机械毕业设计-流量为260th卧式蒸汽冷凝器设计.pdf

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?mpa2 . 2? ?mpa75. 0? ?20? ?97.164?180?105?mpa2 . 2? ?mpa7 . 0? 2 6 .241 m? ?252.54500 ?20#? 390 ? 6 ? mmdn1000? ?150gb? ? ?151gb? ? ? ?390 ? ? ? ?:?;?;?;? abstract heat exchanger called heat exchanger again, it is a kind of the thermal fluid heat transfer to cold fluid equipment, and realize the heat exchange and transmission in the process of chemical production indispensable equipment, has the vital significance in the factory. heat exchanger can be a single device, such as a heater, cooler and steam condenser, etc. but also part of the process equipment, such as waste heat recovery unit in petrochemical industry, coal industry, and so on. temperature heat exchanger are two different materials in a heat exchanging equipment, eventually achieve the material cooling, or heating equipment for the purpose of cold material. this heat exchanger is steam condenser is very common in into during equipment, the heat exchanger has the advantages of resistance to high pressure, low cost, convenient cleaning is unfavorable and scale advantages. known condition is: the design pressure for tube side and shell side, working temperature tube side and shell side, the design temperature tube side and shell side, the medium as the water passes, shell side medium is water vapor. based on the heat transfer area of the given conditions. considering the characteristic of medium etc factors, using (material) seamless steel tube, this design uses the root heat exchange tube can meet the change of heat. set rod of 6 root number, calculate the cylinder diameter. completed the pressure drop calculation, strength calculation, opening reinforcement, short tube box section wall thickness calculation, etc. in strength design, strength design basis for cylinder, head and checking, according to the inlet connection of traffic and exports over the selection of nozzle diameter, opening reinforcement method on the basis of equal area reinforcement calculation. the design of flange, tubesheet extended and do according to the hypothesis of elastic support for tube plate design and checking, tube plate and the heat exchange tube connections for welding, rod and tube plate to the threaded connection structure. at the same time, for the horizontal vessel saddle checking. this design make full use of material, is more occasions. 608 more embodies the heat exchange tube, so the heat exchange efficiency. at the same heat exchanger in the heat exchanger is very cheap and safe. so the heat exchanger occupies an important position in the factory. key words:fixed tube sheet? heat exchanger? different materials? reinforcing ? ? . 