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带式输送机驱动装置设计【9张CAD图纸+毕业论文】【矿山输送机械】

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关键词：: 输送驱动装置设计 cad 图纸毕业论文矿山机械

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摘要
带式输送机驱动装置是输送机的动力的来源，主要由电动机通过联轴器、减速器、带动传动滚筒转动。
本驱动装置设计中，首先根据输送机的工作要求确定传动方案,然后确定电动机,由电机及工作机进行减速器设计, 驱动装置，驱动装置架，传动滚筒，滚筒头架设计。

关键词：带式输送机驱动装置减速器滚筒

Abstract
Conveyor belt conveyor drive is the driving force of the source. The main belt conveyor drive motor through a coupling, reducer, driving drum driven rotation. With drum and the friction of the belt, the belt movement, a tilt of the belt conveyor also set up for brakes and stop.
In this drive in accordance with the design of the first conveyor requirements for the work programme identified transmission, and then determine Motors, electrical and machine reducer design work, drive, drive planes, driving drum, drum-head design .

Keywords: Beltconveyor DrivingDevice Reducer Drum

1概述 1
1.1带式输送机的发展历程及发展方向 1
1.2 输送机的分类 2
1.3 驱动装置 4
2运动方案的拟订 6
3减速器设计 9
3.1 选择电动机 9
3.1.2 选择电动机的容量 9
3.1.3 确定电动机的转速 10
3.2 计算总传动比并分配各级传动比 11
3.3 运动参数的计算 11
3.3.1 计算各轴转速: 11
3.3.2 各轴的功率和转矩 11
3.4 传动零件(齿轮)的设计 13
3.4.1 高速级齿轮传动的设计计算 13
3.4.1.1 选择材料、齿轮精度等级、类型及齿数 13
3.4.1.2 按齿面接触强度设计 14
3.4.1.3 按齿根弯曲强度设计 16
3.4.1.4几何尺寸计算 18
3.4.2 低带级齿轮传动的设计计算 19
3.4.2.1 选择材料、齿轮精度等级、类型及齿数 19
3.4.2.2 按齿面接触强度设计 19
3.4.2.3 按齿根弯曲强度设计 22
3.4.2.4 几何尺寸计算 23
3.5 轴的设计 24
3.5.1 轴的材料 24
3.5.2轴径的初步估算 24
3.5.3 轴的结构设计 25
3.5.4 按弯扭合成进行轴的强度校核 27
3.6.1 轴I上的轴承的选择 37
3.6.3 轴III(输出轴)上的轴承的选择 42
3.7.1 高速级大齿轮与轴的联接 44
3.7.2 低速级大齿轮与轴的联接 45
3.9.1 联轴器的选择设计 48
3.9.1.1 高速轴联轴器 48
3.9.1.2 低速级联轴器的选择设计 50
3.9.3 密封 53
3.9.4 公差与配合 54
3.9.5 其他附件的设计 54
4 驱动滚筒设计 58
4.2.2 滚筒轴的校核 65
4.2.3 滚筒的周向定位 65
5 托辊的设计 67
5.1.1 作用 67
5.1.2 托辊的类型 67
5.3.1槽形托辊 69
5.3.2 缓冲托辊 70
5.3.3 回程托辊 71
5.3.4 调心托辊 72
6.机架 75
7.拉紧装置 76
致谢................................................77
参考文献............................................78

1概述

1.1带式输送机的发展历程及发展方向

随着世界装备制造业向中国转移及我国带式输送机产品的技术进步，中国成为世界上最大的带式输送机产品研发和制造基地指日可待，5年后我国带式输送机全球市场占有率将达到50%左右。下游产业的发展和技术进步，要求为其配套的橡胶输送带行业更快地与国际接轨，采用国际先进标准、不断提高产品质量、开发低阻力节能型输送带、加强技术服务，成为下游产业的迫切要求。
带式输送机作为大宗散状物料连续输送设备，广泛应用于大型露天煤矿、大型露天金属矿、港口码头以及火电、钢铁、有色、建材、化工、粮食等行业，是现代工业和现代物流业不可或缺的重要技术装备。上世纪80年代初，我国带式输送机行业只能生产TD75型带式输送机，因而配套棉帆布输送带即可满足要求，但当时国家重点工程项目中带式输送机产品却都是从国外进口。80年代中期，我国带式输送机行业开始引进国外先进技术和专用制造设备，设计制造水平有了质的提高，并逐渐替代进口产品。近年来，我国带式输送机总体上已经达到国际先进水平，除满足国内项目建设的需求外，已经开始批量出口，其设计制造能力、产品性能和产品质量得到了国际市场的认可。而输送带作为承载和牵引构件，是带式输送机中的主要部件之一，因此必须满足国内大型项目及国际更高标准的要求。
目前带式输送机发展的重点产品包括长距离、大运量、高带速带式输送机，水平及空间曲线越野带式输送机，露天矿用移置式带式输送机，大型下运带式输送机，自移机尾可伸缩带式输送机，园管带式输送机，大倾角上运带式输送机，钢丝绳牵引带式输送机。重点研发的核心技术包括带式输送机动态分析设计技术，智能化可控驱动系统研发，物料转载点新型耐磨材料研制，钢结构优化设计技术以及带式输送系统节能技术、环保技术和散料输送系统集成及工程设计技术等。

