陕西省定边县第四中学高中英语 Unit 2 Sailing the oceans Grammar课件 新人教版选修9.ppt

unit2sailingtheoceans grammar thepredicate 谓语用来说明主语的动作或状态 由动词或动词词组担任 及物动词不及物动词连系动词情态动词 动词可分为 需要跟有宾语的动词叫及物动词 及物动词后可跟一个宾语 直接宾语和间接宾语或一个宾语带宾语补足语 例如 及物动词 直接宾语childrenseekindependence thetrialraisedanumberofquestions hemadetheshortestspeechihaveeverheard acouplewerehavingadrinkatatablebythewindow hetookphotographsofvitainhersummerhouse 直接宾语和间接宾语theygaveusawonderfullywarmwelcome mr schellwrotealettertheotherdaytothenewyorktimes wrotethenewyorktimesaletter itookouttheblackboxandhandedittoher handedherthebox ihadlentmyapartmenttoafriendfortheweekend heleftthenoteforheronthetable 一个宾语带宾语补足语 willis sjokesmadeheruneasy lastyeartheymadehimcaptainoftheteam thepeoplenamedtheplace turbokutu ithoughtitrighttogotherewithoutdelay haveyoufounditdifficulttospeak 不需要跟宾语的动词叫不及物动词 herwholebodyached donaldwaslyingonthebed bobcoughedallnight alltheleaveshavefallenandwinteriscoming 有几个不及物动词后可以跟有与之同形的名词 这叫同源宾语 theyarelivingapeacefullife theyarelivingpeacefully hediedaheroicdeath hediedheroically thegirllaughedamerrylaugh thegirllaughedmerrily hesighedadeepsigh hesigheddeeply 许多动词往往既是不及物动词又是及物动词 gusaskedmewhetheri dliketohavedinnerwithhim iaccepted vi iacceptedtheinvitation vt hepaintedeveryday vi hepaintedvividportraitsoffriendsandacquaintances vt heranasfastashecould vi sheranahotelinthecentreofthecity vt fatherneversmokedordrankallhislife vi hedrankagooddealofcoffee vt atlastshethankedthemandleft vi alliknowisthatmichaelandineverleftthehouse vt 连系动词虽具有词汇意义 但需要带有表语才能构成动词谓语 例如 thestationseemsaverysmallone theyhaveremainedloyaltothegovernment theirhallwaslargerthanhiswholeflat thetaskofinspectingitprovedtobeexcitingandinteresting itsoundsunnaturaltous mymemoriesofalondonchildhoodarehappyones hisbodywasthecolorofbronze 动词词组或称短语动词 可以扩展或改变动词的意义 它们的构成是 动词 副词marywentawayforafewdays 动词 介词theotherdayicameacrossaletterfrombruneiwritteninthelastyearofhislife 动词 副词 介词youmayhavecomeupagainstunexpecteddifficulties 情态动词与动词连用构成的谓语 imustleaveverysoon therichoughttopaytuitionfeesfortheirchildren youmayhaveheardofhim youshouldnothavedoneso 下面结合历年高考题对谓语考点进行总结 i 对谓语动词时态的考查 考例 1 haveyoufinishedreadingjaneeyre no i myhomeworkalldayyesterday 2010大纲全国卷i wasdoingb woulddoc haddoned do 2 whenyouarehome giveacalltoletmeknowyou safely 2010大纲全国卷i arearrivingb havearrivedc hadarrivedd willarrive 3 wereyousurprisedbytheendingofthefilm no i thebook soialreadyknewthestory 安徽2010 a wasreadingb hadreadc amreadingd haveread 考点透视 做考查动词时态的试题时 主要根据句子提供的语境及句子中的关键信息来判断所需要的时态 如 例1中 从时间状语alldayyesterday可知应用过去进行时 例2中 根据题意 当你到家后 给我来个电话告知你已经安全到达 可知 相对于打电话来说 到家发生在打电话之前 故用现在完成时 例3中 根据题意可知 读书发生在看电影之前 故用过去完成时 ii 对谓语动词语态的考查 考例 1 thiscoastalarea anationalwildlifereservelastyear 湖南2010 a wasnamedb namedc isnamedd names 2 everyyearafloodoffarmersarriveinshenzhenforthemoney makingjobsthey beforeleavingtheirhometowns 福建2010 promisedwerepromisedc havepromisedd havebeenpromised 3 thediscoveryofgoldinaustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortune 