高考英语大一轮复习 模块五 Unit 2 The environment课下作业 牛津译林版必修5.doc

unit 2 the environment写作句型锤炼主体段落常用句型锤炼：the比较级.，the比较级.先熟读背诵精彩句型烂熟于心1.the harder you work, the greater progress you will make.你工作越努力，进步就越大。2.at first i thought i understood what my teacher said, but the more he explained, the more confused i became.起初我以为我明白了老师所说的，但是他越解释我就越迷惑。3.the more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越小心，你犯的错就会越少。4.the higher you stand, the farther you will see.你站得越高就看得越远。5.the more you give to others，the more you will get from them.你给予别人的越多，你从别人那里得到的越多。6.the more i read the book borrowed from him，the more i like it.从他那里借来的书我越读越喜欢。后临摹仿写妙语佳句信手拈来1.他越是这样想，就越是不开心。the_more_he_thought_like_this,_the_more_unhappy_he_became.2.一个人书读得越多就会变得越明智。the_more_a_person_reads,_the_wiser_he_will_become.3.你对孩子说得越多，他们听进去的就越少。the_more_you_talk_to_the_children,_the_less_they_will_listen.重点单词识记联想运用会书写一、核心单词1.debate n.& vi.辩论；争论，讨论2.recycle vt.& vi. 回收利用3.quantity n. 数量4.willing adj. 愿意的，乐意的5.decrease vt.& vi.& n. 减少6.measure n. 措施，方法；尺度vt. 测量；估量，判定7.flood n. 洪水；大批，大量vt.&vi. 泛滥；淹没；大量涌入8.range n. 范围；一系列；山脉vi.&vt. (在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列，排序9.duty n. 责任，义务，本分10.flow vi. 流，流动；流畅地进行n. 流动；连贯二、阅读单词1.particular adj. 专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的，挑剔的2.require vt. 要求；需要3.raw adj. 原始的，未经加工或处理的4.greedy adj. 贪婪的，贪心的5.credit n. 赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分6.arrest vt.& n. 逮捕7.clap vi.& vt. 鼓掌，拍手8.conflict vi. 冲突，抵触n. 冲突，矛盾9.decade n. 十年三、拓展单词1.consultant n.顾问consult vt.& vi.查阅；请教；商议2.production n.产量；生产produce vt.& vi.生产，制造product n.产品；产物3.responsibility n.责任，职责responsible adj.应承担责任的4.belief n.看法；信念believe vt.相信5.environmental adj.环境的environment n.环境6.operate vt.& vi.经营；动手术operation n.操作；经营；手术operator n.操作员；话务员7.arrival n.到来，抵达；到达者arrive vi.到达8.impress vt.使印象深刻impression n.印象impressive adj.给人印象深刻的9.illegal adj.非法的legal adj.合法的illegally adv.非法地10.appreciate vt.欣赏，赞赏；感激；领会appreciation n.欣赏11.electrical adj.电的，用电的electric adj.电的；用电的；能发电的electricity n.电；电学；电流electrician n.电工12.consume vt.消耗，耗费；消费consumer n.消费者，用户，顾客consumption n.消费13.absorb vt.吸收；理解；使全神贯注absorbed adj.全神贯注的；一心一意的；被吸收的absorption n.专注；吸收会积累1.前缀“re”动词集锦recycle 回收利用retell 复述recall 回忆起refresh 使恢复活力review 回顾；复习 rebuild 重建2.可怕的“自然灾害”名词一览flood 洪水typhoon 台风tsunami 海啸tornado 龙卷风sandstorm 沙尘暴earthquake 地震eruption (火山)喷发hurricane 飓风3.词根“sult”高频词consult v. 查阅；请教consultant n. 顾问，咨询师insult n. 侮辱(的言行)result n. 结果4.速记“环境”相关词environment n. 环境environmental adj. 环境的pollution n. 污染waste n. 废料，垃圾atmosphere n. 大气层natural adj. 自然的haze n. 雾霾fog n. 雾5.动词变名词的“不规则变化”consumeconsumption 消费receivereception 接待describedescription 描述 explainexplanation 解释pronouncepronunciation 发音repeatrepetition 重复 会应用用所给词的适当形式填空1.before decorating your new house，youd better consult a designer consultant.(consult)2.teachers have a responsibility for the students and are responsible for their growth.(responsible)3.it is considered to be illegal to hunt wild animals illegally.so people should make sure what they do is legal.(legal)4.the injured appreciated it when the soldiers came to their rescue and could hardly wait to express their appreciation.(appreciate)5.because of the snowstorm，the electricity was cut off and all the electrical machines couldnt work.so we had to phone the electrician.(electricity)6.many consumers told us that they would reduce the amount of red meat they consumed.