山东省沂水县第一中学高中英语 Unit3 Grammar课件 新人教版必修5.ppt

module5unit3grammar v ppastheadverbial contents revision v ppastheadverbial practice homework revision 过去分词 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式 表示完成和被动的动作 它在句子中可以充当定语 表语 宾语补足语 状语等成分 1 ilikereadingthenovels write byzhangailing 2 thereissomethingwrongwithmycarandihavetogetit repair 3 iwantthedoorsofmynewhouse paint white 4 therewasa surprise lookonhisface 5 hewas excite atthegoodnews 6 thestorywasso move thathewas move totears written repaired revision fillingintheblanks painted surprised excited moving moved 过去分词作状语的用法 v ppastheadverbial 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语修饰谓语动词 可以表示时间 原因 条件 让步 行为方式或伴随情况等 在意义上相当于状语从句 findoutsentencesusingv ppastheadverbial worriedaboutthejourney iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays asiwasworriedaboutthejourney iwasunsettled 3 hitbythelackoffreshair myheadached becauseiwashitbythelackoffreshair myhead 4 exhausted islidintobedandfellfastasleep asiwasexhausted islidintobedand 2 well knownfortheirexpertise hisparents company called futuretours transportedmesafelyintothefutureinatimecapsule sincehisparents companywaswell knownfor seenfromthetopofthehill thecitylookslikeabiggarden askedmanytimes hebegantofeelbored whenitisseenfromthetopofthehill thecitylooks afterhewasaskedmanytimes hebeganto 可在过去分词前加上连词when while until等来强调过去分词所表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示动作的时间关系 1 表示时间 exhausted thechildrenfellasleepatonce caughtinaheavyrain hewaswettotheskin astheywereexhausted thechildrenfell becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain hewas 表示原因 相当于由as since 或because引导的原因状语从句 2 表示原因 3 表示条件 heated waterchangesintosteam givenanotherchance hewilldobetter 表示条件 相当于if unless引导的条件状语从句 ifitisheated waterchanges ifheisgivenanotherchance hewill 4 表示让步 laughedatbymanypeople hecontinuedhisstudy badlywounded hecontinuedtofight 表示让步 相当于although though引导的让步状语从句 thoughhewaslaughedatbymanypeople hecontinued thoughhewasbadlywounded hecontinued 5 表示方式或伴随 theoldmanenteredthemeetingroom supportedbyayoungfellow shewasintearsasifdeeplymovedbythemovingfilm thefilmstarappeared surroundedbyagroupoffans theoldmanenteredthemeetingroomandwassupportedbyayoungfellow shewasintearsasifshewasdeeplymovedbythemovingfilm thefilmstarappearedandwassurroundedbyagroupoffans 过去分词作方式状语或伴随状语时 相当于一个并列分句 没有相应的从句可替换 1 use inthisway thewordshouldn tbetakenasaverb 2 arm withspecialguns knivesandbrushes twospacewalkingastronautspracticedfixingthespacecraft 3 though catch inatrafficjam wemanagedtoarriveattheairport 4 susanisnoteasytogetalongwith butonce gain herfriendshipwilllastforever used armed caught gained 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 过去分词作状语需要注意的几个问题 当被问到为什么迟到时 她的脸涨得通红 askedwhyshewaslate herfacewentred askedwhyshewaslate shewentredintheface 小偷如果被抓 会受到警方的惩罚 ifcaught thepolicewillpunishthethief ifcaught thethiefwillbepunishedbythepolice 1 过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致 另外 分词作状语时 如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致时 需要独立主格结构或with复合结构来替代 1 thesignalgiven thebusstarted 信号一发出 汽车就开动了 thesignal是given的逻辑主语 因此主句主语thebus就不是given的逻辑主语 2 shewentbywithherheadheldhigh 她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去 heldhigh是with后宾语herhead的补足语 2 过去分词的独立主格结构 e g judgingby fromhisaccent hemustbefromthesouth 从他的口音判断 他一定是南方人 iwillagreetogoprovided providing that myexpensesarepaid 假如为我负担费用 我就同意去 givengoodweather ourshipwillreachshanghaithisevening 假如天气好 我们的船将于今晚抵达上海 3 某些分词的固定结构不考虑与主语的一致关系 有些分词已成为固定结构 在词性上已转化为介词 使用时应按固定结构对待 不必考虑他们与主语之间的关系 常见的有以下几种 judgingby from 根据 判断 由 断定provided providing that 假如 倘若 在 条件下 除非given 倘若 假定 4 连词 过去分词 作状语 过去分词有时可以与连词构成 连词 过去分词 结构作状语 实际上就是状语从句的省略现象 这些连词有 when once if unless though asif although evenif eventhough than as等 1 hewillcomeifinvited hewillcomeifheisinvited 如果受到邀请 他会来 2 whenaskedaboutit hecouldhardlyholdbackhisfeelings whenhewasaskedaboutit hecouldhardlyholdbackhisfeelings 每当有人问及此事 他就难以控制自己的感情 1 dressedinwhite thebridelooksmorebeautiful 穿着一身白色衣服 新娘看起来更漂亮2 tiredoflisteningtomusic shebegantowatchtv 由于听累了音乐 他开始看电视 3 absorbedindeepthought hedidn thearthesound 因为沉浸在思考之中 所以他没听到那个声音 5 过去分词作状语时不表被动或完成意义的情况 有些过去分词已形容词化 来源于系表结构 作状语时已看不出被动或完成意义 如 be lostin 沉湎于 be seated 坐 be born 出身于 be dressedin 穿着 be interestedin 感兴趣 be tiredof 厌烦 be worriedabout 担心 等 6 过去分词作状语时的位置 过去分词作状语 多放在句首 也可放在主句后面 前面有逗号与主句隔开 有时插在句子中间 e g seenfromthehill thecitylooksmagnificent 从山上看 这座城市非常壮观 theycamein followedbytheirwivesandchildren 他们进来了 夫人和孩子们紧随其后 tom horrifiedatwhathehaddone couldsaynothing 