高考英语总复习 语法专题第八讲 情态动词课件.ppt

第八讲情态动词 语法专题复习 考点透析1 can could beableto can只有现在式和过去式could两种形式 beableto可用于现在式 过去式 将来时 完成时 要表示 能够做某事 可用can或beableto 但若要说过去的确运用了某种能力做成了某件事情 就只能用was wereableto 表将来具备的能力只能用will shallbeableto 1 ifyoustudyhard youwillbeabletoexpressfreelyinenglishinthreemonths 2 thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryonewasabletogetout 2 could是can的过去式 但是在很多情况下 特别是在口语中 它表示语气的委婉 因此 用could提问时 不能用could回答 而要用can或may would might用于疑问句时也表委婉语气 回答时应该用will may 1 couldiborrowyourdictionary yes ofcourseyoucan 2 couldicallyoubythefirstname yes youmay 3 wouldyoubesokindastoexplaintheword yes iwill whatisit 3 may might can could都可表示可能 但may might不能用于问句 can could用于否定句 疑问句 感叹句 表示惊异 怀疑 一般不用于肯定句 如果用于肯定句 则表示偶尔发生某事的可能 或某人某物一时的特点 1 areyoucomingtojeff sparty i mnotsure imightgototheconcertinstead 2 wherecanmr libe sorry idon tknow youcangotoaskmr zhang hemayhelpyou 3 mr bushisontimeforeverything howcanitbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony 4 weenjoygoodweatherinjanuary butsometimesitcanbeterriblycold 4 must表推测用于肯定句 其否定式要用can t 对现在表示推测 mustdo can tdo对正在进行的动作表示推测 mustbedoing can tbedoing对过去表示推测 musthavedone can t couldn thavedone 1 therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell itcouldn thavebeenacomfortablejourney 2 jackcan thavearrivedyet otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme 3 putonmoreclothes youmustbefeelingcoldwithonlyashirton 4 ididn thearthephone imusthavebeenasleep 5 情态动词完成式的意义 can couldhavedone过去可能做过 过去本来可以做某事但没有做musthavedone过去一定做过mayhavedone可能已经做过 本来可以做但没做 mighthavedone过去可能做过 过去本来可以做但没做can t couldn thavedone过去不可能做过某事should not havedone过去本该 不该 做 但却没做 做了 ought not tohavedone过去本该 不该 做 但却没做 做了 needn thavedone过去本来没必要做 但却做了wouldrather not havedone宁愿过去做了 没做 注意 musthavedone mayhavedone mighthavedone can thavedone都表推测 其区别在于可能性的大小 musthavedone表很有可能 mayhavedone表有可能 mighthavedone表可能性很小 can thavedone则为 不可能 1 itoldsallyhowtogethere butperhapsishouldhavewrittenitoutforher 2 sorry i mlate imighthaveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain 3 iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou youshouldn thavelefthomewithoutaword 4 tomneedn thavegotupthatearlysinceitwassundayandhehadnothingimportanttodo 5 iwouldrathernothaveblamedhimbecausehewasachildafterall 6 关于should的主要用法 1 it salreadyseveno clock jackshouldbehereatanymoment should表推测 意为 随时都会来 真该来了 2 whencanicomeforthephotos ineedthemtomorrowafternoon theyshouldbereadyby12 00 should 应该 3 youcan timaginethatawell behavedgentlemanshouldbesorudetoalady should表惊异 意为 居然 竟然 4 ifheshouldfailtocome askmr zhangtoattendtheceremonyinstead should表语气较强的假设 意为 万一 5 weshouldhavestudiedlastnight butwewenttotheconcertinstead shouldhavestudied 我们本该学习的 但却没有学习 7 关于shall的用法 shall用于第一人称 第三人称疑问句中 表示说话人征求对方意见或向对方请示 shall用于第二 第三人称 表示说话人给对方的命令 警告 允诺或威胁 1 shalligoonreadingthetext 我要继续读课文吗 shall 征求意见 2 youshallbepunishedonedayforwhatyou vedone 总有一天你会因你的所作所为受到惩罚的 shall 威胁 警告 3 heshallgetwhathedeserves ipromiseit 他会得到他应该得到的 我保证 shall 允诺 强化训练 单句填空按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求 在空白处填上适当的情态动词或根据提示使用正确形式的情态动词 1 2012 全国卷 i not useaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo clockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse needn t 2 2012 陕西卷 i not thankyoutoomuchforallyourhelptomysonwhilewewereawayfromhome 3 2012 重庆卷 youinterruptnow can tyouseei monthephone sorrysir butit surgent 4 2012 四川卷 igotcloseenoughtohearthemspeakingchinese andisaid nihao justasi doinchina can t must might 5 2012 江西卷 we not haveboughtsomuchfoodnowthatsuziewon tbewithusfordinner 6 2012 辽宁卷 oneofourrulesisthateverystudent wearschooluniformwhileatschool 7 2012 全国卷 i mgoingtoeuropeonvacationtogetherwithjohnifi findthemoney 8 2012 天津卷 youhavetobelieveinyourself nooneelsewill ifyoudon t i not agreemore confidenceisreallyimportant needn t shall can couldn t 9 2012 上海卷 thenewlawstatesthatpeople not driveafterdrinkingalcohol 10 2012 天津卷 it squitewarmhere we not turntheheatingonyet 11 2011 湖南卷 noone becomparedwithyaominginplayingbasketball oh youarereallyhisbigfan 12 2011 四川卷 thepolicestillhaven tfoundthelostchild butthey redoingallthey mustn t needn t can can 13 2011 江西卷 it not bethepostmanatthedoor it sonlysixo clock 14 2011