外经贸商务英语试卷.doc

对外经济贸易大学国际商学院高级商务英语期末试卷姓 名学 号成 绩 答题须知：- 试卷满分为100分。- 答卷时间为200分钟，答卷结束后，请将回答完毕的试卷通过在线考试系统上传，学院不接受其它方式的试卷回递方式。- - 请考生自行答题，如考试有舞弊行为，一经查实，成绩将判为0分。试卷内容（请将答案填在本文件后面的答题纸上）=I.Multiple choice 20% Choose the best answer either to complete the sentence or to replace the underlined part.1. The fog _ thick, all the ferry boats were suspended.A. isB. beingC. having beenD. was2. She said she wouldnt call us the next day, _ she?A. wouldB. wouldntC. didD. didnt3. The prisoner pleaded that he _ allowed to see his family, who did not yet know of his conviction.A. isB. wasC. beD. could be4. Its a shame _ able to give them any advice.A. to not have beenB. to have not beenC. to have been notD. not to have been5. After we made the improvement, there were only _ as before.A. one tenth defective products as manyB. defective products one-tenth as manyC. defective products as one-tenth manyD. one-tenth as many defective products6. With every transaction we perform _ electronically, we could have ourselves open to electronic monitoring or control by government.A. having recordedB. being recordedC. to record D. recording7.The father, who was illiterate, said to his son that he was _ dog to learn new tricks.A. much too old aB. so much old a C. a much too oldD. a so much old8. The Homestead Act of 1862 _ to acquire land at a small cost.A. made possible B. made the possibilityC. made it possibleD. possibly made9. The earth revolves a little more rapidly _ it is closer to the sun.A. whenB. orC. thanD. wherever10. The elderly Russians find it hard to live on their state _.A. donationsB. earningsC. salariesD. pensions 11. Teaching students of threshold level is hard work but the effort is very _.A. preciousB. rewardingC. worthD. challenging12. It is up to the government to tackle the air pollution problem and _ measures in line with the councils suggestions.A. set aboutB. work outC. fill upD. bring over13. Many people, if not most, _ literary taste as an elegant accomplishment, by acquiring which they will complete themselves, and make themselves finally fit as members of a correct society.A. look on B. look downC. look inD. look into14. They are _ investors who always make thorough investigations both on local and international markets before making an investment.A. implicit B. conscious C. cautious D. indecisive15.Mutual respect for territorial _ is one of the bases upon which our two countries develop relationship.A. unityB. integrityC. entiretyD. reliability16. In this poor country, survival is still the leading industry; all else is _.A. luxuryB. accommodationC. entertainmentD. refreshment17. In those days, executives expected to spend most of their lives in the same firm and, unless they were dismissed for _, to retire at the age of 65.A. integrityB. denialC. deductionD. incompetence18. The design of this auditorium shows a great deal of _. We have never seen such a building before.A. inventionB. illusionC. originalityD. orientation19. It is no _ that a large number of violent crimes are committed under the influence of alcohol.A. coincidenceB. correspondenceC. inspirationD. intuition20. The economic crises in that country have threatened the _ of the government.A. persistenceB. capabilityC. stabilityD. permanenceII. Explain clearly the following terms. 10%venture capitalIndustrial RevolutionIII.Answer the following questions.15%What factors foster the globalization of a country, big or small? What are some of the benefits countries can enjoy in the process of globalization? Why are some countries worried about globalization?IV.Cloze.15%Mood and MarketingOne factor that can influence consumers is their mood states. Mood may be defined _1_ a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied _2_ any particular circumstance. Moods should be _3_ from emotions which are usually more intense, related to specific circumstances, and often conscious. _4_ one sense, the effect of a consumers mood can be thought of in _5_ the same way as can our reactions to the behavior of our friends _ when our friends are happy and “up”, that tends to influence us positively, _6_ when they are “down”, that can have a negative impact on us. Similarly, consumers operating under a _7_ mood state tend to react to stimuli in a direction _8_ with the mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see _9_ in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a _10_ manner than they would when not in such a state. _11_, mood states appear capable of _12_ a consumers memory. Moods appear to be _13_ influenced by marketing techniques. For example, the rhythm, pitch, and volume of music have been shown to influence behavior such as the amount of time spent in supermarkets or _14_ to purchase products. In addition, advertising can influence consumers moods which, in _15_, are capable of influencing consumers reactions to products. (224 words)1. A. asB. aboutC. byD. with2. A. overB. underC. toD. up3. A. derivedB. descendedC. dividedD. distinguished4. A. OnB. OfC. In D. By5. A. thusB. muchC. even D. still6. A. forB. butC. unlessD. provided7. A. given B. grantedC. fixedD. driven8. A. resistantB. persistentC. insistentD. consistent 9. A. consumersB. businessmenC. retailersD. manufacturers10. A. casualB. criticalC. seriousD. favorable11. A. HoweverB. OtherwiseC. MoreoverD. Nevertheless12. A. liftingB. enhancingC. raisingD. cultivating13. A. readilyB. rarelyC. cautiouslyD. currently14. A. facilitiesB. capacitiesC. reflectionsD. intentions15. A. totalB. turnC. detailD. depthV. Reading comprehension. 