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PSH4D型立体停车库横移传动机构设计【含全套7张CAD图纸】【答辩毕业资料】

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关键词：: psh4d 立体车库传动机构设计全套 cad 图纸答辩毕业资料

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摘要 …………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ

Abstract ………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ

1 绪论………………………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 立体停车库的设计背景和意义……………………………………………………1
1.2 国内外研究现状……………………………………………………………………1
1.2.1 国外研究现状 …………………………………………………………………1
1.2.2 国内研究现状 …………………………………………………………………2
1.3 立体停车库的类型…………………………………………………………………2
1.3.1 升降横移式 ……………………………………………………………………3
1.3.2 巷道堆垛式 ……………………………………………………………………3
1.3.3 垂直提升式 ……………………………………………………………………4
1.3.4 水平或垂直循环式 ……………………………………………………………5

2 横移传动机构的设计 …………………………………………………………………7
2.1 第一层横移传动机构设计…………………………………………………………7
2.1.1 第一层基本参数确定 …………………………………………………………7
2.1.2 第一层横移电机选择 …………………………………………………………8
2.1.3 第一层传动系统设计 …………………………………………………………9
2.2 第二层横移传动机构设计 ………………………………………………………19
2.2.1 第二层基本参数确定…………………………………………………………19
2.2.2 第二层横移电机选择…………………………………………………………20
2.2.3 第二层传动系统设计…………………………………………………………21

3 总结 ……………………………………………………………………………………32

致谢 ………………………………………………………………………………………33

参考文献 …………………………………………………………………………………34

摘要

本文主要是对PSH4D型立体停车库的横移传动机构进行设计。PSH4D型立体停车库一共有三层，每个停车位都有一个载车板，而第一层和第二层各有一个空位。上层的载车板如果要移动到下层，就需要将下层的载车板横向移开，为上层的载车板提供空间进行升降。因此，第一层和第二层的每个停车位都有一个横移传动机构对载车板进行横向移动。由于第三层停车位上的载车板只需要进行升降移动，不需要进行横向移动，所以第三层没有横移传动机构。横移传动机构主要靠电机带动链轮使滚轮在轨道上滚动，从而让载车板进行横向移动。
第一层的横移传动机构与载车板直接连成一体，第二层的横移传动机构则置于车位架上。横移传动机构主要由电动机、传动轴、滚轮、链轮和支承座等几部分组成，对横移传动机构的设计也就主要是对这几部分的选择和设计。

关键词：立体停车库横移传动机构载车板

Abstract

This paper is mainly designed traversing transmission mechanism of PSH4D type stereo garage. PSH4D type stereo garage a total of three layers, each parking space has a car, and the first and second layers each have a vacancy. The car carrying board to move to a lower level, you need to lower the car sideways, to provide space for the car carrying board for lifting. Therefore, each parking spaces in the first layer and the second layer has a transverse transmission mechanism for horizontal movement of the vehicle loading plate. Because of the third layers of parking spaces on the board only needs to carry on the lifting movement, without the need for lateral movement, so the third layer without traversing transmission mechanism. Transverse transmission mechanism is mainly driven by the motor wheel to wheel rolling on the track, so that the car carrying board to move horizontally.
Traversing transmission mechanism of the first layer and the board is directly connected, traversing drive mechanism of the second layer are arranged in the parking rack. Traversing transmission mechanism is mainly composed of a motor, transmission shaft, roller, sprocket and the supporting seat is composed of several parts, design of the transverse transmission mechanism is mainly on the selection and design of these parts.