(consume)7.on our arrival，we found all our friends had already arrived.(arrive)8.this year，the companies that produce bicycles have to increase their production，because more and more prefer to cycle to protect the environment.(produce)9.the visitors were impressed with the beauty of the west lake.they said the natural beauty left a deep impression on them.(impress)10.we dont know how to operate the machine，so we asked the operator to stop it when it was in operation.(operate).核心短语识记联想运用会书写1.open_the_floor自由发言2.cut_back_on 减少，削减，缩减3.use_up 用尽4.run_out_(of) 用完，耗尽5.clean_up 打扫(或清除)干净6.queue_up 排队等候7.pick_out 找出，挑选8.under_way 进行中9.in/with_regard_to 关于，至于10.let off 排放11.in particular 尤其，特别12.do ones part 尽自己的职责13.result in 导致14.rely on.for. 依赖提供15.ask around 四处打听16.blame.on. 把归咎于17.put.in danger 把置于危险之地18.in use 在使用中会积累1.“v.up”短语面面观turn up出现，到场clean up 打扫(或清除)干净pick up 捡起，拾起；学到speed up 加速link up 联合，连接use up 用尽2.let 短语集萃let alone 不管；不打扰let down 放下；使失望let out 放出；泄露；出租let off 排放3.“inn./adj.”短语小结in particular 尤其，特别in turn 依次，反过来in common 共同，共用in detail 详细地in general 普遍地，一般地in use 在使用中会应用选用上表左栏短语填空1.if you cut_back_on fat and sugar，youll lose weight very quickly and be healthier.2.we queued_up outside the theatre and had to wait over an hour for our tickets.3.mother carefully picked_out three ripe tomatoes from the basket.4.the more cars there are on the road，the more carbon dioxide they are letting_off.5.the government is supposed to do_its_part to educate people on the importance of protecting the environment.6.you should begin work right now.with/in_regard_to your pay，we will talk about it later.7.we should eat more vegetables and fruit，for they contain all kinds of vitamins，vitamin c in_particular.8.the construction of the new gym is under_way and is expected to be completed in half a year.经典句式分析背诵仿写句型公式1：完全倒装结构：处所或方位的“介词短语”主语(名词)。教材原句 with me are ms lin shuiqing，from the green society，and mr qian liwei，a business development consultant.和我一起的，一位是来自绿色地球协会的林水清女士，另一位是商业发展顾问钱力伟先生。句型仿写 in_front_of_our_house_stands_a_tall_tree with a history of 1，000 years，which is protected by the government now.在我们房子的前面有一棵1 000年树龄的大树，现在已经被政府保护起来了。句型公式2：倍数表达法：倍数what从句教材原句 the worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.世界人口比1800年已经增长了六倍。句型仿写 the new building now is four_times_what_it_was_in_the_past.现在的这座新大楼是过去的四倍大。句型公式3：like itwhen从句教材原句 i liked it when you told that joke.我喜欢你讲的那个笑话。句型仿写 i dont like_it_when she tells me how to do things.我不喜欢她对我做事指手画脚。句型公式4：“the比较级.，the比较级.”，表示“越，越”。教材原句 therefore，the more petrol and electricity we consume，the more carbon we are letting off.因此，我们消耗的汽油和电越多，排放的碳就越多。句型仿写 the_more_careful you are，the_fewer_mistakes youll make.你越细心，犯的错误就会越少。.语段改错回顾修正热诵根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。james long，the tv host，introduces two sides of the debate on the topic “the economy or the environmentmust we choose？” people are allowed to opening the floor for discussion.lin shuiqing，a spokeswoman from the green society thinks that chemical waste is damaging to the world，caused a lot of pollution，killing plants and animals and making people sick.fish are caught before laying eggs，that will result in a smaller number fish left.the worlds population has grown by six times that it was in 1800.she suggests people must reduce production and recycle the waste.people should be educated to live in an environmental friendly way.the other expert is qian liwei，a business development consultant.his views are as follows.a healthy environment and development should possible at the same time.jobs will be lost if production is cut back on.people are much important than fish and trees.he approves of making things from recycled materials instead of raw ones.those factories which pollute the environment should pay higher taxes.