读书报告3_黑麦草对不同施肥历史的土壤中新鲜和残余的磷的吸收.ppt

freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories黑麦草从不同施肥历史的土壤中吸收新鲜和残余的磷 2011210198陈巧 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories 摘要关键词引言材料和方法结果讨论结论参考文献 plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 一 摘要 动物粪便作为磷源 全球动物粪便循环利用在有机农业上变得越来越重要 通过盆栽试验 使用放射性磷标记技术研究了黑麦草在供应动物粪便或可溶性矿物肥料的土壤上对磷吸收应用 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 一 摘要 在不同磷素状况和微生物活动的土壤上 标记土壤速效磷可以评估不同施肥历史残留在土壤上的磷含量 每个土样 收获四次黑麦草后新鲜磷的回收低于矿物p的回收 其中 粪便磷介于24 35 和矿物磷介于37 43 之间 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 一 摘要 新鲜粪肥中磷的回收受土壤有效磷含量的影响 对于评估植物吸收的粪便磷 间接同位素稀释技术是有用的 但必须考虑到磷的相互作用 例如 有机物对磷的吸收的影响 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 二 关键词 phosphorusanimalmanureresidualphosphorusisotopetechniquesphosphorusuptakeorganicandconventionalfarming freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 磷 动物粪便 残余的磷 同位素技术 磷的吸收 有机农业与常规农业 三 引言 利用磷的同位素示踪技术 研究了长期施用有机肥与常规种植对黑麦草吸收新鲜施用的动物粪便 水溶性无机磷肥及残留磷的影响 假设i 黑麦草在土壤上从有机质中吸收新鲜施用的粪便中的磷比传统种植系统中更高假设ii 降低吸收新鲜施用的粪肥磷而不是用矿物磷来补偿在施粪肥的土壤上吸收的残留磷 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 三 引言 对生长的意大利黑麦草在不同种植制度的土壤上进行田间试验 比较了收获四次的黑麦草从动物粪便中及从矿物肥料中吸收磷 确定了黑麦草吸收的残留磷及在不同施肥历史的土壤上的生长试验 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 四 materialandmethods材料与方法 croppingsystemsandsoilsplantgrowthexperimentandplantanalysessoilincubationexperimentandsoilanalysescalculationofpuptakebyryegrassfromdifferentsourcesuptakeofpfromfreshfertilizeruptakeofresidualppderivedfromtheseedsandfromthesoilstatisticalanalysis freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 4 1croppingsystemsandsoils种植系统和土壤 土壤样品取自于尔韦尔附近的巴塞尔 瑞士 长期定位试验场 是一个典型肥沃的淤泥土壤 农业部1999 表土层包含12 沙 淤泥72 粘土16 leifeldetal 2009 做个五处理 四个重复 处理一 bio dynamic biodyn 处理二 bio organic bioorg 处理三 conventionalwithmanure confym 处理四 conventionalexclusivelymineral conmin 处理五 non fertilizedcontrol nofert 采用七年制轮作split split plot拉丁方设计 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 4 2plantgrowthexperimentandplantanalyses植物生长实验和植株分析 土壤设的四个重复做相同处理 44 的持水能力 235g水 kg 1土壤干物质 20 80 85 大气湿度 土壤设三个处理 在每个土样上随机施用 处理一 不施用磷肥 空白 处理二 动物粪便中磷 牛粪 处理三 水溶性无机磷 磷酸氢二铵 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 4 2plantgrowthexperimentandplantanalyses植物生长实验和植株分析 黑麦草修剪时间为 播种后17天 31天 45天和59天 收获距地面2厘米以上 在第一 二和第三次收获后 氮 钾 钙 镁施用率为 mg kg 110 90 20 5 每次收割后 称量干物质产量 用sa分析植物的矿质养分 400毫mg的切碎在550 灰化4h 灰化物溶解在2ml的20 盐酸 加热 过滤和稀释至50ml 全磷测定方法 总氮含量分析使用卡劳尔巴闪光燃烧碳氮分析法 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 4 3soilincubationexperimentandsoilanalyses土培试验和土壤分析 分析土壤中磷 ph 水溶性磷状况 水土比为10 1悬浮动摇16小时 fardeau1993 微生物磷测定使用熏蒸提取法 oehletal 2001 全磷 无机和有机土壤中磷含量的确定用点火方法 saundersandwilliams1955 有机磷和无机磷用0 5mol l的硫酸从非点燃样品中萃取 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 4 4calculationofpuptakebyryegrassfromdifferentsources计算黑麦草吸收的不同来源的磷 黑麦草的磷来源 i 植物生长实验初期供应的新鲜磷肥 矿物磷或粪便磷 ii 残余磷 不同施肥土壤上未耗竭的有效磷和施肥土壤上残余的磷 iii 土壤样品原来含有的磷 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 4 5uptakeofpfromfreshfertilizer从新鲜肥料中吸收磷 pdff 100 saplmineralp33 samineralp33 with saplmineralp33 saofpinplantsgrownwithfreshlyapplied33plabeleddiammoniumphosphate kbqmg 1p samineralp33saofappliedfreshdiammoniumphosphate kbqmg 1p freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 4 5uptakeofpfromfreshfertilizer从新鲜肥料中吸收磷 theamountoffreshfertilizertakenupbytheplants pdff mgkg 1soil is pdff pdff pupt 100 2 with puptptakenupbytheplants mgkg 1soil thefraction ofpintheplant pdff 100 1 sapl p saplzerop 3 withsapl psainplantsgrownwithfreshfertilizer kbqmg 1p saplzeropsainplantsgrownonthesamesoilwithoutfreshfertilizer kbqmg 1p freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 4 5uptakeofpfromfreshfertilizer从新鲜肥料中吸收磷 therecoveryoffreshfertilizerpinplants recpff in is recpff 100 pdff f 4 with famountoffreshlyappliedpfertilizer 30mgpkg 1soilformineralp33 mineralpandmanurep respectively freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 4 6uptakeofresidualp残余磷的吸收 labelingsoilavailablepwithcarrier