高三英语一轮总复习 专题1.3 Travel journal（句型语法）（含解析）.doc

专题1.3 travel journal【学以致用】三、重点句型剖析1. it was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire mekong river from where it begins to where it ends.首先想到要沿整个湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅行的人是我的姐姐。【句式分析】强调句型的基本结构：it is/was被强调的部分that/who其他部分。(1)该句型中被强调部分通常是句子的主语、宾语、状语等，一般不强调谓语动词。(2)如果被强调部分是表示人的词，用who或whom，也可以用that。强调其他成分都用that。it was mary who/that i met in the street yesterday.(强调宾语)昨天我在街上遇见的是玛丽。it was i that/who met mary in the street yesterday.(强调主语)昨天是我在街上遇见玛丽的。it was in the street that i met mary yesterday.(强调地点状语)昨天我是在街上遇见的玛丽。it was yesterday that i met mary in the street.(强调时间状语)是昨天我在街上遇见玛丽的。【归纳拓展】(1)not.until.所在句子的强调结构为：it is/wasnot until.that句子的其他部分。例如：it was not until the window was shut that i went downstairs.直到窗户关上我才下楼。(2)强调时间和地点不能用when或where，只能用that。语法填空（1） (2015湖南高考改编)it was when we were returning home_ i realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.【答案】that【解析】考查强调句型。句意：是在我们要回家的时候我意识到帮助那些需要帮助的人是一种多么美好的感觉。此处强调时间状语从句when we were returning home。（2）(2016天津卷，13改编)you are waiting at a wrong place. it is at the hotel_ the coach picks up tourists.【答案】that2. although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。【句式分析】这是一个主从复合句，although引导让步状语从句，that引导宾语从句。although conj.虽然，尽管（=though）在语义上相当于in spite of the fact that.宾语从句organize前省略了should后置定语修饰the best way让步状语从句although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. 【归纳拓展】引导让步状语从句的引导词有although, though, as, even if, even though, whether.or., no matter +疑问词, 疑问词-ever等等。切记although, though不可与but连用，但可与yet，still等连用。（1）although引导让步状语从句时，不能引导倒装句式；though引导让步状语从句时，倒装不到装皆可；as引导让步状语从句时，需倒装，从句的表语和状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是名词，不可加冠词。三者使用时句式的差别一定要记清楚。girl as she is, she can go alone in the darkness.尽管她是个女孩，她敢一个人走夜路。（2）when和while也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”。while they are my neighbors, i do not know them well.（3）whether.or. 可以引导让步状语从句，意为“不管是.还是.，不论是否.”youll have to attend the ceremony whether youre free or busy. 不管你忙不忙，都要参加这个典礼。 （4）no matter +疑问词, 疑问词-ever也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“不管.；不论.”whatever you do, do it well.不管你做什么，把它做好。however hot it is, he wont take off his hat.不管多热，他都不摘下帽子。（1） , we can take some measures to minimize the losses.a. as earthquakes are difficult to be predictedb. as earthquakes are difficult to predictc. difficult as earthquakes are to predictedd. difficult as earthquakes are to predict【答案】d（2）_ jokes are likely to contribute to a pleasant atmosphere, youve got to be careful not to hurt others.a. since b. while c. if d. as【答案】b【解析】考查状语从句。尽管笑话很可能有助于营造一种愉快的气氛，但我们必须小心不要伤害了别人。根据句意可知选b。（3）we will have to finish the job, _.a. difficult it is however b. it takes however difficultc. difficult however it is d. however difficult it is【答案】d【解析】考查状语从句。句意：无论多么困难，我们必须完成这个工作。however引导让步状语从句，however是副词，修饰形容词或者副词，接陈述语序。其结构为：however+adj/adv.+主语+谓语。故选d。（4）_living combines tragedy with splendor, life is beautiful and even tragedies reflect something engaging.a. although b. even though c. as d. when【答案】a3. once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦作出决定，任何事情都无法改变。【句式分析】once在该句中引导条件状语从句，“一旦；一就；当的时候”。we didnt know what we could do once the money had gone.一旦钱花光了，我们就不知怎么办了。once作为连接词引导条件状语从句时，后面接现在分词表示与主语是主动关系；接过去分词表示与主语是被动关系。once printed, this dictionary will be very popular!一旦出版，这本词典将会非常受欢迎！在once引导的从句中，要用一般时态代替将来时态。once you start, you will never give up.一旦你开始了，就不要放弃。语法填空(2015北京高考改编)_ the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.【答案】once【解析】考查连词。句意：一旦农田遭到了破坏，那么它需要很多年才能恢复。学%4. our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice.我们的腿又沉又冷，感觉就像大冰块。【句式分析】句中so.that.