2019版中考英语一轮复习9上Unit(III).doc

2019版中考英语一轮复习9上Unit(III)一、复习单词表A.拼读易错单词、重点单词through,deal,leader,university,succeed,remain,matter,against,career,record,German,thought,courage,surprise,researchB.重要单词用法1.whenever,through，stand，although,university,matter,victory,spirit2. mind 名词：头脑。on ones mind 意为“挂在心上，惦念” 名词：思想，想法。 常见的短语有：change ones mind 改变主意 make up ones mind 下定决心 动词：介意，反对，常用来表示委婉、客气的请求。 常用短语：mind doing sth /mind sb doing sth /mind ones doing sth 介意做某事 Never mind 没关系，不要紧（1） Mary is ill. When shall we go to see her，tonight or tomorrow night ？ _. Either night is OK. A.I m sure B. I m afraid not C. I don t know D. I don t mind （2） It s too hot. Would you mind my_ the window ？ _. Do it as you like ， please ！ A.to open ； OK B. opening ； Certainly not C. closing ； Of course D. open ； Good idea (3) What do you think made him (改变了主意)? (4)He made up his mind _(learn) English well yesterday. 3.time : 时代，in different times 时间，不可数名词 次数，可数名词 常用短语有：all the time 一直 at times 有时 at the same time 同时 from time to time 有时 in time 及时 on time 按时 at a time 一次 have a good time 玩的高兴(1)We cant do two things well _.A.On time B.in time C.at a time D.all the time(2)This is the third time I (be) to Beijing . 4.a great deal “大量，许多“，可单独使用，也可以用在形容词或副词的比较级前面；还可以修饰不可数名词。归纳： many /a (large) number of /a lot of /lots of /plenty of +可数名词复数 much /a great deal of/ a lot of /lots of /plenty of +不可数名词(1) They spent _ money on the new hospital. A. a great deal B. a good deal of C. a great many D. a large number of(2)He ran a great deal (fast) than I. (3)He has given me a great deal of (help).常用词组：deal with 处理How shall I (处理)the matter？What shall I (处理)the matter？5.lose heart 灰心，泄气 lose v. 失去，丧失；输掉；把(机会)错过； 与lose相关词组：lose ones life丧生； lose ones way 迷路； lose oneself 迷路； lose oneself in沉迷于 lose weight 减肥； lose interest 失去兴趣 lost adj.丢失的 迷路的 与lost相关词组：a lost child迷路的小孩 get lost迷路 lost in thought沉思中 loss n. 失去 the loss of 的失去选用lose，lost，loss填空：（1）He _ his job.（2）She has _ interest in her work.（3）You cannot _ yourself in computer games.（4）He reported the _ of his wallet to the police.6.score 得分（vt.&vi.） vt. score 10 points得到10分He _ (得了5分)in the race yesterday.Every player should try their best _ (score)in every competition. n.得分，分数 I recorded _(分数) in a notebook7.leader n. 领导者 e.g.As the (lead)of this office, she can work with everyone. lead vt.（1)引导、带领; lead sb. to sp.，如：I led him to exit. （lead-led-led） She leads me in / out. （2)领头、领先 He leads the class in science. （3)指控、指导、率领 lead sb. to do sth.致使/诱惑 What led you to think so? 什么使你这么想呢？ lead to（1)(道路)等通往 All roads lead to Rome. （2)引起(结果等)，如：The heavy rain led to a flood. Hard work leads to （succeed）. lead n.领先地位，榜样 take the lead 处于领先地位8.name ( v.&n.)v. 给命名 name sb.给某人命 name after 以命名 The bridge （name） after him.n.名字 I do not remember what her name is.我不记得她叫什么名字。 in the name of 以的名义（1） She _ (name)after her grandmother.（2） Have you _(name)the new baby yet?8.succeed vi. 成功，success n. 成功，胜利 succeedin doing sth意为“(在某方面)取得成功；达到目的” successful adj. 成功的，successfully adv.成功地 常用词组：have success at school or work(1)Wang Cheng _（success）in winning the competition.(2)The meeting was very_（success）.(3)He passed the exam_（success）.9.remain vi. 逗留，保持不变（1）The doors and windows remained （close）.（2）He (在医院里住) for a whole month.10.achievement n. 成就,成绩 achieve vt. 取得；获得；实现；成功 achieve success/victory achieve a balance between my schoolwork and my hobbies(1)The invention of the computer is a great (achieve).(2)I felt a great sense of (achieve) when I reached the top of the mountain. (3)He (achieve) his goal by peaceful means.11.matter n. 物质；原因；事件 Matter is the opposite of mind.物质与精神相对。 vi. 有重大影响；要紧=be important no matter +疑问词 不管，无论 It doesnt matter.（1）No matter where he goes，the dog （go）.（2）Im sorry,Im late. .(这次没关系)But come to school earlier next time.12.record n.