高考英语一轮选练习题 Unit 4 Earthquakes（含解析）新人教版必修1(1).doc

必修1unit 4李仕才考点规范练(必修1unit 4)【短文语法填空】there are two factors 1._(determine) an individuals intelligence.the first is the sort of brain he is born 2._.human brains differ 3._(consider)，some being more capable than others.4._ however good a brain he has to begin with，an individual will have a low intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn.so the second factor is what happens to the individualthe sort of environment 5._ he is brought up.if an individual is handicapped(受阻碍) environmentally，it is 6._(like) that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.the importance of environment in determining an individuals intelligence can 7._(show) by the case of the twins，peter and mark.when the twins were three months old,8._ parents died，and they were placed in separate foster homes.peter was brought up by parents of low intelligence with poor 9._(education) opportunities.mark was educated in the home of welltodo parents 10._ had been to college.this environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens，when they were given tests to measure their intelligence.marks iq.was 125，twentyfive points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his twin brother.阅读理解agerman company dhl recently announced it is starting a new drone(无人驾驶飞机) delivery service to get “urgently needed goods,”such as life-saving medicines,to certain remote locations.the companys plan is to use small,parcel-carrying drones to deliver medicines and emergency supplies to juist,an island in germanys north sea,where more traditional delivery options(such as ferries or trains) arent always available.the drone service is a continuation of dhls “parcelcopter research project,”which was launched in december 2013.but the dhl drones have changed significantly since their maiden(初次的) flight,dhl officials said in a statement.for one thing,theyve been improved to undergo the high winds and rain that they may face over the north sea.for another,the parcelcopter 2.0 can reach altitudes of 164 feet and can fly as fast as 40 miles per hour.the drone is also capable of flying for extended periods of timeabout 45 minutes before needing to be rechargedenabling it to make the roughly 7.5-mile journey to juist.the drone can carry loads of up to 2.6 pounds(1.2 kilograms).the drone itself weighs 11 pounds(5kg).thanks to a new autopilot feature,the maiden flights of the new and improved drones will be completely automated,even during takeoff and landing.however,drone pilots will be standing by at a mobile ground station in norddeich,on the coast of mainland germany,just in case something goes wrong.once the drones land at juist,the parcels will be delivered to their recipients(收件人) by a human courier(急件递送者).for now,the company will be using the drones,only when other delivery options arent available,and no plans are currently in the works to incorporate the parcelcopters into normal day-to-day deliveries,according to company officials.1.to meet what requirement will dhl probably use the drones?a.a ton of life necessities need to be sent to a village.b.an important parcel needs to be sent to a man in juist.c.some medicines are urgently needed in the city hospital.d.a family needs to go to juist when ferries arent available.2.what is paragraph 3 mainly about?a.the dhl drones first flight.b.the purpose of the dhl drones.c.the disadvantages of the dhl drones.d.the improvements on the initial dhl drones.3.the new drone .a.will be much lighterb.can deliver much heavier parcelsc.can send parcels directly to recipientsd.will be fully automatic during the whole flight4.what can we infer from the text?a.the drones have been in use since december 2013.b.the drones wont be widely used in the near future.c.the drones will replace human couriers in the future.d.the drones will replace traditional delivery options soon.beveryone knows that death is natural, but do you have any idea of the process of dying? modern scientists divide the process of dying into two stages clinical or temporary death and biological death. clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have stopped functioning, but have not suffered permanent damage. the organism can still be saved. biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breaking up” of vital cells and tissues. death is then unchangeable and final.scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. the best method developed so far involves cooling the organism, combined with narcotic (麻醉) sleep. by slowing down the bodys metabolism (新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.to show how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called keta. the scientist put keta to sleep with a narcotic. then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. when it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began taking blood out from an artery (动脉). the monkeys blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in. for twenty minutes keta remained in this state. her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. at this point the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. after two minutes ketas heart became active once more. after fifteen minutes, spontaneous (自发的) breathing began, and after four hours keta opened her eyes and lifted her head.after six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin (青霉素) injection, keta seized the syringe (注射器)and ran with it around the room.her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.1.for a person who suffers from the clinical death _.a. heisstillverymuchaliveb. hecannotavoidfinaldeathc. hismostimportantorgansaredamaged foreverd. he still has the possibility of getting back to life2.scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer in order to _.a. cooltheorganismb. delaythecomingofbiologicaldeathc. slowdownthebodysmetabolismd. bring vital cells and tissues back to active life3.the text mainly talks about _.a. clinical death and biological deathb.an experiment on a monkeyc. the meaning of deathd. the process before death4.from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph we can know that _.a. keta was impoliteb. keta was healthyc. keta was illd. keta was crazy.七选五阅读a laugh track,sometimes called canned laughter,is a collection of pre-recorded audience laughter and applause sounds added to television programs during post-production.the main purpose of the track is to trigger(激发) a response from home viewers who may not understand all of the intended humour when watching a taped sitcom(situation comedy).1therefore,canned laughter causes natural reactions to comedies.2the producers of the hank mccune show added canned laughter after the shows taping.until that time,other radio and television comedies used a live studio audience or no canned laughter at all.in 1953,a sound engineer named charley douglass invented the laff box,a small electronic device(装置) containing numerous sounds of recorded laughter and applause.it is said that charley douglass selected almost all of his laugh track material from in-studio recordings of several different comedy shows.3during the 1970s,many sitcoms chose to get rid of the practice altogether or mix live audience reactions with the canned laughter.filming a show in front of a live audience became a symbol of honour.4 live audiences did not always provide a usable response,especially after a long day of retakes.today,the same company created by charley douglass offers an improved digital version of the original laff box.5most sitcoms produced today are still recorded in front of a live audience,but a more subtle laugh track can be used to improve weak responses.a.however,there was a problem.b.the belief is that laughter creates laughter.c.the first known use of a recorded laugh track is said to be in 1950.d.the effective use of canned laughter is considered more of an art than a science.e.douglass recorded different styles of laughter and applause without the sound of dialogue.f.if this is true,audience reactions in modern sitcoms may have actually been recorded several years ago.g.in addition to the original laughter and applause,there are tracks for foreign audiences and childrens shows.书面表达(2017安徽“皖南八校”第二次联考)假如你是学生会主席李华,为了让外国人了解中国传统文化,学生会将进行“唐诗吟诵大赛”(tang poetry recitation contest),特邀请学校国际部学生参加,请你根据提示写一则通知。主要内容包括:1.大赛目的和意义;2.主办方:校学生会。时间:12月30日。地点:校报告厅(assembly hall);3.范围:唐诗三百首(three hundred tang poems)。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文流畅。noticedo you want to have a further knowledge of chinese culture?考点规范练(必修1unit 4)【短文语法填空】1.determining2.with3.considerably4.but5where6.likely7.be cational10.who.a【解题导语】本文是说明文。德国dhl公司采用无人机运送急需物品。1.b细节理解题。由第二段开头的“the companys plan is to use small,parcel-carrying drones to deliver medicines and emergency supplies to juist.”可知。2.d段落大意题。由第三段开头的“but the dhl drones have changed significantly since their maiden flight.”及下文的介绍可知,该段主要介绍了该公司针对最初的无人机所做的改进。3.d细节理解题。由第四段中的“.the maiden flights of the new and improved drones will be completely automated,even during takeoff and landing.”可知,新的无人机在整个飞行过程中是全自动的。4.b推理判断题。由最后一段中的“for now,the company will be using the drones,only when.day-to-day deliveries.”可推断,短期内无人机不会被广泛使用。b【文章大意】本文主要叙述了为了延缓生理死亡的到来，科学家尽量延长临床死亡的时间。1.d 【解析】细节理解题。由文章第一段内容“clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have stopped functioning, but have not suffered permanent damage. the organism can still be saved”可知，一个临床死亡的人还有可能活过来，故选d。3.a 【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段提出了人类死亡的两个阶段：临床死亡和生理死亡；第二段提出科学家们想办法延长临床死亡；第三段通过用猴子做实验来验证延长临床死亡的方法，故本文主要论述了临床死亡和生理死亡，选a项。4.b 【解析】推理判断题。结合文章最后一句“her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.”（她的行为无异于健康动物的行为），可推知划线部分句子说明keta是健康的，故选b项。.【解题导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了罐头笑声。1.b根据本空下一句内容可知,罐头笑声能引发人们对喜剧的自然反应笑,这是因为人们“相信,笑声能产生笑声”。2.c根据本段中的“until that time.no canned l