1.2 输送机的分类
带式输送机分类方法有多种,按运输物料的输送带结构可分成两类,一类是普通型带式输送机,这类带式输送机在输送带运输物料的过程中,上带呈槽形,下带呈平形,输送带有托辊托起,输送带外表几何形状均为平面;另外一类是特种结构的带式输送机,各有各的输送特点.其简介如下:
各种带式输送机的特点
⑴.QD80轻型固定式带输送机QD80轻型固定式带输送机与TDⅡ型相比,其带较薄、载荷也较轻,运距一般不超过100m,电机容量不超过22kw.
⑵.它属于高强度带式输送机,其输送带的带芯中有平行的细钢绳，一台运输机运距可达几公里到几十公里.
⑶.U形带式输送机它又称为槽形带式输送机,其明显特点是将普通带式输送机的槽形托辊角由提高到使输送带成U形.这样一来输送带与物料间产生挤压,导致物料对胶带的摩擦力增大,从而输送机的运输倾角可达25°.
⑷. 管形带式输送机U形带式输送带进一步的成槽,最后形成一个圆管状,即为管形带式输送机,因为输送带被卷成一个圆管,故可以实现闭密输送物料,可明显减轻粉状物料对环境的污染,并且可以实现弯曲运行.
⑸.气垫式带输送机其输送带不是运行在托辊上的,而是在空气膜（气垫）上运行,省去了托辊,用不动的带有气孔的气室盘形槽和气室取代了运行的托辊, 运动部件的减少,总的等效质量减少,阻力减小,效率提高,并且运行平稳,可提高带速.但一般其运送物料的块度不超过300mm.增大物流断面的方法除了用托辊把输送带强压成槽形外,也可以改变输送带本身,把输送带的运载面做成垂直边的,并且带有横隔板.一般把垂直侧挡边作成波状,故称为波状带式输送机,这种机型适用于大倾角,倾角在30°以上,最大可达90°.
（6）.压带式带输送机它是用一条辅助带对物料施加压力.这种输送机的主要优点是:输送物料的最大倾角可达90°,运行速度可达6m/s,输送能力不随倾角的变化而变化,可实现松散物料和有毒物料的密闭输送.其主要缺点是结构复杂、输送带的磨损增大和能耗较大.
⑺.钢绳牵引带式输送机它是无际绳运输与带式运输相结合的产物,既具有钢绳的高强度、牵引灵活的特点,又具有带式运输的连续、柔性的优点。

1.3 驱动装置

驱动装置的作用是将电动机的动力传递给输送带，并带动它运动。
机器通常由原动机、传动装置和工作装置三部分组成。传动装置用来传递
原动机的运动和动力、变换其运动形式以满足工作装置的需要，是机器的重要组成部分。
驱动装置是带式输送机的动力传递机构。一般由电动机、联轴器、制动器、减速器及驱动滚筒组成。
电动机：带式输送机用的电动机，有鼠笼式、绕线式异步电动机。在有防爆要求的场合，就采用矿用隔爆机。使用液力耦合器时，不需要具有高起动力矩的电动机，只要与耦合器匹配得当，就能得到接近电机最大力矩的起动力矩。
联轴器：按传动和结构上的需要，分别采用液力耦合器、柱梢联轴器、棒梢联轴器、齿轮联轴器或十字滑块联轴器。
减速器：带式输送机用的减速器，有圆柱齿轮减速器和圆锥-圆柱齿轮减速器。圆柱齿轮减速器的传动效率高，但是它要求电机轴与输送机轴平行，驱动装置占地宽度大，适合于在地面驱动；而井下使用时需要加宽峒室，若把电机布置在输送带下面，会给维护和更换造成困难。因此，用于采区巷道是，常采用圆锥-圆柱齿轮减速器。