记录 常用短语：criminal record 犯罪纪录 break the world record打破世界记录 the record of every suspect每个嫌疑人的纪录 vt. 记录,将录音 record what every suspect said（1）My brother hopes to _a new world record.A do B keep C build D fix（2）The program （record）first and was sent out later.13.German adj.德国的；德国人的；德语的 n. 德语 n. 德国人 Germans(复数) Germany n. 德国（1）Was the first watch made in （German）？（2）Several （Frenchman）and （German）visited our school last Sunday.（3）-Can you speak （German）？ - Yes，but just a little.（4）How many （German）scientists can you name?14.courage n.勇气 have the courage to do sth有勇气做某事 admire these children for their courage encourage vt.鼓励 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人(做某事) discourage v. 使气馁,阻碍（1） I dont think I have the （courage）to tell John the bad news.（2）My mother often encourages me _English as much as possible. A speak B speaks C speaking D to speak 15.unusual adj. 不寻常的；与众不同的；不平常的 something unusual usual adj. 通常的，惯例的；平常的 as usual 像往常一样；照例 than usual 比往常 usually adv. 通常，经常（1）He gets up （usual） than usual.（2）He gets up （usual） as usual.（3）He （usual）gets up early.（4）It is an (usual) thing for us to see him crying.16.surprise n. 惊奇，诧异 vt.使惊奇 surprise sb. surprising adj.令人惊讶的(常用来修饰事物) surprised adj.吃惊的，惊讶的(常用来指人) to ones surprise 使惊讶 in surprise 惊奇地（1）This film is very _ (surprise) and Im _ (surprise) at it. (2) We looked at each other _surprise when we heard a bird singing“Happy birthday to you”.A.in B. to C. for D. on (3) _(让我们吃惊的是),he visited us suddenly.2 重点词组和句型1. Why do you like to learn that way？ learn that way 以那种方式学习 e.g. Dont speak to your parents _(以那种方式). 2. Books allow me to learn about people in different times and places. 书让我了解不同时期、不同地方的人。 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主） sb + be allowed to do sth. (被） allow doing sth. 允许做某事 We dont allowed anyone _ (smoke) here.Anyone is not allowed _ (smoke) here.We dont allow _ (smoke) here._ (smoke) is not allowed here.3.I like to learn about the world through the Internet. 我喜欢通过因特网了解世界。 through prep. 以，凭借；穿过 e.g. He bought a flat _(经过) many years of hard work. across, through, past & overacross, through和past都可以作介词，都可以表示“穿过”。across强调“横过”，从物体表面的一边到另一边。through指“穿过；透过”，表示从物体内部或空间穿过。past指“从旁边经过，走过”。over意为“越过”，指从物体上方(不接触物体的)“经过”。 根据句意选用across, through，past或over填空。1) There is no bridge _ the river. 2) He hurried _ me to his home. 3) The sunlight is coming in _ the window.4) Look! The plane is flying _ our heads. 4.Whats up? 发生了什么事？ 此句意为“出什么事了？你在忙些什么？怎么了？”常用来询问对方近况如何,相当于Whats wrong? 或者 Whats the matter?You seem really angry. Whats up?You look upset. Whats up?通常没什么事就会回答“Not much”或者“Nothing”_(怎么了),Mary?_(没什么).5. Youve been happy since I first met you.自我第一次遇到你，你一直很快乐。6.Dont wake me up until you finish building it.直到你建完房子再叫醒我。I wont go home _ I finish my homework.A. when B. as C. while D.until7.I can read them whenever I want to. whenever conj. 无论何时 类似的词有： whatever意为“无论什么”， whoever意为“无论谁”， wherever意为“无论在哪里”， however意为“无论怎样”。 它们等同于“no matter + wh” 结构。e.g. You can ask me for help _ you are in trouble. = You can ask me for help no matter when you are in trouble.Reading1. He was very small much smaller than the other kids at school. 比较级前可以加much, a little, quite, even等副词表示程度或加强比较。 如：Shanghai is _（大多了）than my hometown. 2. While attending junior high, Spud tried out for the school team.(1) attend junior high 上初中 (2) try out for sth. 参加选拔e.g. Why dont you _ （参加选拔）the school basketball team? 3.From then on, he was the star of the team. from then on 从那时起（常与一般过去时连用）e.g From then on, he （be） with his dog every day. Since then，he （be） the star of the team.4. He practised even harder and got the coach to change his mind. get sb. to do sth.使某人做某事 e.g.Can you help me get my son _(not lose)the computer games.5.This brought him to the attention of North Carolina State University.