电子秤中英文资料翻译.doc

附录：英文技术资料翻译Journal of Jiaozuo Institute of Technology (Nstursl Science), Vol.20,No.4,Jul.2001英文原文： The development of portable digital balance GUO San-ming ZHENG Jun-zhong (Dept,of Electri.Eng .of JIT,Jiaozuo 454000,China)Abstract: More attention has been paid on the development of the portable digital balance with commercial worth since the usual measurers have been unpopular such as pole balance spring balance and some others .The scheme of the portable digital balance with high performance and low cost is put forward. The ideas for the signal process circuit is introduced and the specie hardware chart is made. The key parts of the weigh sensor elastomer are specified. Moreover the problems to deal with the current and the improvement on the accuration have been solved.Key words: digital balance; elastomer; power amplifier; measurement range conversion; electric resourceCLC; TH 715.1 +93 Document Code: A literature number 1007 -7332 (2001) 04-0269-040 IntroductionDevelopment of science and technology, the weighing technology put forward higher requirements, especially micro-processing technology and sensor technology, tremendous progress has greatly accelerated this process. Currently, electronic scales used in commercial sales have been quite common, but all kinds of electronic scales are widely used in the market, there are significant limitations. These electronic scales large volume, high cost, need for frequency AC power supply, and can not carry. Popular portable electronic weighing scales on the market, or they use a rod to the spring compression, tensile deformation of the spring balance to achieve, such as metering, measurement error is large, more than once spring elastic limit, it will generate a lot of errors, as well as damage to the rod type scales are currently going out of the metering equipment, therefore, a miniaturized, can be replaced in the future development of universal rod scales electronic scales by the people attach great importance to design a lightweight, easy to carry, accurate measurement, intuitive readings civilian electronic scales imminent.This product is fully electronic circuit design, fully taking into account the advantages of various types of electronic scales, and small and portable, measurement error is small (1%), reliable / low prices on the civilian market has good prospects for use.1 System Principles Portable electronic scale system shown( Figure 1), which consists of sensors, amplifiers, range conversion circuit, A / D converter and a display / power supply circuit and the like. Strain gauge sensor element consisting of a resistor, the weighing weak signal, the precision of the differential amplifier, two stages (02Kg, 210Kg) automatic conversion range, the A/D converter, said amplified re-converted into an analog signal to a digital liquid crystal display (LCD) display, the processing circuit power supply voltage into the battery power supply voltage level required for the type of each unit circuit.2 load cell selection and designIn the electronic scale system , the sensor is the most critical component is also part of the design of electronic scales difficult to deal with , its performance directly determines the accuracy of electronic scales . Small -scale load cell structure , type and more categories . In order to make the load cell has good linearity , strong input sensitivity and strong resistance to lateral load force , we have adopted a two-hole parallel beam load cell 1 ( Figure 2 ),as the use of domestic hard aluminum alloy LY12 elastomer material, the elastic hysteresis and creep is small, the small -scale load cell, the storage of this material is