1 1.1 ? . 1 1.2 ? . 1 1.3 ? . 2 1.4 ? . 3 1.5 ? . 4 1.6 ? . 5 1.7 ? . 6 1.8 ? . 7 1.9 ? . 8 1.10 ? . 8 1.11 ? . 9 ? . 12 2.1 ? . 12 2.2 ? . 12 2.3 ? . 13 2.4 ? . 13 2.5 ? . 14 2.6 ? . 14 2.7 ? . 15 2.8 ? . 16 2.9 ? . 16 2.10 ? . 17 2.11 ? . 30 2.12 ? . 30 2.13 ? . 31 2.14 ? . 32 2.15 ? . 37 2.16 ? . 40 2.16.1 ? . 40 2.16.2 ? . 40 ? . 45 ? . 46 ? ? 1 ? ? ? 1.1 ? ? 1t =20? ? 1t =85? ?1p=2.2mpa ?1g=260000kg/h ? 2t =164.97? ? 2t =80? ?2p=0.7mpa 1.2 ? ?5 .52 2 8520 2 1 1 1? ? ? ? ? tt t ? 2 1/7 .985mkg? ?)/(178. 41?kgkjcp ?1?=0.6557w/(m?) ?1?=5.22910-4pas ? pr1=2.96 ? ? ?97.1642? tti ?5 .122 2 8097.164 2 2 1 2? ? ? ? ? tt t ?97.164 2 97.16497.164 2 2 2? ? ? ? ? i tt t ? ? 2 ? ?2?=943.4kg/m ?:2?=4.122kg/m ? ?2cp=4.258kj/(kg?) ? 2cp =2.583kj/(kg?) ? ?2=0.688w/(m?) ? 2?=0.0313w/(m?) ? ?spa? ? 6 2 103.230? ? spa? ?6 21061.14? ? ?42. 12?pr ?2 . 12?pr 1.3 ? ? ?=0.98 ?: q0=g1cp1( 11tt ? )1000/3600 =2600004.178(85-20)1000/3600 =1.9613107w ?)( 2 2 220ttcprgq? g2?r ? 2 t ? r=2763.5j/kg ? ? ? 3 ? ? ? ?) (22 0 2 ttcpr q g i)8097.164(310258. 43105 .276398. 0 7109613. 1 ? ? =6.4kg/s ? wttcpgqi0498.238500)8097.164(103258. 44 . 6) (2222? ?: wrg.27634 . 6 3 22? ? 3 t ?: )( 1 3112ttcpgq? ? ? ? ? ? cpg 1 11 2 3t q t ? 4 .57 1086280000 06239761920 1000178. 4260000 360098. 076864001 ? ? ? ? 1.4 ? ?:nt? ? ? ? ? ) ln( ) () ( 32 1 321 tt tt tttt i i ? ? ? ? 4 .5780 8597.164 ln 4 .57808597.164 53.45 6 .22 97.79 ln 6 .2297.79 ? ? ? ?:? nt ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2097.164 4 .5797.164 ln 2097.1644 .5797.164 ) ln( ) ()( 1 32 132 tt tt tttt i i 5 .138 97.144 57.110 ln 4 .37 ? ? ?25658. 0 57.107 6 .27 4 .5797.164 4 .5785 3 31 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? tt tt p i ?0786. 3 6 .27 97.84 4 .5785 8097.164 31 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? tt tt r i ? 2 ? 2-6(a)?: ? =0.84 ?2 .3853.4584. 0?nmtt? ? ? 4 ? ?4677. 0 97.79 4 .37 8597.164 204 .57 12 13 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? tt tt p ?0 204 .57 97.16497.164 13 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? tt tt r i ? 2 ? 2-6(a)?: ? =0.89 ?: mt? = nt? =0.89138.5=123.3? ?:)/(600kmwk? 1.5 ? ?:)/(11000kmwk? ?: 87. 9 23684 233730.488 2 .38620 98. 0498.385002 tkm0 2 0? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?q f ? ? 8 .271 135630 17332672 3 .1231100 98. 076864001 tm0 2 0 ? ? ? ? ? ? k q f ? ? 252.5 ? ?: ? d0=25mm ? di=20mm ? l=4500mm ?: ? ? 7 .893 0.35325 137.67 5 . 4025. 014. 3 8 .12787. 9 d 0 00 ? ? ? ? ? ? l ff nt ? 390 ?. ? 0.100001.0*3.612 4 02.002.0 14.3 2 390 4 dd 2 ii 1 ? ? ? ? ? tn a ?: s g w/m73. 