历年高考宾语从句.doc

. 高考英语宾语从句一、 关联词关联词又称“连词”或“引导词”，是宾语从句的重要组成部分。连词：1.连接代词（that，who，whom，what，which） 2.连接副词（when，where，why，how） 3.从属连词（if，whether）由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句，用if或whether引导.在试卷中一般依据从句中“缺什么补什么”的原则，结合上下文选用恰当的连词。如：1. I dont know who will be our headteacher next semester. 缺指人的主语用who，如缺指物的主语则用what。2. I doubt what my epal will write soon. 缺指物的宾语用what，如缺指人的宾语则用whom。3. I think that my deskmate will get through all the major subjects. 句子不缺成分，用that; 如果that后跟有代词，可省略that。4. She let me know when the meeting would be held. 缺时间状语，用when；缺地点状语，用where；缺原因状语，用why；缺方式状语，用how。5. I dont know which / what topic I should choose. 缺定语，用what或which。6. The teacher asked whether / if I was getting ready for the coming test. 表示“是否（有，能，已经）”等含义，用whether或if。7. Id be interested to know whether he will see the movie“Dawn” or not. 强调是否对比时，用连词whether。例1A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do. A. how B. afterC. what D. when例2Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game. A. why B. whatC. whoD. that例3The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _ he thought was not enough. A. where B. howC. what D. which例4The way he did it was different _ we were used to. A. in whichB. in what C. from whatD. from which例5He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning _ his teammates had done. A. what B. whichC. why D. while二、 语序以从属连词（if，whether）、连接代词（what，which，who，whose）和连接副词（when，where，how，why）等引导的宾语从句用陈述句语序。例6No one can be sure _ in a million years.A. what man will look like B. what will man look likeC. man will look like what D. what look will man like例7The boss went up to ask _.A. what the matter was B. whats the matter C. what was the matter D. what the matter is三、 时态宾语从句的时态要和主句相呼应:1. 如果主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句谓语动词时态可不受约束；2. 如果主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词的时态须与之呼应； Eg. I thought he had gone to town today.3. 当从句叙述的是客观真理时，其谓语动词仍用现在时态。如： Eg. Galileo insisted that the earth moves round the sun.例8The manager entered the office and was happy to learn four fifths of the tickets _. A. was booked B. had been booked C. were booked D. have been booked例9We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ office soon.A. leaves B. would leaveC. had left D. had been away例10Do you work in the lab every afternoon? No, but sometimes I wish I _.A. have time B. had time to do C. have time to D. had time to四、 宾语从句的减缩式宾语从句有时可减缩为“疑问词+不定式”的形式。例11Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. A. expected B. to expectC. to be expectingD. expects例12It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _. A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it例13The mother didnt know_ to blame for the broken glasses as it happened while she was out.A. whoB. when C. how D. what五、 宾语从句的特殊式1. 复合连接代词在宾语从句中的使用。如：Sarah hopes to become a friend of whoever shares her interest. （whoever= anyone who / any person who）These wild flowers are so special I would do whatever I can to save them.（whatever= anything that）It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. whatever在此处是泛指，不可被what替代。而“I cant remember at the moment who has said the words.”中的who表特定的某人，不可以改成whoever。2. it作形式宾语，从句作真正宾语。（1） 动词 + it + important / necessary / natural / etc. + thatclause。thatclause中谓语动词前可加should，亦可省略。如：I think it important that you （should） attend the conference.（2） 动词+ it + as + 名词 / 形容词 + clause。如：The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his lecture.（3） 动词+ it + 介词 + thatclause。常见的有：owe it to sb. + thatclause（把归功于某人）， leave it to sb. + thatclause（把留给某人去做）， take it for granted + thatclause （想当然）， keep it in mind + thatclause （记住）。如：I just took it for granted that hed always be around.（4） 动词 + it + clause。如：I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.英语中少数介词很活跃，能带从句作其宾语。如：I go to see a film except when it rains. 3. 含宾语从句的反意疑问句。当陈述部分带有that引导的宾语从句时，疑问部分的主语和谓语一般应与陈述部分主句的主语和谓语保持对应关系。如：Brian told you that there wasnt anyone in the room at that time, didnt he?当陈述部分主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect / suspect / feel等时，疑问部分的主语和谓语往往与陈述部分从句中的主语和谓语保持对应关系，此时实质上是将对主句的否定转移到对从句的否定上。如：I dont suppose anyone will volunteer, will they?4. 两个及以上表示陈述的宾语从句并列时，第一个连词that可以省略，但第二个及以后的不可省。如：He told me （that） they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice.5. 主语 + be +形容词 + clause。如：Im afraid that I cant promise you anything.例14The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever例15_ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. WhoB. The one C. AnyoneD. Whoever例16Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. A. thatB. it C. thisD. you例17I dont think you could have been used to the quick pace of life while studying in the USA_ you? _. I thought of returning to our country at one time. A. had; Yes B. do; YesC. have; No D. were; No例18With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _ he was a man of action. A. which B. thatC. what D. whether宾语从句练习题类型一：引导词的运用（1） I dont know _or notA whether he is at homeB if he is at homeC that he is at home D whether is he at home（2） This depends on _ the weather is fineA which B whetherC if D that（3） The teacher asked the new student _ class he was inA which B whereC if D that（4） I dont know _ Mr Green will come to see us Hell help us with our EnglishA why B when C how D where（5） Be careful！ Dont break the bottles Do you hear _ I said? David? Yes， MumA what B that C why D if（6） Do you know _ Mr Blacks address is? He may live at NO18 or No 19 of Bridge Street Im not sure of _A where， which B where， whatC what， whichD what， where（7） There is not much difference between the two I really dont know _A what should I chooseB which I should chooseC which should I choose D what I should choose类型二：宾语从句的语序（1）Did you find out _?A she was looking for whose childB whose child was she looking forC whose child she is looking forD whose child she was looking for（2）Are you interested in _?A how did he do it B he did it howC how he did itD he how did it（3）I dont know _ Can you tell me?A how the two players are old B how old are the two playersC the two players are how old D how old the two players are（4） What did the scientist say? He said he wondered if _ into space by spaceship one dayA he had to flyB he could flyC can he flyD could he fly（5）Excuse me， sir Could you tell me _?A Where the bank nearestB where is the nearest bankC where the nearest bank is D the nearest bank is where（6）She asked Tom _ with his car?A what the matter was B what the matter isC what was the matter D what is the matter类型三：时态（1） Its 7：30 I cant believe you_ cooking dinner yet， SallyA havent started B didnt C dont start D hadnt started（2）The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 _ Christmas Day A isB was C has beenD will be（3） The teacher said that the earth _round the sunA goesB go C went D will go（4） We d like to tell you that you _the examA have passed B had passed C passD will pass（5） “Could you tell me_?” “ Yes They _ to the library”A where are the twins， have beenB where were the twins， have beenC where the twins are， have goneD， where the twins were， have gone（6） Our father said that he _ a new computer next weekA will buy B have boughtC would buy D buys（7）I hear that he _ to Beijing yesterdayA goesB will goC wentD have gone类型四：其他反意疑问句，it做形式宾语（1）I dont think he is right，_?Aisnt he Bis he Cdo IDdont I（2） He believes she is right， _?Adoesnt he Bdoes he Cis sheDisnt she（3）I thought that he disliked playing football，_?Adidnt he Bdid he Cdid IDdidnt I（4） I find _ important that we practice English every dayA it B this C thatD what（5） You cant imagine _when they received the nice giftA how they were excited B how excited they wereC how excited were theyD they were how excited高考题1What did you parents think about your decision?They always let me do _ I think I should（06 全国）A whenB that C how D what2Please remind me _ he said he was going I may be in time to see him offA whereB whenC howD what（06 全国）3Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game （05全国卷）Awhy Bwhat Cwho Dthat4Someone is ringing the doorbell Go and see_（2000 上海）A who is heB who he isC who is itD who it is5We havent heard from Jane for a long timeWhat do you consider _to her?（NMET 1990）A was happeningB to happenC has happened D happening答案类型一：ABABACB类型二DCDBCC类型三AAAACCC类型四BAAAB高考题DBADC例题解析：例1解析： 待选项在从句中充当to do的宾语，故选C。例2解析： 由于从句中句意清楚，结构完整，故可排除B、C项；D项用于宾语从句时只起引导词的作用，无词义，同时不充当任何成分，而题干上下文表示因果关系，故选A。例3解析： 根据句子结构，for后面的从句缺少主语，故答案为C。例4解析： 答案为C。本题为词组be different from后跟what引导的宾语从句，不要误看作定语从句而选D。例5解析： 由句式结构可知mention后为宾语从句；do作实意动词时为及物动词，故空格处需要既能作do的宾语，又能引导宾语从句的连词，答案为A。例6解析： B项是特殊疑问句语序，有悖于宾语从句的陈述语序；C、D项句法、句意均不妥；A项是陈述句语序，故正确。例7解析： A项易被判断成陈述句语序，颇具迷惑性。实际上，从句中的what作主语，was为系动词，the matter是表语。B、D项时态错误，C项正确。例8解析：本题主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句中的事件先于主句的事件发生，且是被动，故选B。例9解析： 根据关键词soon可知动作尚未发生，又因主句谓语动词made为过去时，故选B。例10解析： 答案为D。wish后接宾语从句，其谓语动词要用虚拟形式。例11解析： 宾语从句减缩式“疑问词+不定式”是解题关键。选项C是不定式的进行时，强调动作“正在进行”，不符合题意，故选B。例12解析： “疑问词+不定式”作及物动词know的宾语，选项中it代替了the land，故正确答案为C。例13解析： B、C、D项的疑问词用错，故选A。例14解析： 本题考查的引导词引导宾语从句，同时作get的宾语。B、D两项在句中是作状语的；由于没有给出明确的指代物，故A项也不合适；答案为C。例15解析： whoever= anyone （anybody / any person / he） who，答案为D。例16解析： 答案为B。某些动词和动词短语（如appreciate，like，hate，see to等）后面不能直接带从句，往往需先插入it再带that，if或when引导的从句。例17解析： 本句带有推测的意味，疑问部分的谓语不能用情态动词。could have been 表示对过去的推测，故疑问部分的谓语应用were与之对应，应选D。例18解析： 因从句he was a man of action为主系表结构，且表达肯定意义，不缺少句子成分，故选B项。高中宾语从句练习题及答案详解1.