larger than W, elastic modulus is small (about 1 / 3 of steel), the manufacture of small the load cell weighing scale , and the ideal material.Working principle of the sensor is : When the sensor is subjected to external loads prole of the upper and lower beams parallel elastomer elastic deformation / paste in a parallel beam of four strain gauges R1 R4 consists of bridge output voltage is generated with linearized external load increment p , p can know the size of the external load.Size of the sensor according to the maximum range of the elastic element may be primarily determined detection point ( peak stress ) section thickness h1, to determine the form and size of the opening , the sensor sensitivity is generally require (1.5 2) mV / V range, the full-bridge The output voltage U0.As ,Where: S-strain gauge sensitivity factor; UCC - -for the bridge voltage -Detection Point (strain gauge affixed at) strain, Also ,Where: Mp-detection point bending moment; E -modulus of elasticity of the material; W1-detection point flexural modulus; Beacuse (Similar triangles);So Where: b -elastic element width; h1-sectional thickness detection point ; Mmax = pL/4- maximum bending moments at both ends of the elastic element ; p-Maximum weight; l-double hole center distance; L-length of elastomersCan push Open hole diameter ， The stiffness ratio .This value can be used as calibration values estimated elastic stiffness is adequate.Size elastomer determined according to the above principles, its processing by conventional technology standards, through the heat out of the library , the opening line cutting , grinding and other processes required by conventional patch3 amplifier circuit design processing several problems (1) Power : This e- weighed 2 on the 5th ordinary zinc-manganese batteries (3V) or rechargeable battery (2.4V) power supply. For each level of the supply voltage circuit for this is not enough , so the choice of switching to Boost Regulator Manifold TL499A for power conversion ( Figure 3 ). The output voltage of the regulator TL499A range of up to 2.9 30V, output current of 100mA, the required input voltage range of 1.1 10V. TL499A the battery voltage up to 15V, 7.5V and then get a symmetrical voltage output through the op amp.(2) Reduce the influence of the equivalent offset voltage measurement accuracy ; bridge output signal is superimposed on a high voltage DC supply mold weak signal , you should first ensure that the power bridge to get a high degree of stability , constant current bridge uses circuitry as shown in ( 4 ) below. By the A1, R5, R6, R1 constitute a constant current source circuit for providing a high degree of stability bridge power circuit . R1-R4 constituting the detection resistance strain gauge bridge force due to the action of the force to deform the elastic body , leaving a corresponding change in strain gauge resistance , thereby weak bridge output voltage signal proportional to the force by the elastic body , Rp is zero potentiometer to adjust the bridge output to zero. A2-A5 and peripheral components of the differential amplifier . The circuit has an input impedance (300-500m) high , high common mode rejection ratio (110DB). Input offset voltage (20uv) and offset voltage drift (0.25-10uv / ) small features, ideal for the bridge amplifier circuit form . Circuit is divided into two , the first stage consists of A2, A3 , thereby to improve the input impedance of the amplifier circuit , the second stage by the A4, A5 constitute a differential amplifier , seeking an exact match to A4 external resistor , while lower gain circuit has guaranteed small offset voltage , Rw number tune the gain of the amplifier. (3) Achieve