0 0.13548520 260000 0.17 .9853600 260000 a360011 1 1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 5 ?: 1i111?dw=re? 26008.5=38.241281.41=?4-105.2290.02/0.73985.7? ?: ?15.70 2 3 .140 2 853 .55 2 13 1 1 ? ? ? ? ? tt t ?: 4781 1.15 0.747398.36 )02. 0100( 69. 0)15.70015. 01 (3605 )100( )015. 01 (3605 2 . 0 8 . 0 2 . 0 8 . 0 1 1 1 1? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? id wt ? ?: ?65.37 2 3 .75 2 203 .55 2 13 2 1 ? ? ? ? ? tt t ?: 3645 1.15 0.745640.92375 )02. 0100( 69. 0)65.37015. 01 (3605 )100( )015. 01 (3605 2 . 0 8 . 0 2 . 0 8 . 0 1 2 1 1? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? id wt ? 1.6 ? ? gb151-1999 ? 1.25d0 ? ?:s=0.032 m ?27.13901 . 11 . 1?tcnn? 29 ? ?:mdnsdc996. 04) 1(01? ?:di=1m ?;4.5 1 5 . 4 ? id l ? ?: h=0.2di=0.2*1=0.2m ?:mm37033. 0 3 1 3 ?bm d b i ? ?:?101 .111 37. 0 5 . 4 1? b l nb ? ? 6 1.7 ? ?: 2 0 20842. 0)1 (m s d bdfi? ?: ?:sm0.08 0842. 04 .943 91. 5 22 2 2? ? ? f g w ? ?:sm f g w18.7 0842. 0122. 4 91. 5 22 2 2? ? ? ? ?: 0.05m 18.75 0.57625 025. 0608 025. 06081 22 0 2 0 t 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? dn dnd d t i e ? ?: ?03.135?wt ?150 2 164.9703.135 2 2 ? ? ? ? ? tt t w m ?:?m?188.3 spa? ?6 10 ?:?m?917.3 3 mkg ?)/(6905. 0?mwm? ? 49.7608080. 2080. 2 495. 0 495. 0 ? t snn ?:?= 0.02642 7 .49*5 . 4 91. 52 ? sln g ?:561 103 .188 0.026424?4 re 6 ? ? ? ? ? m? ?: 7777.1590.12124924453564141.2887 )561() 103 .188 81. 93 .9176905. 0 (51. 1)re()(51. 1 3 1 3 1 6 23 3 1 3 1 2 23 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? m mm g a ? ? ? ? 7 ?: ?952?tw ?13108 10230.3 04. 008. 0943.4 r 6- 2 22 e? ? ? ? ?edw ?:spaw? ?6 2106 .298? ?0.964) 106 .298 10230.3 ()( 14. 0 6 -6 14. 0 2 2 1? ? ? ? w? ? ? ? 2-12 ?:100?sj ?: 1164.896.4*461.12399086*10.75100964. 042. 1 0.064 0.688 j 3 1 s1 3 1 2 2 2 ? ? ?pr de 1.8 ? ? gb-1999 ? 138 ? ?: )/(108 . 8 25 2wmr? ? ?: )/(102 .35 25 1wmr? ? ? ?: ii j d d d d rr k 0 1 0 12 2 11 1 ? ? ? 645.8 710.000161910.00044650.00094651 1 02. 0 025. 0 4781 1 02. 0 025. 0 102 .35108 . 8 8 .1164 1 1 55 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?:1.04 620 8 .645 / 0 ?kk j ? ?: ? ? 8 1137.9 80.000212360.00044940.00022642 1 02. 0 025. 0 3645 1 02. 0 025. 0 102 .35108 . 8 77771 1 1 11 1 55 0 1 0 12 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ii j d d d d rr k ? ?:1.03 1100 9 .1137 / 0 ?kk j (?) 1.9 ? ?: l =2.0424m ?: 0.9576m?l ?: )?45848.7w/( 45.7043328 94672095486.32 9576. 0*025. 0*14. 3*608 98. 0*662138251.35 ) /(02 2 ? ?ldnqqt? ?: ?79.1)108 . 88 .1164/1 (45848.75 .122)/1 ( 5 2 2 2 2 ? ? rqttw? 9 .151 .7995t -te w w2? ? ?: )(164194.6w/ 97.4796672 16005639.3 2.0424*0.025*3.14*608 0.98*16332285 )/(02 2 ?ldnqqt? ?: ?114)108 . 