Key words: stereo garage , traversing transmission mechanism , car-carrying board

1 绪论

1.1 立体停车库的设计背景和意义
随着我国城市建设的快速发展，城市中可利用的空地越来越少。同时，随着居民生活水平的日渐提高，城市私家车的拥有量也越来越多，随之而来的便是“停车难”的问题。在城市的车辆密集区，由于受到原有占地面积的限制，汽车停泊困难，交通阻塞。另外，城市交通建设由于只重视修建公路，从而忽略了停车场的建设，因此造成了现有的停车位远远不能满足停车需求的严重局面。由于停车位的严重不足，迫使大量汽车占道停放，这大大的影响了城市交通和市容环境。因此，我们必须重视城市的“停车难”问题，并积极探求解决的措施。

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内容简介：: 重庆理工大学毕业设计（论文）任务书题目PSH4D型立体停车库横移传动机构设计（任务起止日期2013 年 2 月 25 日 2013 年 6 月 14 日）机械工程学院机械设计制造及其自动化专业109040202班学生姓名施长明学号 10904020223指导教师系主任二级学院院长课题内容（1）总体结构图的绘制；（2）第一层载车板和二层车位架结构设计，完成结构装配图；（3）重点完成一二层横移传动系统设计，绘制横移传动系统装配图、细长轴零件图等。课题任务要求（1）按时间节点认真完成设计任务；（2）查阅相关参考文献，不少于10篇；（3）绘制横移传动系统装配图、细长轴零件图等，不少于5张图。主要参考文献（由指导教师选定）1徐灏.机械设计手册M.机械工业出版杜，2000.2孙桓，陈作模，葛文杰.机械原理M.高等教育出版社，2006.3濮良贵，纪名刚.机械设计M.高等教育出版社，2006.4吴宗泽.机械设计实用手册M.化学工业出版社，1999.同组设计者注：1、任务书由指导教师填写；2、任务书在第七学期期末下达给学生。学生完成毕业设计（论文）工作进度计划表序号毕业设计（论文）工作任务工作进度日程安排周次12345678910111213141516171819201查阅资料、学习相关基础知识2完成开题报告3完成文献翻译、文献综述4完成设计计算和校核计算5完成图纸的设计和绘制6毕业设计论文撰写（5月31日前结束全部设计，资料交指导老师）7准备毕业设计答辩及资料整理注：1、此表由指导教师填写；2、此表每个学生一份，作为毕业设计（论文）检查工作进度之依据；3、进度安排用“”在相应位置画出。毕业设计（论文）阶段工作情况检查表时间第一阶段（14周）第二阶段（512周）第三阶段（1316周）内容组织纪律完成任务情况组织纪律完成任务情况组织纪律完成任务情况检查情况教师签字签字日期签字日期签字日期注：1、此表由指导教师认真填写；2、“组织纪律”一栏根据学生具体执行情况如实填写；3、“完成任务情况”一栏按学生是否按进度保质保量完成任务的情况填写；4、对违纪和不能按时完成任务者，指导教师可根据情节轻重对该生提出警告或不能参加答辩的建议。重庆理工大学毕业设计（论文）外文翻译题目 PSH4D型立体停车库横移传动机构设计二级学院机械工程学院专业机械设计制造及其自动化班级 109040202姓名施长明学号 10904020223 指导教师系主任时间 2013.3 PLC-based control of multi-storey parking study and design1. Overview of parkingThe application of parking facilities for over 30 years history of the older better Japan South Korea Taiwan Germany is well knownChinas economy has experienced 30 years of rapid growth the quality of public life increasing demands quotCommunity Mapquot in the quotlinequotto a new level. Subsequent transport situation is tense Japan and Canada which includes both dynamic and static. As the city high-risebuildings built by the level of housing reform like parking shift from three-dimensional surface parking parking in a static traffic in thealready occupied an increasingly important position. Underground parking garage compared with the traditional in many ways is thefirst section shows the superiority of the advantages of the past underground garage vehicular access due Leave generous the average carwould occupy 40 square meters of area If using double-parking garage the ground can increase the utilization rate of 80 -90 if theuse of multi-floor 21 floor Three-dimensional garage then the land area of 50 square meters will be placed on the 40 vehicles that canto save land resources and reduce the cost of civil engineering development. For example the Indonesian Embassy in Beijing did notbuild multi-storey parking before the plane can only put five cars are now built three-dimensional lifting and after class garage can park13 cars the basic requirements to meet the Embassy . It is generally considered good prospects for parking equipment industry and hasbeen hailed as the 21st century one of the most popular industry.2. Lifting and transferring the concept garageParking equipment has provided a total of 9 categories: lifting and class PSH simple lifting class PJS vertical lifting type PCSthe vertical circulation category PCX flat mobile class PPY tunnel reactor stack class PXD multi-cycle class PDX the level ofcirculating type PSX vehicle lift PQS there are dozens of specifications can be applied to a different space site conditions is a highsecurity high reliability high efficiency of automation equipment. Especially in these types of lifting and 9 classes PSH parking mostwidely used. Used to set the rising and falling or sliding vehicle access to vehicles parking