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内容简介：: Ultrasonics 38 (2000) 7276www.elsevier.nl/locate/ultrasOne-dimensional longitudinaltorsional vibration converterwith multiple diagonally slitted partsJiromaru Tsujino*, Tetsugi Ueoka, Kenichi Otoda, Atsushi FujimiFaculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, Yokohama 221-8686, JapanAbstractFor increasing the available vibration velocity of the one-dimensional longitudinaltorsional vibration converter, a new typeof complex vibration converter with multiple slitted parts installed in the positions avoiding longitudinal nodal positions alongthe converter for decreasing the maximum vibration stress level at the vibration nodal part was studied. The free end of theconverter vibrates in an elliptical or circular locus. Complex vibration systems with elliptical to circular or rectangular to squareloci can be applied effectively for various high-power applications, including ultrasonic welding of metal or plastics, ultrasonicwire bonding of IC, LSI and electronic devices, and also ultrasonic motors. The converter with multiple slitted parts was improvedin the vibration stress level and the quality factor compared with the converter with single slitted part. 2000 Elsevier ScienceB.V. All rights reserved.Keywords: Circular vibration locus; Complex vibration; Complex vibration ultrasonic welding; Longitudinaltorsional vibration converter;Ultrasonic motor; Ultrasonic plastic welding; Vibration converter with diagonal slits1. Introductionvibration characteristics because the maximum vibrationstress along the converter is decreased in comparison tothe converter with a slitted part, and the maximumComplex vibration systems with elliptical to circularvibration amplitude of the converter increases signifi-or rectangular to square loci are effective for variouscantly. Vibration locus, and vibration velocity and phasehigh-power applications. A one-dimensional longitudi-distributions along the converter were measured by twonaltorsional vibration converter with a slitted part atlaser Doppler vibrometers. The new-type converterslongitudinal vibration nodal area driven by a longitudi-were used for ultrasonic plastic welding and ultrasonicnal vibration system is useful for high-power applica-motors.tions including ultrasonic welding of various materials,The maximum available vibration velocity increasedultrasonic wire bonding of bonding of IC, LSI andsignificantly with the new converter. Welding character-electronic devices, and also ultrasonic motors 14. Aistics of plastic materials were improved by the complexnew type of converter with multiple slitted parts, forvibration converter.improving the vibration characteristics and increasingThe longitudinal and torsional vibration amplitudesthe available vibration velocity of the converter, isof a 15 mm diameter of a new converter for an ultrasonicstudied. The slitted parts are installed in multiple posi-motor increased to about 12 mm (peak-to-zero value)tions avoiding longitudinal nodal positions along thefrom 6 mm with a former converter under the sameconverter for decreasing the maximum vibration stressdriving voltage 60 Vrms at 55 kHz.level at the vibration nodal part. Using multiple slittedThe converter with multiple slitted parts was foundparts, the maximum vibration stress along a converterto be effective for improving the vibration characteristicsdecreases and the quality factor increases, and theand increasing the available complex vibration velocity.maximum vibration amplitude increases significantly atthe same driving voltage 5. The converter has superior2. Configurations of vibration converters* Corresponding author. Tel.: +81-45-481-5661;Configurations of two examples of the vibrationfax: +81-45-491-7915.E-mail address: tsujinocc.kanagawa-u.ac.jp (J. Tsujino)converters 20 mm in diameter and 79 mm in length, with0041-624X/00/$ - see front matter 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.PII: S0041-624X(99)00175-473J. Tsujino et al. / Ultrasonics 38 (2000) 72764. Complex vibration ultrasonic plastic welding4.1. Vibration characteristics of a complex vibrationconvertersFig. 2 shows the relationship between driving fre-quency and longitudinal and torsional vibration velocityof a complex vibration system with the vibration con-verter (a). The driving voltage is kept constant at20 Vrms. Longitudinal and torsional vibration velocitieshave maximum values at different frequencies at around26.3 and 26.4 kHz. The elliptical locus is obtained atthe free edge of the converter.Torsional and radial vibration velocity distributionsat 26.8 kHz along a complex vibration converter withFig. 