张家口市领秀城小区二期11#住宅楼（小高层）
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河北建筑工程学院毕业设计（论文）开题报告课题名称张家口市领秀城小区二期11#住宅楼（小高层）施工组织设计 系别： 土 木 工 程 系 专业： 土 木 工 程 班级： 工124班 姓名： 符仕昌 学号： 2012304415 起迄日期： 2016年02月29日-2016年 06月26日 设计（论文）地点: 教 学 楼 B217 指导教师： 庞润泽 职称： 正高级工程师 辅导教师： 职称： 填表日期： 2016年 1月 20日 课题来源导师课题课题类别施工组织设计一、毕业设计准备工作（一）准备方式 到校图书馆借阅相关的专业书籍，另外还从网上下载了一些相关规范（二）准备结果 1）、建筑，施工结构图纸各一套。 2）、国家建设地区现行的有关法律、法规和规程、规范要求。 3)、地质、水文及气象资料。 4）、施工相关资料。二、毕业设计的目的毕业设计是一个总结性的教学环节，是学生全面系统地融汇所学理论知识和专业技能并运用于解决实际问题的过程。通过本教学环节，要加深学生对所学基本理论知识的理解，培养学生综合分析和处理问题的能力以及设计创新精神，使学生得到有关单位工程建设从方案制定到施工组织的全过程系统性的训练。通过毕业设计这一重要的教学环节，培养土木工程专业本科毕业生正确的理论联系实际的工作作风，严肃认真的科学态度。毕业设计要求我们在指导老师的指导下，独立系统的完成一项工程设计，解决与之有关的所有问题，熟悉相关设计规范、手册、标准图以及工程实践中常用的方法，具有实践性、综合性强的显著特点。因此毕业设计对于培养学生初步的科学研究能力，提高其综合运用所学知识分析问题、解决问题能力有着重要意义。3、 毕业设计主要内容（重点及拟解决的关键问题）（一） 主要内容：通过熟悉图纸，认真阅读图集，研究类似工程，了解自身特点，遵循客观施工工艺、技术规律，确定各施工过程施工顺序的配合关系，以网络图的形式表达工程的施工进度计划，确定各种施工方案，最终完成毕业设计；在完成施工组织毕业设计过程中，应该独立完成，有问题可以向老师或同学请教，多与同学交流探讨；学会使用网络来帮助我们学习新的施工技术和方案。拓展我们的眼界，在实习时要认真观察多学多看多问，要及时的解决我们的问题，善于总结，认真完成毕业设计。（二) 重点重点问题：土石方运输，脚手架计算，模板工程的计算和支设及施工进度安排。四、完成毕业设计的方式、方法、手段、途径实现方式: 去图书馆借阅相关资料，在老师指导下独立完成设计任务。研究方法：主要采用调研法，比较法和文献法。研究手段: 运用计算机看图和打字和打印。实现途径：根据目前图纸要求任务书的要求，进行设计计算和施工组织设计，修改，完善。五、总体安排和进度（包括阶段性工作内容及完成日期）起 迄 日 期工 作 内 容（2.283.3）编制开题报告。(3.43.9)翻译英文资料，熟悉图纸，写出工程概况及编制依据。(3.103.27)工程量计算，编制工程量清单和清单计价。(3.284.10)编制基础工程施工方案。(4.114.17)绘制基础施工支护结构设计图，地梁模板配板图。(4.184.22)基础开挖起点流向图，基础施工平面布置图，测量放线图(4.234.29)毕业实习，写实习日记及实习报告。(4.305.20)编制主体工程施工方案，主体施工进度计划（5.215.29）配板图，脚手架设计及布置图，主体施工平面图（5.306.5）编制装饰工程，屋面工程施工方案（6.66.11）主要材料，劳动力，机械设备，临建需要量计划，质量、安全措施，冬雨季施工措施，经济分析等（6.126.15）整理计算书、译文、摘要，完善施工图（6.166.19）评阅（6.206.22）答辩（6.236.26）二次答辩，上交毕业设计资料 六、主要参考文献1 高层建筑施工手册，赵志缙，同济大学出版社，2001 2 实用高层建筑施工手册，江正荣，中国建筑工业出版社，20033 现代建筑施工技术，李大华，杨博，安徽科学技术出版社，20014 简明施工计算手册（第三版），江正荣，朱国梁，中国建筑工业出版社，20055 施工现场设施安全设计计算手册，谢建民，20076 建筑施工组织与管理，李忠富，机械工业出版社，20047 建筑施工模板手册, 杨嗣信， 中国建筑工业出版社，19978 建筑施工技术资料编制手册，徐大海，江理平，同济大学出版社，19979 高层建筑深基坑围护工程实践与分析，赵锡宏，陈志明，同济大学出版社，199610 高层建筑结构施工，胡世德，王光遐，上海科学技术出版社，198911 工程施工组织与管理，林知炎，曹吉鸣，同济大学出版社，200212 建筑构造通用图集13 河北省统一劳动定额14 简明深基坑工程设计施工手册，赵志缙等. 中国建筑工业出版社，200015 建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准16 各分部工程施工质量验收标准17 建设工程工程量清单计价规范，中国计划出版社，201218 建设工程工程量清单计价规范宣贯辅导教材，中国计划出版社19 工程量清单计价基础知识，中国建筑工业出版社，200420 建筑工程工程量清单计价编制实用手册，李希伦，中国计划出版社2003指导教师意见： 指导教师签名： 日期：2016-03-03教研室意见：教研室主任签名： 日期：2016-03-04系意见： 系领导签名： 日期：2016-03-06系盖章课题来源：导师课题、社会实践、自选、其他课题类别：工程设计、施工技术、新品开发、软件开发、科学实验、毕业论文。河北建筑工程学院毕业设计（论文）外文资料翻译 院别： 土木工程学院 专业： 土木工程 班级： 工124班 姓名： 符 仕昌 学号： 2012304415 外文出处： Effective Design of Structures （用外文写） 附 件：1、外文原文；2、外文资料翻译译文。指导教师评语：签字： 年 月 日注：请将该封面与附件装订成册。The construction organization design optimizationAbstractthe construction organization design for the guidance of scientific and orderly construction has very important significance. In this paper, according to the characteristics of the construction organization and design, combined with the engineering example, respectively analyzes the optimization of several aspects of the construction organization design.Key words: construction organization design; Scheme optimization than choose; management1 prepare the structure and optimizing the staffConstruction organization and design of the first should be leaders, led by technical director, production, economy, and charge at the same time to participate in the scheme, not only by technical personnel to be involved in programming, so that the construction organization design is a comprehensive specific, focused, and comprehensive balance, the construction site is more easy to perform.Has a strong technical and comprehensive construction organization design. Preparation of construction organization design is engineering and technical personnel through their mental work, on all material for machining process, engineering and technical personnel for many years of accumulated construction technology and management experience, especially