延续性动词与非延续性动词在现在完成时中的运用ppt课件.ppt

1 延续性动词与非延续性动词动词按其动作发生的方式 发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词 2 一 延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用 表示时间段的短语有 for 一段时间 如 for2years foralongtime since从句 如 sincehecamehere since 时间点名词 如 sincelastyear since5daysago howlong等 3 二 非延续性动词也称终止性动词 瞬间动词或点动词 表示不能延续的动作 这种动作发生后立即结束 如 open die close begin start finish come go move borrow lend buy等 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用 如 twoyearsago at5o clock eg Hedied5yearsago 4 终止性动词所表示的动作极其短暂且不能持续 所以在完成时的肯定句中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用 如 for3years sincehecamehere howlong ect 且看下面三个错误句子 1 Jimhascomehereforfiveyears 2 Hehasdiedfor3years 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用 5 现在完成时中延续性动词和非延续性动词延续性动词 studylearnsleeplivesingdanceswimdrinkteachkeep非延续性动词 buyborrowlenddieleavebegincome go这些动词不能和howlong for since 连用要把它们变成其他相应的词 buy买了 have hashad borrow借了 have haskept start begin开始了 have hasbeenon leave离开了 have hasbeenaway from 来到某地 去某地 have hasbeenin die死了 have hasbeendead for since 6 如果终止性动词在现在完成时句子中需要同有段时间状语连用 解决这一逻辑矛盾的方法就是将终止性动词转换为延续性动词 7 三 延续性动词与终止性动词之间的转换1 用相应的延续性动词替换句中的终止性动词 borrow keep buy have become come go be catchacold haveacold opensth keepsth open puton wear eg Iboughtthebook5daysago Ihavehadthebookfor5days 8 2 将终止性动词转换为be 介词短语begin start beon finish beover join bein 组织机构 beamemberof 组织机构 gotoschool beinschool getto arrive reach come go move bein at sw puton beoneg Hehasbeeninschoolfor9years 9 3 将终止性动词转换为be 名词jointhearmy beasoldier jointheLeague Party beaLeague Partymembergotoschool beastudenteg HejoinedtheParty2yearsago HehasbeeninthePartyfor2years 10 4 用be adj adv 结构替换非延续性动词close open beclosed open come goback return beback comehere behere die bedead fallasleep beasleep fallill beill finish end complete beover gothere bethere go leave beaway from go get out beout getup beup marry bemarried move beoutofeg Theoldmandied4yearsago Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years 11 5 去掉短语中的结束性动词begintostudy study cometowork work gettoknow know eg Wehaveknowneachotherfor3years 6 用 Itis Hasbeen time since 句型表达原句的内容 但主句一般用现在时或完成时 since引导的时间状语或短语从句用一般过去时 eg Itis Hasbeenthreeyearssincewegottoknoweachother 12 7 用 time havepassedsince 句型表达同样的意思 eg Hehasbeenawayhishometownfor5years Fiveyearshaspassedsincehelefthishometown 8 把一时间状语改为过去时间状语 原动词的完成时改为过去一般时 eg Helefthishometownfiveyearsago 13 他参军三年了 Hehasjoinedthearmyfor3years Hehasbeeninthearmyfor3years Hehasbeenasoldierfor3years Itis Hasbeen3yearssincehejoinedthearmy Hejoinedthearmy3yearsago 14 1 我买这本书三年了 1 Iboughtthebookthreeyearsago 2 Ihavehadthebookfor3years 3 Ihavehadthebooksince3yearsago Howlonghaveyouhadthebook 2 他借这本书两个月了 1 Heborrowedthebooktwomonthsago 2 Hehaskeptthebookfor2months 3 Hehaskeptthebooksince2monthsago Howlonghashekeptthebook 3 李梅离开济南一年了 1 LiMeileftJinanoneyearago 2 LiMeihasbeenawayfromJinanforoneyear 3 LiMeihasbeenawayfromJinansince1yearago HowlonghasLiMeibeenawayfromJinan 请大声读句子 每个读三遍 15 会议开始20分钟了 1 Themeetingbegan20minutesago 2 Themeetinghasbeenonfor20minutes 3 Themeetinghasbeenonsince20minutes Howlonghasthemeetingbeenon Tom来中国10个月了 1 TomcametoChina10monthsago 2 TomhasbeeninChinafor10months 3 TomhasbeeninChinasince10monthsago HowlonghasTombeeninChina 请大声读句子 每个读三遍 16 Marry的祖父去世三年了 1 Marry sgrandfatherdied3yearsago 2 Marry sgrandfatherhasbeendeadfor3years 3 Marry sgrandfatherhasbeendeadsince3yearsago HowlonghasMarry sgrandfatherbeendead 请大声读句子 每个读三遍 17 Tom forseveralhours A wenttobedB hasbeeninbedC hasgonetobedD hasbeentobed2 Howlonghaveyou thiscity A beentoB beeninC cometoD goneto3 Myaunt theTVfor4months A hasboughtB wasboughtC washadD hashad4 MrBrown thecarfor3months A boughtB hadboughtC hashadD buys5 Theoldman fortwodays A hasdiedB hasbeendeadC diedD dies 18 6 Mysisterhas for8years A becomeadriverB leftthecityC arrivedinthecityD livedhere7 Howlonghaveyou A joinedtheteamB becomeateamleaderC