1. Various one-dimensional longitudinal to torsional vibrationdouble slitted parts (a) and (b) are shown in Fig. 3. Oneconverters with double slitted parts.torsional vibration velocity nodal part is within a leftslitted area, and the vibration velocities have maximumvalues at the free edge.The radial vibration velocity distribution along aslitted parts that were installed avoiding a longitudinalcomplex vibration converter with double slitted partsnodal part, are shown in Fig. 1. The cylindrical longitu-dinaltorsional vibration converters, made of aluminumalloy (JISA7075B), had two slitted parts on both sidesof a longitudinal vibration nodal part at its circumfer-ence. The converters were driven by a longitudinalvibration source. Various converters with (a) differentand (b) the same angle diagonally slitted parts weremade in the trials. The vibration converter part had 18diagonal slits of 45 or 135, 10 mm width and 0.5 mmwidthwerecut alongitscircumferenceusinganelectrosparking machine. The slit depth was altered from1.0 to 3.0 mm. The free edge part of the convertervibrated longitudinally and torsionally and vibrated inan elliptical locus.Fig. 2. Torsional and radial vibration velocity distributions along com-plex vibration converters (a) and (b). Driving voltage: 20 Vrms.3. Vibration characteristics of the converters with twoslitted partsThe free admittance loops of the total vibrationsystems with the converters Fig. 1(a) and (b) weremeasured. The quality factor and motional admittance,|Ymo|, of the vibration system with a converter withdifferent angle slitted parts (a) and the same angle slittedparts (b) were about 600 and 30 mS under weldingconditions of two 1.0 mm thick polypropyrene sheetswith a static pressure of 890 kPa. The admittance loopsof the vibration system with the converters show singlecircular shapes because the resonance frequencies of thelongitudinal and torsional vibrations are close. Thequality factors and motional admittances of the bothFig. 3. Relationship between driving frequency, and longitudinal andsystems are large. Elliptical loci were obtained at thetorsional vibration velocity of a complex vibration system with a vibra-tion converter (A). Driving voltage: 20 Vrms.free edges of the converters.74J. Tsujino et al. / Ultrasonics 38 (2000) 7276(a) is also shown in Fig. 3 (dotted line). A radialand double slitted parts. In the case of the converterwith single slitted part, the slitted part is positioned atvibration velocity maximum position means a longitudi-a nodal position of the longitudinal vibration along thenal vibration nodal position, and the longitudinal nodalcylindrical longitudinaltorsional vibration converters.position is positioned between two slitted parts. TheOn the contrary, in the case of the converter with twotwo slitted areas exist out of the longitudinal nodalslitted parts, the slitted parts are positioned avoidingposition where the vibration stress has a maximum valuethe longitudinal vibration nodal position. The converteralong the converter.with diagonal slits is driven by a longitudinal vibrationsource of two piezoelectric ceramic (leadzircontita-4.2. Welding characteristics of complex vibrationnate; PZT) disks, 15 mm in diameter and 5.0 mm inultrasonic plastic weldingthickness. The vibration converter slitted part has 12diagonal slits of 45 or 135 and 0.5 mm in width and 10The relationship between welding time, specimenor 5 mm in length, cut by an electrosparking machinedeformed thickness at the welded parts and the weldalong the circumference of these converters fabricatedstrength of the lapped polypropyrene sheets (1.0 mm infrom aluminum alloy (JISA7075B). The slit depths ofthickness), welded using a 27 kHz complex vibrationthe 15 mm diameter converter are altered from 1.5 tosystem with a converter (a) and (b), is shown in Fig. 4.3.5 mm. The free edge of the converter vibrates longitu-The weld strengths obtained by the system with con-dinally and torsionally and vibrates in an elliptical locus.verter (a) are larger than those with a converter (b).The PZT longitudinal vibration transducers, a longi-The welding time required becomes shorter using thetudinal vibration rod with a flange for supporting thevibration system (a) with a larger torsional vibrationmotor and a slitted cylinder are clamped by a connectingcomponent. The decrease in specimen deformed thick-bolt. The driving part of the converter and the rotorness at the welded parts roughly corresponds to thepart are statically pressed using corned disk springs byobtained weld strength. Specimens were welded in aa center bolt and nuts. The driving surfaces of theshorter welding time using a complex vibration systemconverter (JISA7075B) and the rotor (steel: SKD-61 orcompared with a