scale transformation , the electronic scale range is divided into two ranges , the first range 0-2Kg, second range 2-10Kg, automatic conversion range from the circuit ( Figure 5 ).A/D conversion and the reality circuit ICL7106 completed by the manifold, range conversion by changing the reference voltage VREF 7106 implementation. Weighing comparator circuit compares the output signal of the differential amplifier composed by A6 , when the weighing scale at 0 - 1999g range, the signal is small , the comparator does not move from Rp1 adjusted reference voltage through analog switches SW1, plus to VREF end 7106 ; when weighing more than 1999g, comparator A6 flip RP2 obtained by the reference voltage signal via the analog switch SW2 to 7106 ; simultaneously output A6 control the position of the decimal point is lit LCD display.4 Test Results By actual measurement , the electronic scale technical indicators are as follows : Accuracy degree level : 3 Maximum weighing : 10kg Minimum scale value : Range :0 - 1999g time error : 1% Range :1.999-10kg when drift : 0.1% / Weight : 400g volume: about 110mmx80mmx35mm5 Conclusions Renamed some of the performance characteristics of some failings , one of which is the high price , after accounting cost about 120 yuan ; Furthermore high linearity error ; function is still lacking, such as tare function , computing functions. These need to be addressed in a future circuit improvements . As electronic scales small, easy to carry , such as to further reduce costs in the civilian market will have good prospects for use A/D conversion and the reality circuit ICL7106 completed by the manifold , range conversion by changing the reference voltage VREF 7106 implementation. Weighing comparator circuit compares the output signal of the differential amplifier composed by A6 , when the weighing scale at 0 - 1999g range, the signal is small , the comparator does not move from Rp1 adjusted reference voltage through analog switches SW1, plus to VREF end 7106 ; when weighing more than 1999g, comparator A6 flip RP2 obtained by the reference voltage signal via the analog switch SW2 to 7106 ; Simultaneously output A6 control the position of the decimal point is lit LCD display.焦作工学院（自然科学版），第20卷，第四期，2001年7月中文译文：便携式电子秤的研制郭三明，郑均忠（焦作工学院 电气工程系，河南 焦作 454000）摘要：目前，市场上常见的杆式秤和弹簧秤等计量器具已逐步被淘汰。因而，具有商用价值的便携式电子秤的研制受到了人们的高度重视。鉴此，本文提出了高性能、低成本的普及型电子秤的全电子路线设计方案。介绍了信号处理电路的设计思路，给出了具体的硬件设计框图，详述了称重计量的关键部件称重传感器中弹性体的具体设计方法。此种方法较好地解决电路设计中的关键问题，如电源的处理、提高测量精度等。关键词：电子秤；弹性体；放大器；量程转换；电源中图分类号;TH 715.1+93 文献标志码：A 文献编号：1007-7332（2001）04-0269-040 引言 科学技术的发展，对称重技术提出了更高的要求，尤其是微处理技术和传感技术的巨大进步，大大加速了这个进程。目前，电子秤在商业销售中的使用已相当普遍，但在市场上广泛使用的各式电子秤还有很大的局限性。这些电子秤体积大、成本高，需要工频交流电源供电，且不能随身携带。市场上流行的便携式电子秤大多采用杆式秤或以弹簧压缩、拉伸变形来实现计量的弹簧秤等，计量误差较大，一旦超过弹簧弹性限度，就会产生很大的误差，以至损坏，杆式秤则是目前就要淘汰的计量器械，因此，一种小型化的、能够在未来取代杆式秤的普及型电子秤的发展受到了人们的高度重视，设计一种重量轻、携带方便、计量准确、读数直观的民用电子秤迫在眉睫。本设计产品为全电子线路，充分兼顾各式电子秤的优点，且小巧便携、计量误差小（1%）、工作可靠/价格低廉，在民用市场上有着良好的使用前景。 1 系统原理 便携式电子秤系统如图1所示，它由传感器、放大器、量程转换电路、A/D转换和显示器/电源电路等构成。由电阻应变片组成的传感元件，其微弱的称重信号经高精度的差分放大，信号分两档（02Kg,210Kg）量程自动转换，A/D转换器将放大后称重模拟信号转换成数字量提供给液晶显示屏（LCD）显示，电源处理电路将电池电压变换成各单元电路所需的不同等级电源电压。2 称重传感器的选用及设计在电子秤系统中，传感器是最关键的部件，也是电子秤设计中最难处理的环节，其性能的好坏直接决定了电子秤的精度。小量程称重传感器的结构、型式及种类较多。为了使称重传感器具有良好的线性、较强的输入灵敏度及较强的抗侧向载荷力，系统采用了双孔平行梁式荷重传感器1（图2），选用国产硬铝合金LY12作为弹性体材料，因此弹性滞后及蠕变也比较小，对小量程称重传感器来说，这种材料的储能比W大，弹性模量小（约为钢的1/3），是制造小量程称重及测力传感器较为理想的材料。传感器的工作原理是：当传感器受到外荷载p作用时，弹性体的上下平行梁产生弹性变形，粘贴在平行梁上的4片电阻应变片R1R4组成的电桥输出电压就会产生与外载荷p成线性化的增量，即可知外载荷p的大小。传感器弹性元件的尺寸根据最大量程而定，主要是确定检测点（应力峰）截面厚度h1,，从而确定开孔形式和尺寸，传感器灵敏度一般要求在（1.52）mV/V范围，全桥输出电压U0为：式中： S应变片灵敏系数；UCC供桥电压； 检测点（贴应变片处）应变值， 又 ,式中： Mp检测点弯距；E材料的弹性模数；W1检测点抗弯模数， ；因为 （相似三角形）；所以 式中 b弹性元件宽度；h1检测点截面厚度； Mmax=pL/4弹性元件两端最大弯距； p最大称重； l双连孔中心距； L弹性体长度；可推得：