答案james long， tv host，introduces two sides of the debate on the topic “the economy or the environmentmust we choose？” people are allowed to the floor for discussion.lin shuiqing，a spokeswoman from the green society thinks that chemical waste is damaging the world， a lot of pollution，killing plants and animals and making people sick.fish are caught before laying eggs， will result in a smaller number fish left.the worlds population has grown by six times it was in 1800.she suggests people 或 reduce production and recycle the waste.people should be educated to live in an friendly way.the other expert is qian liwei，a business development consultant.his views are as follows.a healthy environment and development should possible at the same time.jobs will be lost if production is cut back on.people are 或much important than fish and trees.he approves of making things from recycled materials instead of raw ones.those factories which pollute the environment should pay higher taxes.核 心 词 汇1.operate vt.经营，管理；操作vi.动手术；运转；见效，起作用 (1)operate ongive/perform an operation on给动手术(2)operation n. 运作；经营；手术bring/o operation 使运作/转；实施come/go into operation 实施，开始生效in operation 在运行/转中，起作用(3)operator n. 操作人员；技工the people operating (operate)these factories are deeply concerned about the environment.(教材原句)经营这些工厂的人非常关心环境。the doctor said that the patient had to be operated on_at once，which made us all worried.医生说这个病人必须立刻做手术，这使我们都非常担心。its reported that the new law will be brought/put into operation next month.据报道当地政府将于下个月实施这部新法律。2.quantity n.数量a large/small quantity of大/少量的(large) quantities of 大量的in quantityin large amountsin large quantities 大量地he found that quantities of food were_left (leave) on the table.他发现在桌子上留下了大量的食物。a large quantity of air conditioners has_been_sold (sell) since the summer came.今夏以来，已有大量的空调被销售出去。cutting off the trees randomly in quantity should be forbidden.随意大量地砍伐树木应被禁止。名师指津quantity作主语时，其谓语动词与quantity的单复数保持一致。3.impress vt.使印象深刻；盖印；使铭记，使牢记(1)impress sb with sth某事给某人留下印象impress sth on/upon sb/ones memory 使某人铭记某事be impressed with/at/by. 对有深刻印象(2)impression n. 印象；印记leave/make a(n).impression on sb 给某人留下的印象(3)impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；感人的mount huang impressed almost all the tourists with its beauty.黄山以其优美风景，几乎给所有游客留下了深刻印象。the professor impressed the importance of having a sense of humor on his students.教授让学生们铭记拥有幽默感的重要性。the first time she visited guilin，she was deeply impressed by/with/at the scenery there.她第一次去桂林参观时，那里的景色给她留下了非常深刻的印象。it is especially important to make a good first impression (impress) at a job interview.在工作面试的时候留下一个美好的第一印象特别重要。4.decrease vt.& vi.& n.减少(1)decrease to减少到decrease by 减少了(2)on the decrease 在减少(a) decrease in sth 某物减少compared with last year，the price of wheat has decreased by_15%.与去年相比，小麦的价格降低了15%。the number of students going abroad for further study is on_the_decrease nowadays.当下去国外继续深造的学生的数量在不断减少。there has been a sharp decrease in pollution since the law was introduced.自从立法之后污染已经大大减少。名师指津decrease to 后接数字，表示“下降到”；decrease by 后接分数、百分数或其他表示数量的词，表示“下降了”，有同样用法的词还有grow及increase。