is request other JSP pages of the page call sign or Java Servlets.The engine of JSP wants to chase the code of Java that the label of JSP, code of Java in the JSP page even all converts into the big piece together with the static state HTML contents actually. These codes piece was organized the Java Servlet that customer can not see to go to by the engine of JSP, then the Servlet edits and translate them automatically byte code of Java.Thus, the visitant that is the website requests a JSP page, so the code of JSP in the web page does not need when the every time requests that page is explain. The engine of JSP need to be edit and translate after Servlet the code end is modify only once, then this Servlet that editted and translate can be carry out. The in view of the fact JSP engine auto is born to edit and translate the Servlet also, need not procedure member begins to edit and translate the code, so the JSP can bring vivid sex that function and fast developments need that you are efficiently.Compared with the traditional CGI, the JSP has the equal advantage. First, on the speed, the traditional procedure of CGI needs to use the standard importation of the system to output the equipments to carry out the dynamic state web page born, but the JSP is direct is mutually the connection with server. And say for the CGI, each interview needs to add to add a progress to handle, the progress build up and destroy by burning constantly and will be a not small burden for calculator of be the server of Web. The next in order, the JSP is specialized to develop but design for the Web of, its purpose is for building up according to the Web applied procedure, included the norm and the tool of a the whole set. Use the technique of JSP can combine a lot of JSP pages to become a Web application procedure very expediently.中文译文：JSP技术发展史Brian Wright Michael FreedmanJava Server Pages(JSP)是一种基于web的脚本编程技术，类似于网景公司的服务器端Java脚本语言 server-side JavaScript(SSJS)和微软的Active Server Pages(ASP)。JSP比SSJS和ASP具有更好的可扩展性，并且它不专属于任何一家厂商或某一特定的Web服务器。尽管JSP规范是由Sun公司制定的，但任何厂商都可以在自己的系统上实现JSP。 在Sun正式发布JSP(Java Server Pages)之后，这种新的Web应用开发技术很快引起了人们的关注。JSP为创建高度动态的Web应用提供了一个独特的开发环境。按照Sun的说法，JSP能够适应市场上包括Apache WebServer、IIS4.0在内的85%的服务器产品。本文将介绍JSP相关的知识，以及JavaBean的相关内容，当然都是比较粗略的介绍其中的基本内容，或者说仅仅是一个Guide，如果读者需要更详细的信息，请参考相应的JSP的书籍。A. 概述JSP(Java Server Pages)是由Sun Microsystems公司倡导、许多公司参与一起建立的一种动态网页技术标准，其在动态网页的建设中有其强大而特别的功能。JSP与Microsoft的ASP技术非常相似。两者都提供在HTML代码中混合某种程序代码、由语言引擎解释执行程序代码的能力。下面我们简单的对它进行介绍。JSP页面最终会转换成servler。因而，从根本上，JSP页面能够执行的任何任务都可以用servler来完成。然而，这种底层的等同性并不意味着servler和JSP页面对于所有的情况都等同适用。问题不在于技术的能力，而是二者在便利性、生产率和可维护性上的不同。毕竟，在特定平台上能够用Java编程语言完成的事情，同样可以用汇编语言来完成，但是选择哪种语言依旧十分重要。和单独使用servler相比，JSP提供下述好处：JSP中HTML的编写与维护更为简单。JSP中可以使用常规的HTML：没有额外的反斜杠，没有额外的双引号，也没有暗含的Java语法。能够使用标准的网站开发工具。即使对那些对JSP一无所知的HTML工具，我们也可以使用，因为它们会忽略JSP标签（JSP tags）。可以对开发团队进行划分。Java程序员可以致力于动态代码。Web开发人员可以将经理集中在表示层（presentation layer）上。对于大型的项目，这种划分极为重要。依据开发团队的大小，及项目的复杂程度，可以对静态HTML和动态内容进行弱分离（weaker separation）和强分离（stronger separation）。在此，这个讨论并不是让您停止使用servlets，只使用JSP。几乎所有的项目都会同时用到这两种技术。针对项目中的某些请求，您可能会在MVC构架下组合使用这两项技术。我们总是希望用适当的工具完成相对应的工作，仅仅是servlet并不能填满您的工具箱。B. JSP的由来Sun公司的JSP技术，使Web页面开发人员可以使用HTML或者XML标识来设计和格式化最终页面。使用JSP标识或者小脚本来生成页面上的动态内容(内容是根据请求来变化的)。Java Servlet是JSP技术的基础，而且大型的Web应用程序的开发需要Java Servlet和JSP配合才能完成，Servlet这个名称源于Applet，现在国内的翻译方式很多，本书为了避免误会，决定直接采用Servlet而不做任何翻译，读者如果愿意，可以称之为“小服务程序”。Servlet其实和传统的CGI、ISAPI、NSAPI等Web程序开发工具的作用是相同的，在使用Java Servlet以后，用户不必再使用效率低下的CGI方式，也不必使用只能在某个固定Web服务器平台运行的API方式来动态生成Web页面。许多Web服务器都支持Servlet，即使不直接支持Servlet的Web服务器也可以通过附加的应用服务器和模块来支持Servlet。得益于Java的跨平台的特性，Servlet也是平台无关的，实际上，只要符合Java Servlet规范，Servlet是完全与平台无关且是与Web服务器无关的。由于Java Servlet内部是以线程方式提供服务，不必对于每个请求都启动一个进程，并且利用多线程机制可以同时为多个请求服务，因此Java Servlet效率非常高。但Java Servlet也不是没有缺点，和传统的CGI、ISAPI、NSAPI方式相同，Java Servlet是利用输出HTML语句来实现动态网页