15%Passage 1What is meant by the term economic resources? In general, these are all the natural, man-made, and human resources that go into the production of goods and services. This obviously covers a lot of ground: factories and farms, tools and machines, transportation and communication facilities, all types of natural resources, and labor. Economic resources can be broken down into two general categories: property resources - land and capital, and human resources - labor and entrepreneurial skills.What do economists mean by land? Much more than non-economists. Land refers to all natural resources that are usable in the production process: cultivatable land, forests, mineral and oil deposits, and so on. What about capital? Capital goods are all the man-made aids to producing, storing, transporting, and distributing goods and services. Capital goods differ from consumer goods in that the latter satisfy wants directly, while the former do so indirectly by facilitating the production of consumer goods. It should be noted that capitals as defined here do not refer to money. Money, as such, produces nothing.The term labor refers to the physical and mental talents of humans used to produce goods or services (with the exception of a certain set of human talents, entrepreneurial skills, which will be considered separately because of their special significance). Thus the services of a factory worker or an office worker, a ballet dancer or an astronaut all fall under the general heading of labor. (238w)1. In Paragraph 1, the author uses the expression This obviously covers a lot of ground to indicate that -.A. the factories and farms discussed in the passage are very largeB.economic resources will be discussed in great depthC. the topic of economic resources is a broad oneD. land is an important concept in economics2. When non-economists use the term land, its definition -.A. is much more general than when economists use itB. is much more restrictive than when economists use itC. changes from place to placeD. includes all types of natural resources3. Which of the following could be considered a kind of capital goods as defined in the passage?A. A rail road.B. Money.C. A coal deposit.D. Human skills.4. The word heading in the last sentence is closest in meaning to _.A. directionB. practiceC. categoryD. utility5. What is the authors main purpose in writing this passage?A. To explain the concept of labor.B.To criticize certain uses of capital.C. To contrast capital goods and consumer goods.D. To define economic resources.Passage 2Large companies need a way to reach the sayings of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know. And while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in their business through a stock exchange. By doing so they can put into use the savings of individuals and institutions, both at home and overseas.When the investor needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other person who is seeking to invest his money. Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the government or by local authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, etc. this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The government, local authorities, and nationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to a stock exchange. There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another this new money must come from the investment funds of the country. Stock exchanges exist to provide a channel through which these funds can reach those who need financing. (333w)1. Almost all companies involved in production and development must _.A. rely on their own financial resourcesB. persuade banks to provide long-term financeC. borrow large sums of money from friends and people they knowD. depend on the public as a whole for financing2. The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is _.A. repaid to its original owners as soon as possibleB. raised by selling sharesC. exchanged for partial ownership of the stock exchangeD. invested in different companies on the stock exchange3. When the investors want their money back they _.A. ask another company to obtain their money for themB. look for other people to borrow money fromC. put their shares back on the marketD. transfer their money to a more successful company4. Many essential services on which we depend are _.A. run by industriesB. in constant need of financial supportC. financed wholly by rates and taxesD. unable to provide for the needs of the population5. The stock exchange makes it possible for the government, local authorities and nationalized industries -.A. to raise money to finance new developments B. to make certain everybody saves moneyC. to borrow as much money as they wishD. to make certain everybody lends money to themVI.Translate the following sentences into English.10%1. 