意为“如此以至于”，that引导结果状语从句。he walked so fast that i couldnt follow him.他走得太快，我都跟不上了。it is so good a film that i like to see it a second time.这部电影如此好，以至于我想再看一遍。【名师点津】详析so.that与such.that（1）so.that中的so后面跟形容词或副词；such.that中的such后面接名词(或名词短语)。（2）当that前的名词有表示数量多少的词many，much，few，little等修饰时，只能用so.that。（3）当that前是单数可数名词且该名词前面有形容词修饰时，可以用soadj.a/ann.或sucha/anadj.n.。（4）在so.that.结构中，若将soadj./adv.置于句首，则其后的主句要用部分倒装。so cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.天气太冷，我们只好待在家里。so much did they eat that they could not move for the next hour.他们吃得太多了，一个小时都动弹不得。单句改错（1）it was so cold weather that we had to stay at home.（2）the case is very heavy that i cant lift it.（3）（2017全国卷）i was so much nervous that i could hardly tell which direction was left.【答案】（1）sosuch （2）veryso （3）去掉much （2）考查固定句型。句意：这个箱子太重了，以至于我抬不起来。固定句型so.that表示“如此以至于”5. along the way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us.一路上，一些身着羊毛大衣的孩子们停下来看我们。【句式分析】（1）dressed in long wool coats是过去分词短语在句中作定语，修饰children。相当于who were dressed in long wool coats。（2）dress sb. vt.给穿衣be dressed in 穿着get dressed穿上/穿好衣服【易混辨析】put on表示穿的动作。wear表示穿的状态，除表示穿衣外，还可指佩戴手表、首饰、徽章、花以及留发型、胡须等，含义最广。have on表示穿的状态，但不能用于进行时。dress作不及物动词时指穿衣的动作；作及物动词时宾语是人，表示“给某人穿衣”。用put on, wear, have on, dress的适当形式填空（1）hurry up and get_. 快点穿好衣服（2）he_ a puzzled look on his face. 他脸上带着困惑的表情。（3）hurry up! _ your coat.快点穿上你的外套。（4）the boy _ nothing_ when the door opened. 门开的时候这个小男孩什么也没穿。（5）when the little child caught sight of the young woman_ in white he started crying immediately.当小女孩看到那个穿白衣服的年轻女子时，他立即哭了起来。【答案】（1）dressed （2）wore （3）put on（4）had on （5）dressed6. we can hardly wait to see them!我们迫不及待地想要见到他们！【句式分析】此句为简单句，句中“can hardly wait to do”意为：迫不及待要做某事，相当于cant wait to do。hearing that the famous star is coming, his fans can hardly wait to see him.听说这位著名的明星要来，他的粉丝们迫不及待地想到见到他。i can hardly wait to know what has happened.我迫不及待地想知道发生了什么。【归纳拓展】cant wait for sth. 迫不及待地做某事cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事cant help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事cant help but do sth.不得不做某事单句语法填空（1）his wife was out. he could not help but_ (cook) for himself.（2）when they knew there was a panda in the park, the children could hardly wait_ (see) it.四、重点语法突破现在进行时表示将来主要用于表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作或事件。这种用法给人一种期待感，常表示最近或较近的将来。一、用于现在进行时表示将来的动词1表示位置转移的动词或词组，如arrive，come，get(to)，leave，return，start，travel，take off，fly，see off等。were starting for shanghai this afternoon.今天下午我们将动身去上海。our flight is taking off and lets hurry up；or we will miss it.我们的航班要起飞了，快点；否则就赶不上了。2表示趋向性的动词或词组，如do，buy，meet，have，play，publish，spend等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。the young man is meeting his girlfriend this afternoon.这个年轻人今天下午要去见他的女朋友。they are spending their next summer holiday in guilin.下个暑假他们要在桂林度过。二、表示将来意义的其他方式1will/shall do表示单纯的将来，是对未来事情发生的“预见性”。可用于说话时才想到或决定的事。where is the telephone book?电话号码薄在哪里？ill go and get it for you.我去给你拿。2be going to do表示现在的打算、意图；也可表示预料在最近将会发生的事。are you going to watch the football game this afternoon?你打算今天下午看足球赛吗？3beto do表示预定、按计划或安排将会发生，也可表示将来必定发生或表示命令等。the meeting is to take place next monday.会议定于下星期一举行。4be about to do意为“刚要；正要”。the concert is about to begin.音乐会即将开始。(1)表示事先未经过考虑的打算、计划，是在说话时才想到或决定的事，即临时起意，这时通常用will。(2)表示即将发生的动作。不与具体时间连用，常与when搭配。构成：be about to do.when.“即将做某事就在这时”。one day，i was about to do some shopping when he telephoned me.一天，我正要去买东西，他打电话找我。三、现在进行时表示将来与表示进行的区别1表示将来时，通常用瞬间性动词。the man is arriving soon.(表示将来的动作)那个人就要到了。2表示进行时，通常用延续性动词。he is reading a novel now.(表示正在进行的动作)他在看小说。四、一般现在时表示将来1客观性较强，多指按时刻表或规定要发生的动作或事件；多为表示“出发，到达”等的动词，如arrive，leave，start，go out，take off等。the flight to shanghai takes off at 3：00 pm.(时刻表)去上海的航班下午3点起飞。2用于条件