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day _Ill never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory _well visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book _the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen _he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer _my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class _family is in the country? A. who B. whos C. which D. whose 14.Im interested in _you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isnt such a man _he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, _we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, _to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him 19.I dont like _ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what 21.The letter is from my sister, _is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who 23.Youre the only person _Ive ever met _could do it. A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who 24.I lost a book, _I cant remember now. A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that 25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, _Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what 26.I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV. A. that B. which C. as D. it 27.I can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together. A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when 28.The way _he looks at problems is wrong. A. which B. whose C. what D./ 29.This is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting. A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which 30.This machine, _for many years, is still working perfectly. A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after 31.The reason _he didnt come was _he was ill. A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.for which;what 32.He is working hard, _will make him pass the final exam. A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way _I do it. A./ B.which C.for which D.with which 34.I have two grammars, _are of great use. A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _used in your factory a few days ago. A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which 36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very kind of them. A. who B. which C. that D. it 37.This is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph. A. that B. which C. from that D. from which 38.He is not such a man _ would leave his work half done. A. that B. which C. who D. as 39. You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes. A. / B. why C. when D. whose 40. Smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. A. that B. which C. it D. though 41. - Did you ask the guard _ happened? - Yes, he told me all _ he knew. A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that 42. I shall never forget those years _ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _ has a great effect on my life. A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which 43. The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing. A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are 44. During the days _, he worked as a servant at the Browns. A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed 45. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it 46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see _ was going on inside house. A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that 47. Is _ some German friends visited last week? A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 48. John got beaten in the game, _ had been expected. A. as B. that C. what D. who 49. I have bought two ballpens, _ writes well. A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 50. All that can be eaten _ eaten up. A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been 1. A. which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。 2C. 和谁讲话”要说speak to sb. 本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。 3. D. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 4. C. when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 5A. which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。 6C. 解析同第5题。 7. A. 解析见第3题。 8. A. 本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。 9. A. “谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。 10. A. with which是介词+关系代词结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有用的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen. 11. C. in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse. In front of which在从句中作状语. 12. D. with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer. 13. D. whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语. 14. A. that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导. 15. D. the same.as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语. 16. D. such as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语. 17. B. as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语. 18. B. Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定语从句.with whom放在从句中为:I went to the concert with Li Ming. 19. C. as引导定语从句时通常构成suchas或the sameas固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。 as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用such a.,本