高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 教材重点全程攻略 Unit 1 Cultural relics限时规范特训 新人教版必修2.doc

.阅读理解aroyale is surrounded by deep blue waters of lake superior, the largest freshwater lake on earth. the only way to get there is by boat or sea plane. the national park service operates shuttle boats that take visitors to isle royale. the boats leave from two michigan ports. a boat trip to isle royale takes three to five hours. waters are often extremely rough.modern copper mining began in the late 1800s, resulting in large areas of the island being burned. this led to settlement development. soon, isle royale became popular for summer homes. it became a national park on april 3, 1940. in 1980, officials named it an international biosphere reserve (生物圈保护区) because of its unique ecosystem.isle royale offers hiking, camping, boating, and even scuba diving. the national park service protects 11 sunken (沉没的) boats for divers to explore. they are reminders of lake superiors commercial shipping history. the sunken wooden ship called the america is one of the most popular dive sites. the america carried passengers, mail, and supplies to many towns along the shores of lake superior. it first launched in 1898, and was used until 1928, when it was damaged. it sank to the bottom of the lake soon after.visitors to isle royale share the trails with a wellstudied population of wolves. scientists believe wolves walked there during a freeze of the lake sometime in the 1940s. researchers closely record their population numbers. much of the research takes place during the winter, when the trees are bare. the researchers fly over the island to observe the animals from above.animal research is the only winter activity going on at isle royale. the national park is closed each year in late october because of the terrible weather conditions and reopens in spring time the next year.but for the other months of the year, isle royale offers green forests, and clear blue waters. its excellent scenery and unusual location keep visitors returning year after year.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了苏必利尔湖的皇家岛屿的发展史和它的地理位置和地方特色。1what is mainly talked about in the first paragraph?athe access to the island. bthe islands location.cthe islands natural environment.dthe islands basic information.答案：a段落大意题。根据第一段前两句可知，第一段主要讨论如何进入岛屿。故选a。2how long is the history of the national park?amore than two centuries. bover seventy years.cless than forty years.dover one hundred years.答案：b细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四句可知，国家公园的历史到现在已超过七十年。故选b。3the researchers fly over the island in winter because _.athere are more animals thenbthey can have a clear look at the animals therecthey dont intend to disturb the animalsdthe island cant be reached with the lake frozen答案：b推理判断题。根据第四段后三句可知，冬天，树上的叶子掉光了，此时，研究人员乘飞机在岛的上方盘旋，可以清晰地观察岛内的动物。故选b。bthe ancient mayan civilization collapsed due to a centurylong drought, a new research suggests.minerals taken from belizes famous underwater cave, known as the blue hole, as well as lagoons (环礁湖) nearby, show that an extreme drought occurred between ad 800 and ad 1000, right when the mayan civilization ended. after the rains returned, the mayans moved northbut they disappeared again a few centuries later, and that disappearance occurred at the same time as another dry period, the sediments (沉积物) reveal. although the findings arent the first to tie a drought to the end of the mayan culture, the new results strengthen the case that dry periods were indeed the cause. thats because the data came from several spots in a region central to the mayan heartland, said study coauthor andre droxler, an earth scientist at rice university.from ad 300 to ad 700, the mayan civilization flourished in the yucatan peninsula. these ancient mesoamericans built great pyramids, mastered astronomy and developed both a writing system and a calendar system, which is famous for predicting that the world would end in 2012.but in the centuries after ad 700, the civilizations building activities slowed and the culture fell into war and unrest.the evidence for a drought has been growing in recent years. a 2012 study in the journal science analyzed a 2,000yearold stalagmite (石笋) from a cave in southern belize and found that sharp decreases in rainfall coincided with periods of decline in the culture. but the data came from just one cave, which meant it was difficult to make predictions for the area as a whole, droxler said.to look for signs of a drought, the team drilled the sediments in the blue hole of lighthouse lagoon. the lagoons are surrounded on all sides by thick walls of coral reefs. during storms or wetter periods, excess water runs off from rivers and streams, overtops the retaining walls, and is deposited in a thin layer at the top of the lagoon. from there, all the sediments from these streams settle to the bottom of the lagoon, piling on top of each other and leaving a record of the historical climate.the team found that during the period between ad 800 and ad 1000, when the mayan civilization collapsed, there were just one or two tropical cyclones (气旋) every two decades, as opposed to the usual five or six. after that, the mayans moved north, building at sites such as chichen itza, in what is now mexico.