2010大纲全国卷i a ismadeb wouldmakec wastobemaded hadmade 考点透视 对谓语动词语态的考查总是和时态的考查相结合 所以解题时先根据句子的具体语境确定时态 而后再确定语态 如 例1中 根据lastyear可知用一般过去时 thiscoastalarea与name之间是被动关系 故选a项 例2中 根据句意可知用现在完成时 themoney makingjobs与promise之间是被动关系 所以选d项 例3中 根据句意及led 可知应使用过去将来时 且fortune与make之间是被动关系 故选c项 iii 对 系动词 表语 作谓语的考查 考例 1 ladiesandgentlemen pleaseremain untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop 四川2009 a seatedb seatingc toseatd seat 2 thewater coolwhenijumpedintothepoolformorningexercise 2006全国卷i wasfeltb isfeltc feltd feels 考点透视 系动词be look appear keep taste feel stay become remain go turn grow等后接表语一起构成复合谓语 这些系动词无进行时和被动形式 iv 对 情态动词 动词原形 havedone 作谓语的考查 考例 jackdescribedhisfather who abraveboymanyyearsago asastrong willedman 安徽2010 wouldbeb wouldhavebeenc mustbed musthavebeen 考点透视 情态动词 动词原形 havedone 作复合谓语 主要是对情态动词的考查 情态动词 动词原形 一般表示动作尚未发生 情态动词 havedone 一般表示对过去发生的情况的推测 shouldhavedone couldhavedone mighthavedone还表示 本来应该 能够 可以做 但实际上未做 情态动词 havedone 也可用在虚拟语气中 v 对 动词不定式与另外的词 作谓语的考查 考例 inmanypeople sopinion thatcompany thoughrelativelysmall ispleasant 四川2010 a todealwithb dealingwithc tobedealtwithd dealtwith 2 wewereastonished thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition 辽宁2010 a findingb tofindc findd tobefound 考点透视 be adj todosth begoingtodosth besupposedtodosth 等都是复合谓语 对它们的考查主要是考查其后接动词不定式 同时要注意动词不定式根据不同的语境有不同的形式 一 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1 asyoucansee thenumberofcarsonourroads keep risingthesedays 2 ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar repair atthegarage 3 whatweusedtothink be impossibledoesseempossiblenow keeps isbeingrepaired was 4 themomentthe28tholympicgames declare open thewholeworldcheered wasdeclared 5 theuseofcreditcardsinplaceofcash increase inrecentyears 6 newton explain themovementsofthemoonfromtheattractionoftheearth hasincreased hasexplained 7 sinceiwonthebigprize mytelephonehasn tstoppedringing people phone toaskhowiamgoingtospendthemoney arephoning 二 从a b c d四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 1 you vefailedtodowhatyou toandi mafraidtheteacherwillblameyou 四川2010 willexpectb willbeexpectedc expectedd wereexpected 2 bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday buthe 安徽2010 wasbusyb isbusyc hadbeenbusyd willbebusy 3 ifhe myadvice hewouldn thavelosthisjob 湖南2010 followedb shouldfollowc hadfollowedd wouldfollow 4 ifyouplantwatermelonseedsinthespring you freshwatermeloninthefall 浙江2010 eatb wouldeatc haveeatend willbeeating 5 hadiknownaboutthiscomputerprogram ahugeamountoftimeandenergy 浙江2010 wouldhavebeensavedb hadbeensavedc willbesavedd wassaved 6 itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse atpresentinthedisasterarea 陕西2010 arebeingbuiltb werebeingbuiltc wasbeingbuiltd isbeingbuilt 7 excuseme i iwasblockingyourway 2010大纲全国卷ii didn trealizeb don trealizec haven trealizedd wasn trealizing8 johnwenttothehospitalalone ifhe meaboutit iwouldhavegonewithhim 天津2010 a shouldtellb tellsc to