the intellectual resources, give full play to and applied instead of blind imitation copy materials and specifications. Therefore, quality of construction organization and design, mainly depends on the staff personal qualities: whether has a solid theoretical foundation and rich experience; Whether is good at draw lessons from the advanced experience and achievements of others, and so on.2 construction scheme optimizationChoice of the reasonable construction scheme is the core of the construction organization design, directly affect the site construction organization and time limit for a project.Optimization of construction scheme comparison, on the one hand, qualitative analysis, can be carried out with the abundant construction experience and management experience, to judge the merits of the construction schemes, such as: the time limit for a project is appropriate, is technically feasible, complexity of construction, safety and reliability, labor and machinery and equipment can meet the requirements, whether to give full play to the role of the existing machinery and equipment, reliable quality assurance measures are perfect, how about seasonal construction, the use of construction site is reasonable; On the other hand, quantitative analysis can be carried out, using the time limit for a project, cost, reduce the cost of unit building area, investment and so on the technical and economic indicators for quantitative analysis. In determining the construction scheme, the scheme comparison method should be adopted, equipment selection, sort, analyze the comparison of various options, use can not only ensure the engineering quality, time limit for a project, and to achieve the best benefit of construction plan 1.n zhengzhou SONY unit (3 x 200 mw) of power plant flue gas desulfurization absorption tower shell production installation engineering as an example, the project has two absorption tower to Ann, two tower construction in turn. The tower body specifications for 14500 mm x 38000 mm (1) and 10000 mm x 38000 mm (2); The tower body material is Q235 - B.2.1 construction method optimizationConstruction methods are applied to the tower body is two kinds of method, inversion method. After segmentation and inflatable jack-up method, water float, volume method, the short mast lifting method, hydraulic lifting method, using the tower crane shard is acceptable, and so on. If the positive method, safety coefficient is higher, but no matter by subsection group to the group or one by one to make, all need a lot of used cranes, scaffolding full inside and outside, from the consideration on the cost, is acceptable not optimal method; If using the inversion method, can reduce the aerial work, improve group, welding work conditions, cost savings, but require high security measures. Integrated the advantages of both, we adopt the tower under the section of the inversion method, the upper tower construction plan is acceptable, such as well as two tower construction organization flow operation (i.e. no. 1 tower cylinder inversion after the construction, demolition to 2 tower construction), and can ensure the construction progress of fast and good economy.And inversion method of hydraulic lifting method need professional lifting machinery, and short mast lifting method only using the short derrick made by the site and provide the chain enough to ascend; The method with simplified construction method, construction materials province, starting early, short cycle, fast moving, as well as good quality. The end of the tower under the inversion method we choose short mast lifting method.2.2 optimization of the machineryConstruction machinery is generally according to the characteristics of the engineering combined with security, load, convenient operation, and cost optimization. Such as crane, it need to be determined