5.measure n.措施，方法；尺度vt.测量；估量，判定linking verb(指尺寸、长、宽、高等)量度为be measured by/in用来衡量make.to ones measure 按某人的尺寸做take measures (to do sth) 采取措施(做某事) my mother used to make new clothes to my own measure with spring festival coming.过去，妈妈在春节来临时总是为我量身做新衣服。measures have been taken to_solve (solve)traffic problems in big cities.许多大城市已采取措施解决交通问题。名师指津measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时，若此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词形式。the new bridge，measuring (measure) twice as long as the old one，is due to be completed next month.这座新大桥是原来老桥的两倍长，预计在下个月完工。6.range n.(变动)范围，幅度；一系列；分类；射程；山脉vt.& vi.(在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列，排序 (1)in/within range of在范围内beyond/out of range (of) 超出/不在(的)范围a wide range of 许多(2)range from.to. 从到变化/不等range between.and. 在之间变动most of the sound is beyond_the_range_of human ear.这些声音人类大部分都听不到。a lot of products are sold in the market，ranging (range) from television to computer software.该市场有大量产品出售，包括从电视到计算机软件的各类产品。in addition to these traditional activities，we have a_wider_range_of choices such as travelling.除了这些传统的活动外，我们有更多的选择，比如旅游等。7.appreciate vt.欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会，理解 (1)i will/would appreciate it if. 如果，我将非常感激appreciate (ones/sb) doing sth 感激(某人)做某事(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感谢express/convey/show.appreciation to sb 对某人表达的感谢the efforts of the chinese government and people to protect this muchloved river will_be_appreciated (appreciate) for years to come.中国政府和人民保护这条深受喜爱的河流的努力在未来年月里会被赞赏。to sum up，i would appreciate it if i can have a good result.总之，如果我考得一个好成绩，我将非常感激。i would like to convey my sincere appreciation (appreciate) to you for your kind assistance in my english learning.i would like to sincerely appreciate your assisting (assist) me in my english learning.我想为你在我英语学习上的热情帮助表达我对你衷心的感谢。8.particular adj.专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的，挑剔的(1)be particular about对讲究/挑剔in particular 尤其，特别(2)particularly adv. 尤其，特别she seems to be very particular about what she wears.她似乎对衣着很讲究。we are particularly (particular) grateful to him for his timely help.我们特别感谢他的及时帮助。9.absorb vt.吸收(气体、液体、热、光等)；理解；使全神贯注(1)absorb knowledge/information掌握知识/信息absorb ones attention 吸引某人的注意o. 把吸入(2)absorbed adj. 被吸引住的，入迷的get/be absorbed in. 全神贯注于be absorbed into. 并入，融入，吸纳alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.几分钟的时间酒精就会被吸收到血流中开始对大脑起作用。he was absorbed in watching tv and didnt notice me enter.他正专心致志地看电视并未注意到我进来了。10.responsibility n.责任，职责(1)have the responsibility to do.有责任/有义务做bear/take the responsibility for 承担对的责任，为负责a sense of responsibility 责任感(2)responsible adj. 有责任的，应负责任的be responsible for 应对负责；对有责任you should take/bear the responsibility for what you did.you should be_responsible_for what you did.你应该为所做的事承担责任。parenthood brings a huge sense_of_responsibility.为人父母意味着要有高度的责任感。11.cut back on 减少，削减，缩减cut down on削减，减少，缩减cut off 切断(供应)；中断(电话通话等)cut down 砍倒cut out 删除；裁剪cut up 切碎；伤心it is our duty to try to _cut_back_on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.尽量削减生产，减少制造和购买物品的数量是我们的责任。she was really cut up when all her friends refused to help her.当所有的朋友都拒绝帮助她时，她真的很难过。when you give a speech，youd better cut out unimportant details.当你演讲时，最好删掉那些不重要的细节。deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.人们砍伐树木和铲除草地也会导致沙漠的形成。