总统的讲话加剧了股市可能会暴跌的猜测。 2. 照现在这种样子，这个报价我恐怕我们不能接受。3. 选民通常对总统候选人所作出的政治许诺持怀疑态度。4. 有许多事需要优先考虑，但是降低通货膨胀是重中之重。5. 银行不但拒绝给他退钱，而且令他辱上加辱的是，银行还要他支付给他发通知的信函的邮资。VII.Translate the following passage into Chinese15%Last year (2001) American companies slashed pay bills by simply sacking staff. Lay-offs carry costs: cash-strapped companies cannot afford big redundancy payments; and repeated rounds of cuts wreak havoc with morale. To minimize the harm, “measure twice, cut once”, like a careful tailor, advises Bill Coleman of S, a website that tracks employment news. Or send staff home when demand is slack, as did Hewlett-Packard, a computer giant, over Christmas.But neither lay-offs nor mandatory time off can help for long with the basic problem: the need to live with slack demand and flat or falling prices. The most obvious way to live with such pressure is to pare employment costs. Some firms have already frozen or even cut pay. Airbus, whose employees were due for a 4% rise in January, has persuaded staff to accept a freeze, and replaced payments for overtime with extra time off.Lay-offs and freezes dont make a pay policy. Alan Stewart, the new chief executive of the British arm of Thomas Cook, a travel agency, has already announced redundancies and pay cuts for 2002. Now, he is scrutinizing the benefits package, to make sure that staff know its true cost and to let them choose how far they prefer, say, pensions to current pay. He also wants to spread the message that career progression will not mean earning more each year in the same job, but doing different things in the organization. Mr. Stewart talks of rewarding people by enhancing their employability, and he accepts the likely consequence: “We dont mind if good people come in for a couple of years and then leave. In a few more years, we may have a real slot for them.” (283 words)Examination for English Readings in International Business (A)Answer SheetName 杨帆 Number S110900101027 Score _I. Multiple choices. 20%1. ( B )2. ( D )3. ( C )4. ( D )5. ( D )6. ( B )7. ( B )8. ( C )9. ( A ) 10. ( D )11. ( B )12. ( B )13. ( A )14. ( C )15. ( B )16. ( A ) 17. ( D )18. ( C )19. ( A )20. ( C )II. Explain clearly the following terms. 10%Venture Capital is money provided by investors to startup firms and small businesses with perceived long-term growth potential. This is a very important source of funding for startups that do not have access to capital markets. It typically entails high risk for the investor, but it has the potential for above-average returns.The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transport, and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions starting in the United Kingdom, then subsequently spreading throughout Europe, North America, and eventually the world. The Industrial Revolution marks a major turning point in human history; almost every aspect of daily life was eventually influenced in some way. Most notably, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth. Economic historians are in agreement that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in the history of humanity since the domestication of animals and plants.III.Answer the following questions.15%Technological innovation can foster globalization by supplying infrastructure for trans-world connections. In particular, developments in means of transport, communications, and data processing will allow global links to become denser, faster, more reliable, and much cheaper. Next to technology, regulation also plays an enabling role for globalization. Supraterritorial links would not be possible in the absence of various facilitating rules, procedures, norms, and institutions. A country can reap substantial benefits from globalization. There is remarkable evidence that globalization is helping countries expand and achieve higher incomes or a higher GDP. By taking part in globalization, underdeveloped countries can fund modernization by selling their products on the world market. Another remarkable advantage of globalization is that it may help people live longer as result of better living standards. For example, in 1960 Chinas life expectancy was only 36 years of age and by 1999 reached 70 years.Many are concerned about the disadvantaged in society who are left behind by the economic growth globalization can bring. Increasingly, they are alarmed by the negative effects of growth on the environment. Nearly everywhere, people worry about t