garage equipment category called lifting andgarage. Lifting and transferring garage modular design each unit can be designed as two three four five half-underground and othermeans the number of parking spaces from a few to hundreds. As the lifting and transferring the pattern classes more parking vary in sizestrong adaptability to the site therefore use of such equipment is common parking garage. Its working principle is: Each car parkingspaces are presented board set the required access to the vehicle by vehicle plate upward and downward sliding movement to reach theground floor the driver entered the garage access to vehicles complete the access process. The upper or lower parking spaces need totraverse the space through the middle layer will contain the vehicle plate up or down to ground level the pilot before entering the garageor out a car into the garage. 3. Three lifting and transferring parking systemLifting and transferring parking garage is a typical cross-disciplinary integration of mechanical and electrical products mechanicalassembly electronics information technology in one. Lifting and transferring parking mainly by the steel parts car panels containing partthe transmission system control system security system five components shown in Figure 2. Three mechanical parking equipment islifting and machinery of a type of parking equipment this type of garage equipment in the middle of each layer the ground floor are toremain free parking ground floor only do sliding movement on the ground while doing Traversing the second floor done-and-downmovement the ground layer only do Movement. Run-time ground floor direct access to cars on the floor the second floor accessvehicles need to correspond through the ground floor containing the car sliding to the space station the lift reached the ground floor toachieve the ground three car access is required the second floor by floor the ground floor of loading corresponding to the space stationafter traversing the same time lift reaches the ground layer. The movement of general principles: down reset translation is not reset.Parking parking required by the user specification and design automatic and manual operation mode of two points can be switched onand off during normal operation in the garage to use automated means in equipment maintenance and debugging can be used manually.Both automatic and manually controlled by PLC programmable controller so devices can guarantee the safe operation of any manner.Equipment There are several safety devices to ensure safety of people and vehicles such as anti-fall safety devices limit and preventexcessive volume device Automatic power-off braking device the wrong break phase protection.3.1 The main frame partActual projects: Beijing Indonesia Embassy lifting and transferring class parking equipment overall structure simple generous givepeople lightweight sprightly feeling. Main steel structure uses H steel channel steel plate welding molding use bolt connectedframework struture strength and stiffness. Order steel part appearance beautiful and anti corrosion antirust ability steel some paintingbefore adopted mechanical derusting processing so parking equipment overall surface protective level reached higher grade. In additionthe second set of equipment can be assembled and combined can be installed to ensure reliable quality favorable transport and reducingon-site installation time.3.2 Car plates containingSet car plates are used to carry inventory of vehicles. Set car plates from the 2.3mm of galvanized sheet bending forming aroundedge girder 4.5mm of galvanized sheet bending forming. Edge beam and set vehicles with no plate bolt connection set car plates toensure