than用法的重要点.doc

昂立外语：/than用法的重要点1. 在通常情况下，后接人称代词时可用主格也可用宾格，含义一样。如：He is taller than I me. 他比我高。He swims faster than she her. 他比她游泳游得快。若人称代词之后跟有动词，则只能用主格。如：He is taller than I am. 他比我高。He swims faster than she does. 他比她游泳游得快。有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化。比较：I like you better than he (likes you). 我比他更喜欢你。I like you better than (he likes) him. 我喜欢你胜过喜欢他。2. 通常不与由 and 连接的两个比较级连用。如：误：Its colder and colder than ever误：Computers are cheaper and cheaper than before.误：She is more and more interested in English than last year.改正的办法：要么去掉后面的than结构，要么将and与一个比较级。如说成：It is colder than ever. 或 It is colder and colder. 等。3. than 通常用于两个不同的人或物在同一方面进行比较，但有时指的可能是同一个人或物在同两个不同的方面进行比较。如：Hes more fat than (hes) short. 与其说他矮不如说他胖。They are more brave than wise. 他们有勇无谋。此类结构只能用 more 构成比较级，不能用-er 形式，即使是单音节也是如此。4. than any other后接名词时通常用单数形式，很少用复数。如：He swims faster than any other student in his class. 他比班上的其他任何学生都游得快。5. 当连接两个非谓语动词时，通常应保持用前后一致的形式。如：他认为他自己开车比让我开车要更安全些。正：He thinks it is safer to drive himself than (to) let me drive.正：He thinks that driving himself is safer than letting me drive.若不是连接两个非谓语动词，但其后出现有动词，则该动词通常用动名词（虽然也可用不定式，但不如用动名词普通）。如：I cleaned my shoes, which was better than doing nothing. 我把鞋子擦干净了，这比闲着什么都不干要好。Nothing is more unpleasant than finding to find insects in your bath. 最使人不快的是在浴室里发现有虫子。6. 类似以下这类句子，可以认为 than就是这类句子主语，也可认为than后省略了what：He never says more than is necessary. 没有必要的话，他从不多说。There were more deaths than was first supposed. 死亡人数比最先预料的要多。有时这类句子的省略可以多种形式，且有时其主语可补充完整。如：他比预料的要来得早。正：He came earlier than expected.正：He came earlier than was expected.正：He came earlier than he was expected.7. 带有never (a) 的比较级结构后连用了than时，是一种强调说法，通常表示最高级的含义。如：Ive never had a worse morning than today. 我哪一天早上也不像今天早上这样倒霉。若意思明确，有时可省略than结构。如：He is fine, never better. 他很好，比以往任何时候都好。Ive never found a better job. 这是我找到的最好的工作。8. 若语义需要，有时可后接when, if等引导的从句。如：You are a little fatter than when I saw you last. 你比我上次见你时胖点了。They work better together than if they are alone. 他们一起干比他们单干效果要好。有时还可