8 7777.1 1 164194.6(150)/1 ( 5 2 2 2 ? ? rqttm w ? ?21.0311403.135: ? w wtte 1.10 ? ?: 1.3m/s 0.05985.73600 245000 360011 1 1? ? ? a g u ? ? ? 9 ?: 49012)105.229/(02. 03 . 1985.7/re -4 1111?idw ?: 0.0213 49012 3164. 0 re 3164. 0 0.2525. 0 1 ? ?: 4 . 1?id? ?: 5588.5pa 02. 02 4 . 15 . 43 . 17 .9850.0213 2 22 1 1 1? ? ? ? i di d lu p ? ?: 2?tn ?:3?n ?: 4997.5pa 2 323 . 17 .985 2 22 1 1 2? ? ? nnu p t? ?:mmd250 1? ?:1.41m/s 7 .98525. 014. 33600 2450004 3600 4 2 1 2 1 1 ? ? ? ? ?d g u ?:1469.8pa 2 5 . 141. 17 .985 2 )5 . 01 ( 22 1 1 3? ? ? ? ? u p ? ?:12055.8pa8 .14695 .49975 .5588321?pppp ?:35000pppap? 1.11 ? ?: ? ? 10 0.05m 025. 06081 . 1 025. 06081 . 1 22 0 2 0 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? dnd dnd d ti ti e ?: ?0.07) 032. 0 025. 0 1 ( 1 . 13 . 0)1 ( 0 2? s d bdfi ?: ?: 0.096m/s 0.07943.4 91. 5 22 2 2? ? ? f g w ? ?: 20.52m/s 0.074.122 91. 5 22 2 2? ? ? f g w ? ?: ?: 14788 103 .230 038. 0096. 04 .943 re 6 2 22 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?edw ?: 561 10188.3 0.0264244 re 6- ? ? ? ? ? ? mu ?: ?:35. 0? ?:54. 0? ?: ?: 0 . 1?d? ?: 0 . 1?d? ?:?: 511pa 1 35. 0 0.0321 ) 110( 1 . 1 2 0.0964 .943) 1( 2 22 2 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? de bi a d ndw p ? ? ?: ? ? 11 176645pa 1 54. 0 0.0321 ) 110( 1 . 1 2 20.52122. 4) 1( 2 2 2 2 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? de bi a d ndw p ? ? ?: 0?bp ? ?: ?21. 10?d? ?11. 10?d? ?:mmd250 2 ? ?:mmd100 2 ? ?: 0.8m/s 1 . 014. 34 .943 91. 544 22 2 2 2 2 ? ? ? ? d g u ? ?: 29.2m/s 25. 014. 34.122 91. 544 22 22 2 2 ? ? ? ? d g u ? ?: ?452.8pa 2 5 . 10.84 .943 2 )5 . 1 ( 22 2 2 ? ? ? u pc ? ?2635.9pa 2 2 .295 . 1122. 4 2 )5 . 1 ( 22 2 2 ? ? ? u pc ? ?: ?: 1071.11pa08 .45221. 15110?cbdapppp? ?: 204744.7pa02635.911. 11820800?cbdapppp? ?:? ?pap250000? pp? ? pp? ? ? ? 12 ? ? ? 2.1 ? ? ? ? ? 1?#20 2? 45005 . 225? 3?a? mtk q f ? ? ? 0 2 0 ? 0 0 0 0 ffa tk q f m ? ? ? ? ? 214.6 4? nt ? ld a nt 0? ?608 5? dn mm gb151-1999? ? 43 16 6? gb151-1999? ? 44 6 2.2 ? ? ? ? ? 1?gb151-1999 ? 11 2?smmgb151-1999 ? 1232 3 ? ? snmmgb151-1999 ? 1244 ? ? 13 2.3 ? ? ? ? ? 1 ? ? smmgb151-1999 ? 1232 2 ?nt? ld a nt 0 ? ? 608 3 ? ? nc? tcnn1 . 1? 29 4?d0mm25 5 ? ? b3mm825. 003?db8 6?dimm 04) 1(dnsdci?996 7 ? ? dimmjb/t4737-951000 8 ? ? dlmm32 1 bddi?980 2.4 ? ? ? ? ? 1? cp mpappc1 . 1?0.77 2?di mm ?-81000 3?20r 4 ? ? ? t ?mpa gb150-1998 ? 4-1 ? ? 123 5 ? ? ?0.85 6 ? ? ? mm c t ic p dp ? ? ? ? 2 3.7 7?2c mm 2 8?1c mm 0 9?d? mm 2cd?5.7 10?n? mm gb151-1999 ? 5.3.2 ? 8 8 ? ? 14 11?e? mm 21ccne?6 12 ? ? t ? mpa e eic t dp ? ? ? 2 )(? ?64.6 13?6 .10485. 0123? tt 14 ? ? ? ? wpmpa )( 2 ei t e w d p ? ? ? ? 1.25 2.5 ? ? 