rigidity and strength. Resistance of loading plate with vehicle and stopper.3.3 Drive SystemParking equipment drive system uses chain or rope traction drive transmission. The car parking facilities containing the upper plate bythe lift motor gear driven by a chain-driven roller then roll through the rope-driven movements of loading plate. Two-story framestructure with sliding respectively each sliding frame with lifting and sliding the two motors both frame by sliding the track traversemotor can also be set through the lifting motor vehicles to reach the rising and falling ground level achieving access to cars. Thetransmission mode compared with other methods has run a smooth safe and reliable maintenance and convenient while itsenvironmental performance is also superior to the other drive. The lower plate by a motor vehicle containing reducer to walk through thechain drive wheel drive along the traverse track movement. Drive motor assembly gear reducer motor and brake as a whole small sizelight weight low noise using long-term grease stable and reliable performance long life long-term maintenance-free quality superior.3.4 Control SystemControl the main control object is sliding down a small motor and large motor vehicles to make them according to the requirementsof access to use button operation to achieve power by changing the phase sequence of loading platform to achieve the right and left or upand down. Second to control various auxiliary devices within the garage such as: light and its various security facilities. To ensure theboard can traverse and set cars up or down to the specified location using a limit switch positioning. To determine whether the board ofloading vehicles using optical switches. General small garage can use button operations can also use touch screen operation. All inputand output switching capacity of lifting and transferring garage circuit is simple less demanding on the environment with itsanti-interference ability of PLC and isolation transformers can meet the requirements it may no longer have an additionalanti-interference measures in other so that the exact garage system can orderly work.Core part of the control system PLC control PLC has strong anti-interference strong stability system reliability modularity and otherstructural features. The control system is the set of mechanical parking control system applicable in the area. The control system detects adevice with high sensitivity and accuracy and reliability of work and feedback in a timely manner.Contactor output unit is sensitive reliable advanced technology easy maintenance overload and short circuit protection complete links.The control system of the host PLC contactors circuit breakers trip switches buttons photoelectric switches and other key componentsusing the Japanese Fuji Mitsubishi LG and other imported electronic components.3.5 Operating systemOperating manual for the button box or touch screen operation. Usually mechanical parking spaces on both fixed number the depositTake vehicles a layer of vehicle operation without the need for control box drivers can be entered directly into the vehicle or out ofloading platform to access the vehicles purpose three-in access to vehicles first of all the operator select the number of parking spacesAfter confirmation press the corresponding buttons start the corresponding transmission PLC program can automatically make theselected audience of loading the corresponding three-layer layer ground floor and out of cars and first to the left or to the the rightmove to stay out of space and then three-set car plate fell to the ground through the transmission layer so as to achieve the purpose ofaccess to vehicles. Similarly