汤姆由于对他做的事感到恐惧 一时说不出话来 7 现在分词 过去分词和不定式作状语的区别 1 现在分词作状语时 分词表示的动作与句子主语之间构成主动关系 e g seenfromthetopofthetower ourcitylooksmorebeautiful 2 过去分词作状语时 分词表示的动作与句子主语之间构成被动关系 e g seeingfromthetopofthetower wecangetawonderfulviewofourcity 不定式作状语 一般表示目的 e g togetawonderfulviewofourcity weclimbedtothetopofthetower 1 followingtheoldman wewentupstairs wefollowed 跟着那个老人 我们上了楼 2 followedbytheoldman wewentupstairs wewerefollowedby 我们上了楼 后面跟着那个老人 compare 3 fromthetop thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest 4 fromspace theastronautcannotdiscoverthegreatwall a seeing b seen practice 1 once awordbecomesapromise 2 once watercannotbetakenbackagain 3 bythebeautifulscenery iforgottogobackhomeintime impress pour speak a 覆水难收 b 流连忘返 c 一言既出 驷马难追 spoken poured impressed c b a 1 用所给词的适当形式填空 并与a c的汉语翻译相匹配 1 see fromthetopofthehill thecitylooksbeautifultous 2 give time he llmakeafirstclasstennisplayer 3 look outofthewindow ifoundmanychildrenplayingontheplayground 4 give moretime i llfinishmyworkontime 5 comparedwith develop countries westillhavealongwaytogo 6 theenglishteacherenteredtheroom follow byhisstudents 7 theteachbuildings build in1960needrepairing 8 ifoundmyschoolbag leave inmary sroom seen given looking 2 用所给词的适当形式填空 given developed followed built left 3 rewritewithproperconjunctions 1 unitedwestand dividedwefail ifweareunited wewillstand butifwearedivided wewillfail 2 askedwhathadhappened hetoldusaboutit whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened hetoldusaboutit 3 wellknownforhisexpertadvice hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures 4 用过去分词作状语来改写句子 asiwasworriedaboutthejourney iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays 2 ifheisgiventime he llmakeafirst classtennisplayer he llmakeafirst classtennisplayer 3 asiwasconfusedbythenewsurroundings iwashitbythelackoffreshair iwashitbythelackoffreshair worriedaboutthejourney giventime confusedbythenewsurroundings 1 since asshewasgivenadvicebythefamousdetective theyoungladywasnolongerafraid 5 changethefollowingclausesintothev pp givenadvicebythefamousdetective theyoungladywasnolongerafraid 2 becauseitwasdoneinahurry hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes doneinahurry hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes 3 whenitisheated icewillbechangedintowater whenheated icewillbechangedintowater 4 whenitisseenunderamicroscope afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix pointedshape seenunderamicroscope afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix pointedshape 5 ifiamcomparedwithyou westillhavealongwaytogo thehunterlefthishouse followedbyhisdog comparedwithyou westillhavealongwaytogo 6 thehunterlefthishouse andhewasfollowedbyhisdog 高考链接 1 theresearchissodesignedthatonce nothingcanbedonetochangeit 全国2002 a beginsb havingbegunc beginningd begun d 2 tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone sskin 上海2002 a exposedb havingexposedc beingexposedd afterbeingexposed c 3 pricesofdailygoods throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices 2002北京春 a areboughtb boughtc beenboughtd buying b 4 whenfirst tothemarket theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess 2004全国卷ii a introducingb introducedc introduced beingintroduced b 5 aroundthewatercube wewerethentakentoseethebird snestforthe2008olympicgames 陕西2008 a havingshownb tobeshownc havingbeenshownd toshow c 6 when help oneoftensays thankyou or it skindofyou 福建2005 a offeringb toofferc tobeofferedd offered d 7 withsomuchtrouble wefailedtocompletethetaskontime 四川2006 a facedb facec facingd toface a 改 somuchtrouble wefailedtocompletethetaskontime 四川2006 a facedb facec facingd toface c homework doex 2 3onsb p21doex 1 2onwb p57 reviewthegrammaritem previewusinglanguage 1 frightenedbytheloudnoise iwenttoseewhatwashappening 2 hitbythelackoffreshair hegotabadheadache 3 tiredafterthelongjourney istillenjoyedmeetingthealiensonthespacestation 4 frightenedbythenoiseoutside suedarednotsleepinherbedroom 5 builtin1910 themuseumisalmost100yearsold 6 givensomeadvicebythefamousscientist thestudentwasnotworriedabouthisscientificexperimentanymore 7 exhaustedbyaday swork georgetooksometabletstohelphimfeelbetter 8 veryastonishedbytheamountofworkinthenewtimetable givenbyherboss lucydecidedtoleaveherjobimmediately ex 2onsbp21 ex 3onsbp21 1 soonwelostsightofthatfamousastronomercalledliqiang 2 iamgoingtobuyapaintingcopiedfromvincentgogh 3 ilikethatoldprivatehousebuiltofwoodandmud 4 theroomconnectedtotherestofthehousebyalongpassageiscompletelyempty 5 thequeenwassittinginaroyalcarriage