1 ? ? tp mpa t c t p p 25. 1 ? ? ? 1.04 2 ? ? ?mpa e e i t dp ? ? ? 2 )(? ? 87.2 3? s 9 . 0?=187.4mpa? 2.6 ? ? ? ? ? 1?id mm 1000 2?cpmpappc1 . 1?2.42 3 ? ? ?0.85 4?q345 5 ? ? ? t ? gb151-1999 ? 5.3.2 ? 4-1 170 6 ? ? ? ? mm c t ic p dp 5 . 0 2? ? ? ? 8.41 7?2c mm 1 8?1c mm 0 9?d? mm 2cd?9.41 ? ? 15 10?n? mm gb151-1999 ? 5.3.2 10 11 ? ? n? mm 10 12?e? mm 21ccne?9 13?1h mm jb/t4737-95 ? 1 14?2h mm jb/t4737-95 ? 1 15?a 2 m jb/t4737-95 ? 1 16?v 3 m jb/t4737-95 ? 1 17?mkgjb/t4737-95 ? 1 2.7 ? ? ? ? ? 1?cpmpappc1 . 1?2.42 2?id mm 1000 3?q345 4 ? ? ? t ?mpagb150-1998170 5 ? ? ?0.85 6 ? ? ? mm c t ic p dp ? ? ? ? 2 8.44 7?2c mm 1 8?1c mm 0 9?d? mm 2cd?9.44 10?n? mm gb151-1999 ? 5.3.2 10 11 ? ? n? mm 10 12?e? mm 21ccne?9 13 ? ? ? t ? mpa e eic t dp ? ? ? 2 )(? ?135.65 ? ? 16 14? tt ?=144.5mpa? 15 ? ? ? ? ? wpmpa )( 2 ei t e w d p ? ? ? ? 2.58 2.8 ? ? 1? tp mpa t t p p 25. 1 ? ? ? 3.23 2 ? ? ?mpa e e i t dp ? ? ? 2 )(? ? 181.06 3? s9 . 0?=263.9mpa? 2.9 ? ? ? ? ? ? 1? ? ? jb/t4703-20 00 pn=2. 5mpa 2?0d mm jb/t4703-20 00 1195 3 ? ? id mm jb/t4703-20 00 1140 4 ? ? nd mm jb/t4703-20 00 1000 5?16mnr 6? jb/t4704-20 00 pn=2. 5mpa 7? ? ? gb/t3985-19 95 ? ? 17 8 ? ? nd mm jb/t4704-20 00 1000 9?0d mm jb/t4704-20 00 1087 10?id mm jb/t4704-20 00 1037 11? mm jb/t4704-20 00 68 12?1? mm jb/t4704-20 00 3 13 ? ? m27236 (? 14mm? 2.10 ? ? gb151-1999 ? 5.7 ? 18 ? ? e ? q235? a.? ? ? b.?ttstccrtaspqdaknaa? ? ? ? ? 1?idmm1000 2 ? ? a 2 mm 4 2 i d a ? ? 785000 3?s?mm8 4 ? ? sa 2 mm )(sissda?25320.96 5?t?mm2.5 6?n608 7?dmm25 8 ? ? an)( titadnn?107388 9 ? ? tempagb150-1998 ? f5186000 ? ? 18 10 ? ? n29 11 ? ? smmgb151-199932 12 ? ? ? nsmmgb151-199944 13 ? ? ? da 2 mm )866. 0( sssnand? 14072.8 14 ? ? ta 2 mmdtansa? 2 866. 0 531954.7 15 ? ? tdmm?/4 ttad ? 823.2 16 ? ? ? 1a 2 mm 4 2 1 d naa ? ?486700 17?aa /1?0.62 18 ? ? ? sempagb150-1998 ? f5186000 19 ? ? ? ? q ss ta ea en q ? ? ?4.24 20? 1/ ana?0.22 21?s?)1 ( 6 . 0 4 . 0qs? ? 5.47 22?t? ? ? 4 . 0 6 . 0 4 . 0? ? ? q t 7.92 23 ? ? ? ? t? i t t d d ?0.8232 24 ? ? lcr mmgb151-1999 ? 32600 25 ? ? ? t s ?mpagb150-1998 ? f2196 26 ? ? imm 22 )2(25. 0tddi? 8.004 ? ? 19 27?rc t s trec?/2 2 ?136.8 28 ? ? cr ? 2 / 1 2 r cr t s cr c il ? ? ?71.15 29?mpa t t cr123? c.?pmmm? ? 1 ? ? nmmgb150-1998 ? 9-125 2 ? ? 0bmm 2 0 n b ?12.5 3?y mpa gb150-1998 ? 9-211 4?m2.0 5 ? ? bmm 053. 2bb ? 9 6 ? ? ? gdmmbddg20?1069 7 ? ? ? awnybdw ga?14. 3332309.34 8 ? ? ? pwn )09. 2( 28. 6785. 0 2 mpp pmb dpdw c c gc g p ? ? ? 2463335.3 9 ? ? ? b ?mpa gb150-1998 ? f4 ? 40mnb 635 10 ? ? ? aa 2 mm b awa/a?523.3 11 ? ? ? pa 2 mm b pawa/?3879.3 12 ? ? ma 2 mm ,maxpamaaa ?3879.3 ? ? 20 13 ? ? bdmm1140 14 ? cf? ? glmm 2 )( gb g dd l ? ?35