the second floor in the access to vehicles first select the same number of parking spaces confirmation andthen press the appropriate buttons to start the corresponding transmission PLC program can automatically select the second floor of thecar plate containing a layer under the corresponding ground floor and out of cars first to the left or right to stay out of space and thenthe second floor of loading plate through the transmission fell to the ground floor so as to achieve the purpose of access to vehicles.Deposit car or pick up the car after pressing the confirm button car automatic reset wait for the next operation command. Need manualoperation can be combined into a manual button to move the operation that is hold down the button and equipment operation releasethe button device to stop step by step operation is complete access to vehicles.3.6 Safety SystemWith power phase phase and phase sequence protection time delay anti-people foreign body mistakenly entered the infrared detectiondevices vehicle location prevent the fall of loading plate device emergency stop devices.4. Conclusion and OutlookA programmable controller as lifting and transferring control of the garage the core unit which is taken into account a variety ofobjective factors of the case put forward. Programmable controller with its good control performance small size powerful shortdevelopment cycle and the characteristics of strong anti-interference is widely used in the garage of the control system. Centralizedparking many advanced modern technology high-tech garage which lifting and transferring convenient parking garage access speedgarage flexible structure low cost has become in the future parking the main form of development. If the PC-PC as the control systemthrough flexible friendly interface to Internet as an information channel can be realized on the parking garage remote network controland management.基于 PLC 的多层停车场的研究与设计1.立体停车库发展概况立体停车库设备的应用已有 30 多年的历史了发展较早、较好的有日本、韩国、台湾省、德国等众所周知，我国经济在经历了近 30 年的高速增长之后，大众对生活质量的要求日益提高，“衣食住行”中的“行”提高到一个新的高度。随之而来的交通方面的情况也日加紧张，而这包含了动态与静态两个方面。如同城市中由平房改建成高楼大厦一样，停车也从平面转向立体化停放，立体停车在静态交通中已经占有越来越重要的地位。立体停车库与传统的地下车库相比，在许多方面都显示出优越性首先是节地优势，以往的地下车库由于要留出足够的行车通道，平均一辆车就要占据 40 平方米的面积，而如果采用双层立体停车库，可使地面的使用率提高 8090，如果采用地上多层（21 层）立体式车库的话，50 平方米的土地面积上便可存放 40 辆车，可以节省土地资源和减少土建开发成本。例如北京印度尼西亚驻华大使馆未建多层立体停车库前平面只能放五辆车，现建成三层立体升降横移类停车库后，能停放 13 辆车，基本能满足驻华大使馆要求。人们普遍认为停车设备行业发展前景良好，并已被誉为 21 世纪最热门的行业之一。2.升降横移式立体停车库概念立体停车设备目前已提供的共有 9 大类：升降横移类（PSH）、简易升降类（PJS）、垂直升降类（PCS）、垂直循环类（PCX）、平面移动类（PPY）、巷道堆垛类（PXD）、多层循环类（PDX）、水平循环类（PSX）、汽车升降机（PQS），又有几十种规格，可以适用于不同的空间、场地条件，是一种具有高安全性，高可靠性、高效率的自动化成套设备。在以上 9 种类型尤以升降横移类（PSH）立体停车库应用最为广泛。采用以载车板升降或横移存取车辆的立体停车设备的停车库叫做升降横移类停车库。升降横移式立体停车库采用模块化设计，每单元可设计成两层、三层、四层、五层、半地下等多种形式，车位数从几个到上百个。由于升降横移类立体停车库的型式比较多，规模可大可小，对场地的适应性较强，因此，采用这类设备的停车库十分普遍。其工作原理为：每个车位均有载车板，所需存取车辆的载车板通过升、降、横移运动到达地面层，驾驶员进入车库，存取车辆，完成存取过程。上层车位或下层车位需通过中间层横移出空位，将载车板升或降到地面层，驾驶员才可进入车库内将汽车开进或开出车库。3.三层升降横移式立体停车库系统设计升降横移式立体停车库是一种比较典型的跨学科机电一体化产品，集机械、电子、信息技术于一体。升降横移式立体停车库主要由钢结构部分、载车板部分、传动系统、控制系统、安全防护系统 5 部分组成，如图 2 所示。三层机械停车设备是升降横移类机械式停车设备的一个类型，此类型车库每组设备的中间层、地面层都留有空车位，地面层只做横移运动，地上二层既做横移运动又做升降运动，地上三层只做升降运动。运行时，地面层可直接存取车；地上二层存取车，需通过地面层相对应的载车台横移让出空位后，升降到达地面层实现；地上三层存取车时，需通过地上二层、地面层相对应的载车台同时横移让出空位后，升降到达地面层实现。其运动的总原则是：升降复位平移不复位。立体停车库按用户所要求的停车规格设计，运行方式分自动和手动两种，可通过开关切换，在车库正常运行时使用自动方式，在设备维修和调试时可使用手动方式。自动方式和手动方式均采用 PLC 可编程控制器控制，因此可保证设备在任何方式下的安全运行。设备有多种安全装置可确保人车安全，如安全防坠装置，限位及防过卷装置，断电自动刹车制动装置，错断相保护等。3.1 主框架部分实际工程项目：北京印度尼西亚驻华大使馆升降横移类立体停车库，设备整体结构简洁、大方，给人以轻巧、明快的感觉。主体钢架结构采用 H 型钢、槽钢、钢板焊接成型，用高强度螺栓连接成框架结构，具有较好的强度和刚度。为了使钢架部分的外观美观以及具有抗腐蚀、防锈能力，对钢结构部分喷漆之前采用了机械除锈处理，使停车设备整体表面防护水平达到了较高的档次。另外，整套设备可进行二次拼装和组合，能可靠保证安装质量，有利于运输和缩短现场安装时间。3.2 载车板载车板是用来承载库存车辆的。载车板由2.3mm 的镀锌板压弯成型，

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