Ode to a Nightingale详细赏析.ppt

OdetoaNightingale JohnKeats Questions Doesthispoemexpressonlythespeaker srapturewhenhelistenstothewonderfulsongsofthenighingale WhatisKeats sviewofrealityandfantasyasisrevealedinthepoem Whatishisaestheticaimofthepoetry Background OfKeats ssixmajorodesof1819 OdetoPsyche wasprobablywrittenfirstand ToAutumn writtenlast Sometimebetweenthesetwo hewrote OdetoaNightingale TheexactdateofitisunknownasKeatsdatedas May1819 ItisbasedonweatherconditionsandsimilaritiesbetweenimagesinthepoemandthoseinalettersenttoFannyBrawneonMayDay Background KeatsfinishedtheOdeinjustonemorning inBrawne sdescriptionreads Inthespringof1819anightingalehadbuilthernestnearmyhouse Keatsfeltatranquilandcontinualjoyinhersong andonemorninghetookhischairfromthebreakfast tabletothegrass plotunderaplum tree wherehesatfortwoorthreehours Whenhecameintothehouse Iperceivedhehadsomescrapsofpaperinhishand andthesehewasquietlythrustingbehindthebooks Oninquiry Ifoundthosescraps fourorfiveinnumber containedhispoeticfeelingsonthesongofthenightingale DominantthoughtsinKeats Odes 1 natureisbeautiful2 therealmsofartandpoetryarewonderful3 thehumansocietycontainsinescapablemisery DominantthoughtsinKeats Odes Theartisticaiminhispoetrywasalwaystocreateabeautifulworldofimaginationasopposedtothesordidrealityofhisday Hesoughttoexpressbeautyinallofhispoems Hispoetryisdistinguishedbysensuousnessandtheperfectionofform Keatshasalwaysbeenknownasasensuouspoet Hisabilitytoappealtothesensesthroughlanguageisvirtuallyunrivaled StanzaI Myheartaches andadrowsynumbnesspainsMysense asthoughofhemlock1Ihaddrunk Oremptiedsomedullopiate2tothedrains3Oneminutepast4 andLethe5 wardshadsunk Tisnotthroughenvyofthyhappylot Butbeingtoohappyinthinehappiness Thatthou lightwingedDryad6ofthetrees Insomemelodiousplot7Ofbeechen8green andshadowsnumberless9 Singestofsummerinfull throatedease10 1 poison2 opium3 quaff bottomup4 ago5 ariverinHadeswhosewaterscausedrinkerstoforgettheirpast6 woodnymph referstonightingale7 wherenightingalesings8 beech 山毛榉树9 numberlessshadows 10 singfreely Intertwineofthetwoimages Thepoetfallsintoareveriewhilelisteningtoanactualnightingalesing Hefeelsjoyandpain anambivalentresponse Pleasurecanbesointensethatparadoxicallyiteithernumbshimorcausespain raptureofthenightingale forlornofthereality StanzaII O foradraughtofvintage11 thathathbeenCool dalongageinthedeep delved12earth TastingofFlora13andthecountrygreen Dance andProvencalsong14 andsunburntmirth15 OforabeakerfullofthewarmSouth16Fullofthetrue theblushfulHippocrene17 Withbeadedbubbles18winkingatthebrim Andpurple stainedmouth ThatImightdrink andleavetheworldunseen Andwiththeefade19awayintotheforestdim20 11 wishforwine12 digdeep13 flowergoddess fragrance14 lovesong15 collocativeclash themirthofthesunburntpeople16 metonymy thewineinSouth17 afountainonMountHeliconsacredtotheMusesandbelievedtobeasourceofpoeticinspiration referstowine18 aliteration bead likebubbles19 todisappeargradually20 rhyme dimforest Wantingtoescapefromthepainofajoy painreality thepoetbeginstomoveintoaworldofimaginationorfantasy Helongsforwine Thedescriptionofdrinkingandoftheworldassociatedwithwineisidealized withtheimagesassociatingthewinewithsummer