12.run out (of)用完，耗尽run short of缺乏；快用完run into 撞进；遭遇；达到run across 偶然遇到；穿过run after 追求；追赶；追逐the boys money ran out so he had to ask his parents for help.the boy ran_out_of his money so he had to ask his parents for help.这个男孩用完了钱，因此他不得不向父母求助。i unexpectedly ran across him in the street the other day.前几天我在街上出乎意料地遇见了他。if you run after two hares，youll catch neither.(谚)脚踏两条船，必定落空。易混辨析run out，run out of，give out，use uprun out用完，耗尽，不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等run out of用完，及物动词短语，其主语一般为人give out耗尽，用完，不及物动词短语，其主语通常为物use up用光，用完，及物动词短语，其主语一般为人 选用上述词语填空according to the rule of the competition，we have to use_up all the items before the time runs_out.however，it is a long and tiring process.as a result，that day，long before i ran_out_of the time given by the judge，my strength had given_out.what a disappointment! 13.pick out 找出，挑选；辨认出，区分；领会，弄明白she was_picked_out from dozens of applicants for the job.她从大批的求职者中被选中承担这项工作。the window curtains are_picked_out in blue against the white walls.蓝色的窗帘衬在白墙上十分显眼。pick up 拿起，捡起；收拾，整理；(偶然)学会；用车接；收听到；好转；感染pick off 摘掉；摘下来一词多义写出下列句中pick up的含义we were able to pick up the bbc world service.收听到i will pick you up at the next corner at three this afternoon.用车接when the financial crisis was over，his business gradually picked up.好转the children have picked up the local accent.(偶然)学会重 点 句 型1.i liked_it_when you told that joke.我喜欢你讲的那个笑话。句中like是及物动词，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语为when引导的从句。(1)英语中在表示喜爱、憎恶之类的动词后面常常不直接加宾语从句，而要用形式宾语it，然后再加宾语从句，这样的动词有：appreciate，enjoy，like，dislike，love，hate，prefer等(2)一些动词短语后面也常用it作形式宾语然后加宾语从句，常见的动词短语有：depend on，rely on，see to (确保)等teenagers hate _it when their parents go through their things.青少年讨厌家长翻他们的东西。people dislike it when you throw rubbish everywhere.人们不喜欢你到处扔垃圾。please see to it_that you bring enough money when you travel.当你旅行时，请务必带够钱。2.therefore，the_more petrol and electricity we consume，the_more carbon we are letting off.因此，我们消耗的汽油和电越多，排放的碳就越多。句中运用了“the比较级.，the比较级.”结构。用法如下：(1)意为“越，就越”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化(2)从结构上看，第一个“the比较级”是表示条件的状语从句(在表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时表示将来)；第二个“the比较级”是主句(3)本结构可以用省略形式the_more you know，the_more you will realize how little you know.知道得越多，越会体会到自己知道得多么有限。the more_difficult (difficult) the questions are，the less_likely(likely) he is able to answer them.问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。当 堂 达 标.单词拼写1.today there is a debate (争论) in singapore about which variety of english is the best.2.he stated his belief (信念) that evolution occurred through natural selection.3.nonrenewable energy has been decreasing (减少)，so saving energy is so urgent and important.4.if we recycled (回收利用) more waste，there wouldnt be so much pollution.5.his arrival (到来) brought complete silence to the classroom.6.most people have come to accept the need for conservation (保护) of natural resources.7.many companies have to reduce their production(产量) because of the economy crisis.8.a tree fell yesterday morning，cutting off the traffic flow(流畅进行) for three hours.9.upon arriving at the building on fire，the firefighters rapidly pumped (用泵抽水) water to put out the fire.10.i dont have any cash; can i pay this by credit (信用) card?.单句语法填空1.when the machine is in operation (operate)，keep away from it.2.because of water pollution，some fishes have been on the decrease.3.this hall to be built is four times what it was two years ago.4.she has already tried her best.please dont be too particular about her job.5.on arrival