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明玛雅文明的消失是由当时干旱的气候造成的。4what is the main idea of paragraph 4?athe achievements of the mayan civilization.bthe prediction the mayan civilization made.cthe effects the mayan civilization had on humans.dthe background where the mayan civilization began.答案：a段落大意题。从文章第四段的主旨句即第一句可以得出，本段主要是讲玛雅文明在这一时期的成就，故答案为a项。5what did andre droxler think of the analysis of the 2,000yearold stalagmite?aamazing. bridiculous.creasonable. dunreliable.答案：d推理判断题。根据文章第六段最后一句可知，andre droxler认为这种数据具有片面性，不可靠，故答案为d项。6what happened after an extreme drought between ad 800 and ad 1000?athe mayans were suffering a heavy flood.bthe mayans suddenly disappeared from the earth.cthe mayans were often attacked by tropical cyclones.dthe mayans moved to places that is now called mexico.答案：d细节理解题。根据文章最后一段内容，尤其是最后一句可知，答案为d项。.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。for over one hundred and fifty years, americans of all social classes have worn blue jeans. _1_ whether they are worn for work or for fashion today, strauss invention continues to be popular not only among americans but also among people around the world.levi strauss was born in germany in 1829. _2_ he grew up in kentucky before moving to new york in 1847. before becoming an american citizen and moving to the west in 1853, strauss worked in his brothers dry goods business. this gave him a chance to produce his famous invention. after the gold rush of 1849, strauss decided to move to the west to seek his fortune.strauss did not want to be a person who searched an area for minerals. instead, he knew he could make a good living by selling supplies to the miners. at first, he planned to sell sewing supplies and clothes. _3_ when he heard miners complaining that their clothes were easily broken or they usually tore their pockets during mining, he decided to use a special fabric to make pants for the miners. these pants proved so popular that he quickly ran out of materials to make more.in 1873, strauss received a letter from a jewish tailor named jacob davis who had invented a process of connecting pockets with copper rivets (铆钉). this made the pants last a long time. because davis did not have the money to patent his idea, he offered to share it with strauss if strauss would agree to pay for the patent. _4_by the time strauss died in 1902, he had made a great contribution to american fashion._5_ the business has been growing ever since and levi strauss company is now one of the largest clothing companies in the world.aas a young boy, he moved with his family to the united states.bnobody knew what kind of material was suitable.che did and levi jeans have been made with metal rivets ever since.dhowever, he did not get much business for those products.ehe also made a great contribution to americas clothing industry.fsince they were invented by levi strauss, they have become a symbol of american consumer culture.gas the business grew, strauss got much money from it篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国人李维斯特劳斯发明牛仔裤的简史。1f根据下句中的“strauss invention continues to be popular not only among americans but also among people around the world”可知，自从斯特劳斯发明牛仔裤以来，牛仔裤已成为美国消费文化的象征，不仅在美国人中很受欢迎，而且在世界各地的人群中也很受欢迎，所以选f项。2a空前讲述他出生在德国，空后讲在搬去纽约前他在美国的肯塔基长大，由此可见他曾搬过家，a项“当他还是一个小男孩时，他和他的家人一起搬到了美国”符合语境，所以选a项。3d本段中的“at first”是解题关键。d选项中的“however”与“at first”相对应，用来说明他起初计划出售缝纫用品和服装，然而，他并没有从中得到太多业务，d项符合语境，所以选d项。4c根据上句中的“he offered to share it with strauss if strauss would agree to pay for the patent”及全文内容可知，选c项。斯特劳斯愿意支付专利，因而李维牛仔裤从此使用金属铆钉。5ee选项中的“he also made a great contribution”与上文中的“he had made a great contribution”相对应，故选e项，用来说明levi strauss对美国服装业的贡献。.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 2017全国卷in 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in london. it ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _1_ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and _2_ work. it took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. this included digging up the road, _3_ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over _4_ top. when all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.steam engines _5_ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been _6_ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. however, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using _7_ every day.later, engineers _8_ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the tube. this development was only possible with the _9_ (introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts. the central london railway was one of the most _10_ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. it had whitepainted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国伦敦地铁的发展。1crowds考查名词的复数。crowd是可数名词，且前面没有限定词，故应用复数形式。2from考查介词。travel to and from work “上下班”。3laying考查非谓语动词。included后的dig，lay，build是三个并列的动作，根据digging及building可知，lay也应用动名词形式。4the考查冠词。此处特指“地铁的顶部”，故用定冠词the。5were used考查动词的时态和语态。steam engines与use之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。6fairly考查词性转换。所填词修饰形容词unpleasant，故用fair的副词形式fairly。7it考查代词。use是及物动词，其后接宾语，此处很明显缺少代词。分析句意可知，此处用it指代上文提到的the railway。8managed考查动词的时态。全文讲述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。9introduction考查词性转换。空格前是the，其后接名词。introduce的名词形