countrypleasureandromanticprovence StanzaIII Fadefaraway dissolve21 andquiteforgetWhatthouamongsttheleaveshastneverknown Theweariness thefever andthefretHere wheremensitandheareachothergroan22 Wherepalsyshakesafew sad lastgreyhairs Whereyouthgrowspale andspectre thin23 anddies WherenuttothinkistobefullofsorrowAndleaden eyed24despairs WhereBeautycannotkeepherlustrous25eyes OrnewLovepineatthembeyondto morrow26 21 disappear22 moanduetopain23 skinnyasaghost24 notlively dulleyes25 radiant26 hyperbole themrefersto herlustrouseyes thenewlovecannotbeforever Thepoetusestheword fade inthelastlineofstanzaIIandinthefirstlineofthisstanzatotiethestanzastogetherandtomoveeasilyintohisnextthought Hisawarenessoftherealworldpullshimbackfromtheimaginedworldofdrink joy StanzaIV Away away forIwillflytothee Notcharioted27byBacchus28andhispards29 Butontheviewless30wingsofPoesy31 Thoughthedullbrainperplexes32andretards Alreadywiththee tender33isthenight AndhaplytheQueen Moonisonherthrone ClusteredaroundbyallherstarryFays34 Butherethereisnolight SavewhatfromheaveniswiththebreezesblownThroughverdurous35gloomsandwindingmossyways 27 statecarriage28 theGreekgodofwine29 middleEnglishforleopards referstotheleopardcatthatdragsthewinegod 30 notperceivable thesoarofpoetryisbeyondcommonpeople31 poeticfancy32 toconfuse33 showingaffectionandlove34 fairies35 healthandvigor Thepoetsuddenlycriesout Away away forIwillflytothee Heturnstofantasyagain herejectswineinline2 andinline3heannouncesheisgoingtouse theviewlesswingsofPoesy tojoinafantasybird Hecontraststhismodeofexperience poetry tothe dullbrain that perplexesandretards line4 Inline5 hesucceedsorseemstosucceedinjoiningthebird Theimaginedworlddescribedintherestofthestanzaisdark StanzaV Icannotseewhatflowersareatmyfeet Norwhatsoftincense36hangsupontheboughs But inembalmed37darkness guesseachsweetWherewiththeseasonablemonth38endowsThegrass thethicket39 andthefruit treewild Whitehawthorn andthepastoraleglantine40 Fastfadingvioletscoveredupinleaves Andmid May seldestchild41 Thecomingmusk rose fullofdewywine Themurmuroushauntoffliesonsummereves42 36 fragnantflowers37 fillwithsweetodors38 themonthoftheseason referstoMay39 agroupofbushes40 anOldWorldrose41 firstbloom musk rose42 therepeatsoundof mm buildupthemoodforsummer Inthefifthstanzaisonewhereflowersbloomanddieandseasonscomeandgo Thereheisconsciousofhismortalityandisdrawnbythefantasyofdyingtothenightingale smusic Becausethepoetcannotseeinthedarkness hemustrelyonhisothersenses Eveninthisrefuge deathispresent stanzaVI Darkling43Ilisten andformanyatimeIhavebeenhalfinlovewitheasefulDeath Calledhimsoftnamesinmanyamusedrhyme44 Totakeintotheairmyquietbreath45 Nowmorethaneverseemsitrichtodie Toceaseuponthemidnightwithnopain WhilethouartpouringforththysoulabroadInsuchanecstasy Stillwouldstthousing andIhaveearsinvain Tothyhighrequiem46becomeasod47 46 Inthedark 44 meditatedrhyme45 life46 aChristianreligiousceremonyforadeadperson52 one snativeland InStanzaVI thepoetbeginstodistancehimselffromthenightingale whichhejoinedinimaginationinstanzasIVandV Keatsyearnstodie astatewhichheimaginesasonlyjoyful aspain free andtomergewiththebird ssong Keatsimaginesadeathwhichisanecstaticconclusion butthenacknowledgesthatifheweredeadthesongwouldgounheard