这使他引起了北卡罗莱纳州立大学的注意。attention un. 注意，关心pay attention to 注意，关心catch ones attention 引起某人的注意You must pay attention to your teacher in class.We have_（注意）him.Much attention must （pay）to your childrens (safe).6. After he graduated, he was forced to play in another basketball league. force vt. 强迫，迫使 force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事 e.g. Dont _(强迫这个孩子学习弹钢琴). They _(force) to leave their home town in 1952.7. Through hard work, Spud Webb proved that size and body type does not matteryou can do almost anything if you never give up. 句中的matter用作动词，意思是“要紧，有重大影响”。如：The job _to him than anything else. 对他来说，这份工作比其他什么都重要。Integrated skills1. World War II broke out in Europe in 1939 and ended in 1945. break out意为“突然发生；爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病或者争吵等事件的发生。 e.g. The big fire _ (发生)during the night. break的短语：break the rule 违反规则； break off 突然中止；中断；break down停止运转；出故障break into闯入，破门而入 2. It was first published in 1947 and has been translated into 67 languages since then.它首次出版于1947年，并且从那以后，它已经被翻译成67种文字。translate into 把翻译成He is going to _(把这本书翻译成法语).3. It was a record of that time, and it has also become a symbol of the victory of the human spirit.它记录了那个时代，也成为人类精神胜利的一个象征。record n. 记录 keep a record of 记录keep a record of everything you spend.break a record _ make/set a record _keep/hold a record _ world record _symbol n. 象征 become a symbol of the victory 成为胜利的标志The Great Wall is _(symbol) of China. 4. In July 1942,they went into hiding in a secret place in her fathers office.1942年7月，他们藏在她爸爸办公室的一个秘密的地方。go into hiding 躲藏起来They advised her to go into _(hide) for a while.5. She and her elder sister died of illness in 1945. die of / from 死于 e.g. More and more people die of/ from cancer. die的短语：die out 灭绝；逐渐消失 die off 相继死亡7. After the war, her father collected her diary and had it published in 1947.战后，她爸爸收集了她的日记并于1947年让它出版。 have sth. done 使/让某事被完成 e.g. I have my hair_(cut) last Saturday. I have _ (请人把自行车修一下).8. his journey to Copenhagen after he got away from a Nazi camp. get away from 逃离 e.g. The thieves _(逃离了商店) with all our money.9. how he survived the war with his friends. survive v. 幸存，生存 e.g. The baby _(survive) because of his mothers protection.10. I admire these children for their courage. admire vt. 钦佩；羡慕 admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩某人 e.g. I admire for their hard-working (spirit).11.Although we live in peace,some children in other parts of the world still live in fear of their lives.尽管我们生活在和平之中，世界其它一些地区的孩子仍然生活在为生命安全的担忧之中。in peace 固定短语 平安地，安静地He died _(peace). in fear of ones life 为（某人的）生命安全担忧Thousands of people _ （为自己的生命安全担心）following the shootings.12. During that difficult time,Anne kept writing in her diary until they were discovered by the Nazis in August 1944.在那段艰难的时期，安妮一直坚持写日记直到1944年8月她们被纳粹分子发现。keep doing sth. 一直不停地做某事She _（继续工作） although she was tired.13. However,its a pity that they couldnt enjoy a happy life just as we do.然而，很遗憾他们不能像我们这样享受幸福的生活。just as we do 就像我们这样享受生活 as 引导的是方式状语从句You must try to hold the tool as I do.你必须像我这样拿工具。Leave the things as they are.别动这些东西。Do _（照我说的做）.I did just _（照你说的办的）.Task1. My father is in his fifties. 表示整十的数词后加s变成复数，用在“in ones + 数词复数”短语中，表示“某人年龄处于某段时间”。如： in ones twenties/ thirties/ _ 在某人二十/三十/四十多岁时表示整十的数词后加s变成复数，也可以用在“in the + 数词复数”短语中，表示“在某个年代”。如：in the_/ eighties/ _在七十/八十/九十年代2. My father has donated blood many times since 1990. 我爸爸自1990年就献血了许多次。donate money 献血We should _ （donate）blood without payment.3. To my surprise, he has decided to donate his body for medical research after his death. to ones surprise 令某人惊奇的是 e.g._ （使我惊讶是）, the task was finished in only one week.4. Now I realized that he has a heart full of love.现在，我意识到他有一颗充满爱的心。