六年级上册英语素材Unit6短语词汇知识点梳理 译林版三起.doc

6AUnit 6 Keep our city clean 单元知识归纳短语积累1.keep our city clean 保持我们的城市干净 2. these pictures of our city这些我们城市的图片3. smoke from cars汽车的尾气 4.make the air dirty使空气变脏5.black smoke from factories工厂里的黑烟 6.messy and dirty又乱又脏7. take the metro to school=go to school by metro 乘地铁上学 8.dead fish 死鱼9. walk to school=go to school on foot 步行上学 10. move some factories away把工厂搬走11. put rubbish in the bin把垃圾放进垃圾桶 12.plant more trees种植更多的树13.help keep the air clean(help后的动词省略to) 有助于净化空气14.your ideas你们的主意 15.well done干得好17 sweep the floor 扫地18.by the river在小河边 19.throw rubbish扔垃圾20. on the floor 在地上21.walk home=go home on foot步行回家 22.after school放学后23.like living in the city喜欢住在城市 24. many museums 许多博物馆25. throw a banana skin on the ground把香蕉皮扔在地上 26. slip on the banana skin滑倒在香蕉皮上27. go to the hospital去医院看病 see the doctor看医生 28. pick it up把它捡起pick them up(把他们捡起)29. in the water在水里30. clean and beautiful又干净又漂亮 31. do that那样做32. too late 太迟了33. go to hospital 去医院（看病）重点句子1. What makes the air dirty? 什么使空气变脏？ Smoke makes the air dirty.烟雾使空气变脏。2. What makes the streets messy and dirty? 什么使街道变得又乱又脏？ Rubbish makes the streets messy and dirty. 垃圾使街道变得又乱又脏。3. What can we do to keep our city clean? 保持我们的城市整洁，我们可以做什么？ We can take the bus and the metro to school. 我们可以乘公共车和地铁上学。 We can walk to school. 我们可以走路上学。 We can move some factories away from our city. 我们可以把一些工厂搬离我们的城市。 We can put rubbish in the bin. 我们可以把垃圾放进垃圾桶。 We can plant more trees. 我们种更多的树。4. Is the city clean? 城市干净吗? 5. Is the river dirty? 河脏吗？ 6. The fish are dead. 鱼死了。7. Theres rubbish in the water. 水里有垃圾。8. They help keep the air clean. 它们有助于保持空气洁净。9. I like living in the city. 我喜欢住在城里。10. There are many museums, shops and cinemas. 有许多博物馆、商店和电影院。11. Bobby throws a banana skin on the ground. 鲍比把一块香蕉皮扔在地上。12. Bobby, you shouldnt do that. 鲍比，你不应该那样做。13. Billy slips on the banana skin and falls. 比利在香蕉皮上滑到并摔倒了。14. You should put your rubbish in the bin. 你应该把垃圾放进垃圾桶。15. The bedroom is messy. 卧室很乱。16. The clothes make the bed messy. 衣服使床乱了。17. The toys make the floor messy. 玩具使地面乱了。五、语法1. Keep our city clean 保持城市清洁。（keep + sth +形容词）Keep +复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）表示“保持某人或某物的某种状态”。本句中的宾语补足语是形容词。又如：Please keep your clothes clean.请保持衣服干净。Put on this pair of gloves. They will keep your hands warm.把手套戴上。手套可以保暖。2. What makes our city dirty? 什么让我们的城市变脏了？（make + sb/sth+ 形容词） Make+复合宾语（名词或代词+形容词）表示“使变得”。如：Rubbish makes the streets messy and dirty.垃圾使街道变得又脏又乱。Fruit can make us healthy and strong.水果可以使我们健康强壮。注意：make前是特殊疑问词what, who, which等作主语时，这些疑问词相当于第三人称单数，所以一般现在时谓语动词make加s。3. What can we do to keep our city clean?为保持我们的城市清洁，我们可以做些什么呢？此句中的to keep our city clean 是不定式短语，作状语，用以说明what can we do 的目的。又如：Tinas friends come to see her.蒂娜的朋友来看她。4. We can move some factories away from our city. 我们可以把一些工厂从城市搬走。Moveaway是“搬走”、“移走”的意思。 如：Please move your car away. 请把你的车开走。5. They help keep the air clean. 它们（树）有助于保持空气洁净。此句中的keep the air clean也是动词不定式，作help的宾语。接在help 后的动词不定式，通常省略to，尤其在非正式用语和口语中。如：Can you help (to)open the window?你能帮忙打开窗子吗？Let me help (to) sweep the floor. 让我来帮忙扫地吧。6. I like living in the city. 我喜欢住在城市里。在这里的living 是like 的宾语。 Like接动名词形式作其宾语，意思是“喜爱”，通常指经常性的喜爱。如：I like swimming. 我喜欢游泳。7. Pick it up. 把它捡起来。Pick up 是个由动词加副词构成的短语动词。 在这类动词中，如果有宾语，可以将宾语放在副词前面，也可以将宾语放在副词后面。如：把香蕉皮捡起来。Pick up the banana skin.Pick the banana skin up.把外衣穿上。Put on the coat.Put the coat on.但如果宾语是人称代词，就必须将它放在这副词前面。 如：Pick it up.Put it o