longitudinal vibration system. ComplexSK-4: tempered) are ground to be flat and smooth usingvibration is effective for ultrasonic welding of plastic15002000 mesh polishing powder.materials as for metal materials.5.2. Vibration characteristics of 15 mm diameterultrasonic motors5. Ultrasonic motors with a longitudinaltorsionalconverterThe longitudinal and torsional vibration amplitudesat the free edge of these converters were measured by5.1. Configuration of ultrasonic motorstwo laser Doppler vibrometers when the driving fre-quency was altered. These converters have near-reso-The configurations of the ultrasonic motors andnance frequencies of the longitudinal and torsionalvibration converters, 15 mm in diameter, are shown invibrations similar to Fig. 2. The largest longitudinalFig. 5. Fig. 5(a) and (b) show the configurations ofvibration amplitudes of the converter of single and two15 mm diameter motors using a converter with singleslitted parts without a rotor part were about 6 and12 mm (peak-to-zero value) at frequencies of 5055 kHz.The largest longitudinal vibration amplitudes of theseconverters with a rotor part are about 3 and 9 mm atfrequencies near to 55 kHz. The largest vibration ampli-tudes of a converter with double slitted parts are abouttwo to three times compared with the amplitudes of aconverter with single slitted part.5.3. Vibration loci at the driving surface of the converterIn these cases, the longitudinal vibration is partiallyconverted to torsional vibration at the slitted parts, andthe cylinder part of the converter vibrates longitudinallyand torsionally. The vibration locus at the free edge isdetermined by the vibration phase difference betweenFig. 4. Relationship between welding time, deformed weldment heightthese vibrations. Vibration loci at the driving surfacesand weld strength of the lapped polypropyrene sheets (1.0 mm in thick-of longitudinaltorsional converters were measuredness), weldedusing a 27 kHz complexvibration systemwith a converter(a) and (b).using two laser Doppler vibrometers (20 MHz) that75J. Tsujino et al. / Ultrasonics 38 (2000) 7276Fig. 5. Configurations of 15 mm diameter ultrasonic motors using a longitudinaltorsional vibration converter with single slitted part (a) anddouble slitted parts (b).detect longitudinal and torsional vibrations indepen-length of the ultrasonic motor of 15 mm diameter in thedriving frequency 55.1 kHz (without a rotor) anddently. The vibration locus is shown on a digital memoryoscilloscope screen as a Lissajous figure. Fig. 6 shows54.26 kHz (with a rotor). The vibration locus amplitudeat the driving surfaces of converter decreases slightlythe vibration loci at the driving surfaces of converterswith double slitted parts of 3.3 mm depth and 5 mmwhen the ultrasonic motor rotates.Fig. 6. Vibration loci at a driving part of a 15 mm diameter converter with and without a rotor part.76J. Tsujino et al. / Ultrasonics 38 (2000) 72766. Conclusionmaterials.The15 mmdiameterultrasonicmotor,together with a converter with double slitted parts,rotated at over 300 rpm.For increasing the available vibration velocity of thecomplex vibration converter, a new type of converterThe converters with multiple slitted parts were foundto be effective for improving the vibration characteristicswith multiple slitted parts was studied.This converter has multiple slitted parts that areand increasing the available complex vibration velocity.installed in multiple positions, avoiding nodal positionsalong the converter for decreasing the maximum vibra-tion stress level at the vibration node part. The weldingReferencescharacteristics of ultrasonic plastic welding using com-plex vibrations were studied. Also, 15 mm diameter1 J. Tsujino, T. Ueoka, T. Shiraki, K. Hasegawa, R. Suzuki, M.ultrasonic motors using converters with double slittedTakeuchi, Proc. Int. Congress on Acoustics (1995) 447450.parts were tested.2 J. Tsujino, Proc. IEEE 1995 Ultrasonics Symp., IEEE, New York,The longitudinal vibration nodal part was located1996, pp. 10511060.between two slitted parts of the converters. The driving3 J. Tsujino, T. Uchida, K. Yamano, T. Iwamoto, T. Ueoka, Proc.2nd World Congress on Ultrasonics, Yokohama, Japan (1997)surface of the converter and the ultrasonic motor with152153.double slitted parts vibrated at higher vibration velocities4 J. Tsujino, T. Uchida, K. Yamano, T. Iwamoto, T. Ueoka, Proc.than those with a single slitted part at the same driv-IEEE1997UltrasonicsSymp.,IEEE,NewYork,1998,ing voltage.pp. 855860.The converter with double slitted parts significantly5 J. Tsujino, T. Ueoka, Proc. IEEE 1999 Ultrasonics Symp., IEEE,New York, 1999, pp. 723728.i

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