full of 充满 此处作后置定语 此外，full of 也可在句中充当状语或表语He received several baskets_（fill）of cards.5. You will not find anything unusual about him until you learn more.直到你更多地了解他，你才会发现他的不寻常之处。anything unusual 不寻常的东西 形容词修饰不定代词时应后置Have you seen anything _（usual）?6. Whenever he has some money left,he gives it to someone in need.无论什么时候他有些余钱，他总是把它给需要的人。in need 危难之中，危急之中 in trouble 处于困境中 in danger 处于危险中 We should help people in _（danger）. 7. When I was a little girl,I could not understand why my father always seemed to be kinder to others than his own family.当我是个小女孩的时候，我不明白我爸爸为什么总是似乎对别人比对他自己的家人更好。8. seem可用作连系动词或不及物动词，意为“似乎；好像”，1）“主语+ seem +（to be ）+表语”，表语多为名词或形容词，有时是其他的词或短语，以说明主语的特征或状态。例如： Tom seems （to be ） a very clever boy. The man over there _ a new teacher. 2）“主语+ seem + 不定式”，此句型中的seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语。 Mrs Green _（似乎不）like the idea. The young man seemed to have changed much. 3）“It seems + that从句”，其中it 是形式主语，that引导主语从句。E.g. It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. _ （在我看来）Mr Brown will not come again. 4) “There + seem to be +名词”，其中to be 可省略。seem 的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式而定。例如：There doesnt seem to be much hope of our beating that team. _ to wait longer. 看来没有再等的必要了。三、语法复习时间状语从句连词意思用法when当时候它引导的从句中的谓语动词，既可以是短暂性动词，又可以是延续性动词while当时候，在过程中强调主句和从句中谓语动词所表示的动作在同一时间内发生，从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词before在之前表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前after在之后表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后until/till直到表示动作持续到某一时刻，主句要用持续性动词notuntil直到才表示直到某一时刻才发生某个动作as soon as一就表示从句的动作刚一发生，主句的动作随即发生since自从引导时间状语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时, 主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。whenever每当; 任何时候可以和every time替换。时态若主句是祈使句或含情态动词或主句谓语是一般将来时，从句则常用一般现在时若主句和从句的动作都是过去发生的，那么主句和从句都用相应的过去时态1. when意思是“当时”，表示主句动作发生的特定时间。如：The days get longer when spring comes.2. while意思是“当时”，强调主句动作和从句动作是同时发生的。如：While my sister was sweeping the floor, I was washing the dishes.注意：while引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的。3. while还可以表示“在期间”，表示主句动作发生在从句动作进行的过程中。如:While the boys were playing football, it rained.注意： 在when和while引导的从句中，当主句和从句的主语一致，并且从句中有be动词时，可以省略主语和be动词，构成when/while+ -ing结构。如：When (she is) in trouble, she always asks for my help.While (I am) travelling, I like to buy some souvenirs.4.until与till的用法（1）用于肯定句作“直到为止”时，主句的动词一般是延续到until / till表示的时间为止（2）在“not.until.”句式中不能用till替代 （3）句首通常只用until,不用till5.since意思是“自从以来”(1)接时间点(2)接一段时间+ ago(3)接时间状语从句。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。如：They have been friends since they were at primary school.注意（1）since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬时动词。 （2）在It is 时间since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。如： It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.练习：1. You cant watch TV_ you finish your homework. A. after B. if C. when D. before2. You should hand in your test paper _ you check it . A. while B. when C. before D. after3. _ the children were playing football ,it began to rain. A. After B. If C. While D. Once4. _ I got back, my mother was cooking for me. A. When B. Before C. Since D. Although5. While _, he received a call from his mum. A. watched TV B. he was watching TV C. he watched TVD. he is watching TV 6. _ the children are having fun, parents are taking dance lessons on the beach. A. When B. If C. While D. Once7. _ I got back, I found my mother cooking for me. A. When B. Before C. Since D. Although8. Tigers wait _ it is dark, then go out to find their food. A. since B. until C. as D. because9. You have been in Nanjing very long? Yeah. _ my parents came here. A. For B. As C. When D. Since10. I _go to bed _ I finished my homework last night. A. /, until B. not , until C. didnt, until D. /, till 11.I will send you an e-mail as soon as I _ in Canada. A. arrive