according to the site conditions and engineering characteristics is to use crawler crane, or mobile crane or tower crane. Chosen the crane species, and then according to the performance parameters of the optimization of the crane to crane model.Applications for some of the more traditional, ever more successful construction methods used by the construction machines and tools, to come from two aspects of qualitative and quantitative optimization. As this example USES the inversion method, according to the previous construction experience and use convenient, mast general selection! 219 mm x 14 mm long and 4.5 m of seamless steel tube, chain generally choose 20 t, combined with the quantitative calculation can be set to use the number of mast.Construction plan in order to improve the economic efficiency, simplify the construction process for the principle, the use of advanced construction technology as far as possible, efforts to improve the level of standardization, mechanization, factory construction, attention to each link, take measures from various aspects, obtain economic benefits.3 construction progress plan optimizationSchedule can be expressed in horizontal way figure, also can use the network diagram. Crossing figure general simple, express image intuitive, arrange orderly flow operation, clear, but there is a clear planning and subjectivity, it is difficult to show the whole picture of large complex, not explicitly pointed out that the key work, said time, motor optimization co., LTD.Network planning biggest superiority is time parameter expression patterns are more abundant than crossing, work through the calculation of time parameters of the first time, the earliest start time and end at the earliest time, find out the key work, non-critical work, clearly the focus of the tight tight after work before, to non-critical work to time, to resources, transferring time and resources to the key work, to find a place can be optimized.4 construction layout optimizationConstruction layout can reflect the features of the construction unit, safe and civilized construction site, will win the good social reputation, good construction layout can make a beautiful and clean, the coast is clear, the materials are placed orderly, construction in an orderly way, security, fire control, security can get effective guarantee.On the basis of a variety of temporary facilities on site planning site, layout, construction civilization required, safe and orderly, clean, not a nuisance, not harm the public interests, conform to the requirements of the occupational safety and health. A variety of temporary buildings set up to facilitate management, solid and reliable, considering wind, thunder, the rainy season, and other disasters, and health requirements, comply with the provisions of the fire alarm and related laws and regulations. In addition,Still need to pay attention to optimize the layout in the following aspects:4.1 the arrangement of construction equipmentAccording to the characteristics and nature of different equipment specification is decorated, fully consider steel truck, concrete transportation, crawler cranes and other large vehicles maneuvering problem, to prevent causing inconvenience, such as: concrete pump put the position is not reasonable cause pipeline layout is unreasonable; Tower crane to decorate the serious study of buildings and grounds, not considering building external wall ever post, cantilever, and so on and so forth, only by a layer of positioning, cause tower crane installation position are insufficient or not since the fall; Put in the balcony, the hoisting frame window location, such as external walls caused by too many holes.Pay attention to the construction equipment arrangement and the material yard and the order of transportation road layout of such as: a vertical mechanical