stanzaVII Thouwastnotbornfordeath immortalBird53 Nohungrygenerations54treadtheedown ThevoiceIhearthispassingnighteasheardInancientdaysbyemperorandclown55 Perhapstheself samesongthatfoundapathThroughthesadheartofRuth56 when sickforhome Shestoodintearsamidthealiencorn Thesamethatoft timeshathCharm dmagiccasement57 openingonthefoamOfperilous58seas infaerylandsforlorn59 53 nightingale54 devouringTime56 everyone56 AnIsraelyoungfromtheBiblewhopickswheatforaliving thepoetpicturesherstandingbythefieldmissingherhometown 57 casementreferstotheprincesswaitingforherprincetoresureher58 fullofdanger59 remoteandfaraway sadandlonely Whythebirdisimmortal Thepoetcontraststhebird simmortality andcontinuingjoyfulsong withtheconditionofhumanbeings hungrygenerations Thebirdrepresentsthespecies whichbycontinuinggenerationaftergenerationdoesachieveakindofimmortalityasaspecies ThreeImagesKeatsmakesthreereferencestothebird ssinginginthepast thefirstreferencetoemperorandclownisgeneralandpresumablyinahistoricalpast theothertwoarespecific onefromtheOldTestament theotherfromfairytales Thepastbecomesmoreremote endingwithanon humanpastandplace faerylands inwhichnohumanbeingispresent TheeffectofthethreeimagesKeatsnotonlyexpresseshisrapturesuponhearingthebeautifulsongsofthenightingaleandhisdesiretogototheetherealworldofbeautytogetherwiththebird butalsoheshowshisdeepsympathyforandhiskeenunderstandingofhumanmiseries Keatsmovesfromhisawarenessofhisownmortalityintheprecedingstanzatotheperceptionofthebird simmortality Onaliterallevel hisperceptioniswrong thisbirdwilldie Thenightingalenotbornfordeathinthesensethat unlikeushumanbeings itdoesn tknowit sgoingtodie Animplicationofthisreadingisthatthebirdisintegratedintonatureorispartofnaturalprocesseswhereasweareseparatedfromnature Theresultingabilitytoobservenaturegivesustheabilitytoappreciatethebeautyofnature howevertransitoryit andwe maybe stanzaVIII Forlorn60 theverywordislikeabellTotoll61mebackfromtheetomysoleself Adieu thefancycannotcheatsowellAssheisfamedtodo deceivingelf Adieu adieu thyplaintiveanthem62fadesPastthenearmeadows overthestillstream Upthehill side andnow tisburieddeepInthenextvalley glades Wasisavision orawakingdream Fledisthatmusic DoIwakeorsleep63 60 samewiththeendoflaststanza meansthepoetwokeupwithastart feelingremoteandsad61 religousimage indicatetheanthem62 comingbacktoreality eventhesongsofnightingalemakesthepoetfeelssufferingandsadness63 Whileonthewingsofimagination it shardforKeatstotellwhetherit sadreamofnot Likewiseinhis OdetoPsyche healsoasks SurelyIdreamtto day ordidIseeThewingedPsychewithawakene deyes AmbivalenceandConflict OdetoaNightingale describesaseriesofconflictsbetweenrealityandtheRomanticidealofunitingwithnature Keats snarratorlistenstoabirdsong butlisteningtothesongwithin OdetoaNightingale isalmostpainfulandsimilartodeath Thenarratorseekstobewiththenightingaleandabandonshissenseofvisioninordertoembracethesoundinanattempttoshareinthedarknesswiththebird Asthepoemends thetrancecausedbythenightingaleisbrokenandthenarratorisleftwonderingifitwasarealvisionorjustadream ThebirdhasceasedtobeasymbolandisagaintheactualbirdthepoetheardinstanzaI Thepoet likethenightingale hasreturnedto