free33p orthophosphatepdrf 100 1 saplfertzerop saplnofertzerop 5 withpdrf fraction ofpinplantderivedfromresidualpsaplfertzeropsainplantsgrowninfertsoilscontainingresidualpbutnofreshpfertilizer kbqmg 1p saplnofertzeropsainplantsgrownonnofertsoilcontainingnoresidualpandnofreshpfertilizer kbqmg 1p freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 4 6uptakeofresidualp残余磷的吸收 pdrf 100 1 saplfertfp saplnofertfp 6 with saplfertfpsainplantsgrowninfertsoilscontainingresidualpandfreshpfertilizer kbqmg 1p saplnofertfpsainplantsgrownonnofertsoilcontainingnoresidualpbutfreshfertilizer kbqmg 1p freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 4 6uptakeofresidualp残余磷的吸收 theamountofresidualp pdrf mgkg 1soil takenupbytheplantsis pdrf pdrf pupt 100 7 therecoveryofresidualp recprf inplantsis recprf 100 pdrf ptotfert ptotnofertt 8 with ptotferttotalpcontentinsoilfert mgpkg 1soil ptotnoferttotalpcontentinsoilnofert mgpkg 1soil freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 4 7pderivedfromtheseedsandfromthesoil磷来源于种子和土壤 phosphorusderivedfromthesoil pdfs canbecalculatedby pdfs mgkg 1soil pupt pdff pdrf pdfseed 9 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 4 8statisticalanalysis统计分析 statisticalanalyseswerecarriedoutusingtheglmprocedureofthestatisticalanalysispackagesystat11 systatsoftwareinc usa two wayanalysesofvariancewereruntotestthesignificanceoftheeffectsofsoils fertilizertreatmentsandtheirinteractions percentagedatawastransformedusingarcsin transformationbeforeanalysisofvariance freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 五 结果 pstatusofnon amendedandamendedsoils修订和修正的土壤磷状况drymatterproductionandpuptakebyryegrass干物质的生产和黑麦草吸收的磷puptakefromfreshfertilizersandresidualp从新鲜的肥料和残留磷中吸收磷 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 六 讨论 relationbetweenryegrassproductivity totalpuptakeandnnutritionuptakeoffreshlyappliedpfertilizersuptakeofresidualpmethodologicalconsiderationsindirectmethodtodetermineuptakefromresidualp freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 六 讨论 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 六 讨论 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 table2selectedcharacteristicsandpstatusofthesoils averageandstandarderror 六 讨论 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 六 讨论 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 fig 1a bsoilpstatusofamendedsoils waterextractablepandmicrobialpextractableinwaterafterchloroformfumigation averageandstandarderror 六 讨论 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 fig 1a bsoilpstatusofamendedsoils waterextractablepandmicrobialpextractableinwaterafterchloroformfumigation averageandstandarderror 六 讨论 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 fig 2totalshootdrymatterproductionforfourharvestsofitalianryegrassgrowingonsoilsfromdifferentcroppingsystemssubjectedtovariousfreshpfertilizertreatments averageandstandarderror 六 讨论 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 fig 3distributionoftotalptakenupbyfourharvestsofitalianryegrassamongpderivedfromsoil fromresidualpandfromfreshfertilizerasaffectedbysoilsoriginatingfromdifferentcroppingsystemsandbyfreshpfertilizertreatment 0p zerop manp manurep minp watersolublemineralp minp33 33plabeledwatersolublemineralp averageandstandarderror 六 讨论 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 fig 4cumulativeshootdrymatteryield totalpuptake puptakefromfreshfertilizer manureormineralp andpuptakefromresidualpovertheentiregrowthexperiment forthezerop filleddot manurep emptydot andmineralp filledtriangle treatmentappliedtothebiodyn left andconfymsoils right 六 讨论 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 六 讨论 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 六 讨论 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 六 讨论 freshandresidualphosphorusuptakebyryegrassfromsoilswithdifferentfertilizationhistories plantsoil 2010 334 391407doi10 1007 s11104 010 0390 6 fig 5recov