construction site, should decorate a hoist, yard and transport routes to decorate material, not the other way round.4.2 temporary facilities layoutTemporary facilities should be compact, covers an area of province, less as far as possible to build temporary facilities. According to the size of the project, the construction period, construction method, etc., based on the principle of cost savings. For all kinds of temporary facilities, temporary electricity utilization, temporary water, fire control facilities, such as comprehensive planning, to determine the distribution box, cable, wires, thermal power construction reasonable holder lines, pipelines, etc, to ensure the whole plane reasonable arrangement and construction safety.The construction site should be unblocked drainage systems. Living area dormitory fire prevention spacing must be considered, prevent place temporary accommodation on high pressure line, lest leave serious security hidden danger.4.3 environmental protectionTo prevent paint, solvents and other organic volatile construction sites and bulk cement tank under the direction of the wind, pollution caused by the downwind effect and the security of person. Asbestos products, and similar asbestos and harmfulness of toxic materials such as mineral fibre, should avoid a lot of storage on site. Using low noise of air compressors, generators and other equipment, and in a place less affected, when necessary, in isolation. Location Settings specified in the construction site waste tank, production dustbin, living garbage, waste classification and collection. Avoid street kitchen decorate, chimney in the upper hand, cause pollution and the influence of city appearance.4.4 health securityConstruction site worker dormitory, unfavorable setting must be set should be separated from construction site as far as possible, take some medicine should be set up and first aid. In the operating point of welding, paint workplaces, etc., should be equipped with corresponding fire control facilities. Site road should be convenient and fire. Easy happening in the fire area construction and equipment storage and use of flammable and explosive, exclusion zone should be set up. The site should be smoking, fire escape, emergency evacuation passageway and emergency meeting point译文：施工组织设计的优化摘要施工组织的设计对于科学有序地指导工程的施工具有非常的重要的意义。依据施工的组织设计的编制的特点, 结合工程的实例, 分别分析了优化施工的组织的设计的以下方面。关键词:施工组织设计;方案的优化比选;管理1 编制组织和编制人员的优化施工的组织设计的编制首先应得到企业的领导者的重视, 由技术的负责人牵头, 生产、经济、分管负责人同时参加方案的编制, 而不应该只由技术人员进行编写, 只有这样产生的施工的组织设计才能全面的具体的, 重点的突出, 且能综合平衡, 施工的现场也能更加容易的进行。施工的组织的设计具有很强的综合性和技术性。编制施工组织设计是工程的技术人员通过脑力的劳动,对各方的素材进行的加工的过程, 是工程的技术人员多年积累的施工技术及管理的经验, 尤其是他们的智力资源能够得到充分的发挥和体现, 而不是生搬硬套的照抄教材和相关的规范。因此, 施工组织的设计的编制质量的高低, 主要决定于编制的人员的个人素质的高低: 是否具有坚实的理论的基础和丰富的经验; 是否能够善于的借鉴他人的先进经验和成果等。2 施工方案的优化能够合理的选择施工的方案是施工组织设计的核心, 能够直接地影响到施工现场的施工组织和施工的工期。施工方案的优化选择, 一方面可进行定性的分析, 凭借丰富的施工经验和管理的经验,判断施工的方案的优劣,如:技术上是否可行,工期是否适当，施工的复杂的程度,安全的可靠性如何,劳动力和机械的设备是否能够满足要求,是否地充分的发挥了现有的机械的设备的作用, 保证质量的施工措施是否完善可靠,季节性的施工的情况怎样, 施工的场地的利用是否合理;另一方面, 应该进行定量的分析,运用工期的指标、单位建筑面积的造价、降低成本的指标、投资额等各项技术的经济的指标作为定量的分析。在确定施工的方案时,采用方案的比较法、排序法、设备选用法对各种的施工方案进行比较,使用既能保证工程的质量、工期,又能够取得最佳效益的施工地方案1。以郑州的新力电厂(3200MW) 机组烟气脱硫的工程吸收塔壳体的制作安装工程作为例: 本工程共有两台吸收塔需要制安, 两台塔可依次进行施工。塔体的规格为14500mm38000mm(1号) 和10000mm38000mm(2号); 塔体的材料为Q235- B。2.1施工方法的优选塔体的施工方法有正装法、倒装法两种。细分又有充气顶升法、水浮法、卷装法、内短桅杆提升法、液压提升法、利用塔吊的分片正装法等等。若使用正装的方法, 安全的系数比较较高,但无论使用分段组对还是使用逐片组对制作,都需要使用大量的吊车,内外都是脚手架,从成本上进行考虑,正装的方法不是最优的方法;如果使用倒装的方法法,能够减少高空的作业,改善组对、焊接等劳动的条件,节约了成本,但安全的保证的措施的要求高。综合两者的优缺点, 使用的是塔下段倒装的方法法、塔上部正装的方法的施工的方案,这样既能够组织两塔的施工的流水作业(即一号塔筒体倒装施工完成后,拆除至二号塔进行施工),又能保证较快的施工的进度和良好的经济效应。另外倒装的方法的液压的提升需要专业提升的机械,而短桅杆的提升法仅需要使用现场的自制的短抱杆及配备足够的倒链来提升;本施工的方法具有施工的手段简化、施工的用料节省、开工早、周期比较短、移步较快、质量较好等优点。最后塔下段的倒装法的施工方法我们选短桅杆提升的方法。2.2 施工的机具的优选施工的机械大都是按照工程的特点同时结合安全、负荷、方便操作以及相关的成本进行优选。例如吊车,就需要按照现场的条件以及工程的特点确定是用履带吊,还是汽车吊或者是塔吊。在确定了吊车的种类
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