The Rite of Spring解析.ppt

ArthurMiller TheRiteofSpring contents I BackgroundInformationII ThestructureofthetextIII LanguagepointsofthetextIV WritingdevicesofthetextV Thethemeofthetext I BackgroundInformation 1 Abouttheauthor2 Meaningofthetitle3 Author sattitude4 Whygardening I BackgroundInformation ArthurMiller 1915 2005 PlaywrightsandessayistworksDeathofaSalesman 推销员之死 TheCrucible 激情年代 严酷的考验 AViewfromtheBridge 桥上一瞥 InJuneof1956 MillerdivorcedMarySlattery and onJune29 marriedMarilynMonroe MillerandMonroefirstmetoneanotherin1951 whentheyhadabriefaffair andremainedincontactsincethen Buttheydivorcedin1960 AndMillermarriedagainin1962 Atthesameyear Monroetookherownlife MeaningTheRiteofSpring CelebratingthecomingofspringBalletmusicIgorStravinsky 1882 1971 FamousRussianmusician Author sAttitude acquiresuniquepleasurefromgardeningenjoystheunusualchallengeofconflict thesatisfactionofbeingabletoimproveanddoitjustrightthistimeparentalinstinctatworkingardeningandthejoyofseeingthehealthygrowthofplantsandthesuccessintheirprotectionThemoralsignificance howgardeningkeepsremindingpeopleofthedelicateandeasilyruinedearthandhowthehealthygrowth theorderlinessandthrustinglifeinthegardenreflectsimilarmomentsinthegardener sownspirit Structure PartI 1 PartII PartIII 12 ReasonsforkeepingagardenGardeningasawayofcelebratingthecomingofspring Gardeningenablespeopletostayhopefulforthefuture 2 3 10 11 Thestructure I Introductionofthereasonswhythewriterstartedagarden Itisnotforloveofvegetablebutasawayofembracingspring 1 2 II Theauthorlistsvariousreasonsforgardening 3 10 III Theauthorstatesthethesisthatgardeningkeepspeoplehopefulforthefuture especiallyinthecoldestdaysofDecember 11 12 Thestructure Itisnotforloveofvegetable 1 fourreasonsfornotlovinggardening expensiveandharddifficulttodistinguishhumaninstinctofback breakingmake believedislikeeatingvegetablesbutasawayofembracingspring 2 attractionsfromscent sunbeam birds variousreasonsforgardening 3 10 Ingardening onehastomakechoicesandlearnbytrialanderror 3 4 Gardeningremindsusofthedelicacyandbountifulnessofourplanet 5 Atruegardenershouldhaveasenseofresponsibility 6 8 Gardeningrequirescareandlove 6 Gardeningrequirespatienceandpersistence 7 Gardeninginvolveslearningformone sownmistakes 8 Gardeninghelpscharacterbuilding 9 10 Thegrowthofplantsissimilartothespiritualgrowthofman 9 Gardeningentailsstrivingasinotherhumanactivities 10 Elliptical Whygotheretoday Whysleeponthefloor Whytellmenow LanguagePoints Para 1 1 1Whydidn ttheauthorlikegardening Noteasy norcheap hardtodistinguish unacceptableinstinct dislikeeating1 2Sincetheauthordidn tlikegardening whydidhekeepagarden InstinctNotforlove butforembracingthecomingofspring Para 1 Whenyouthinkhoweasyandcheap relatively itistobuyabunchofcarrotsorbeets whyraisethem Itisrelativelyeasyandcheaptobuyabunchofcarrotsandbeets 想想现在买一堆萝卜或甜菜头 相对来说既简单又便宜 为什么还要自己种呢 relatively fairlyabunchof 一堆 Para 1 Androotcropsespeciallyarehardtotellapart whenstore bought fromourown Androotcrops whenstore boughtareespeciallyhardtotellapartfromourown Rootcropsboughtfromstoresarehardtobedistinguishedfromthoseraisedbyourselves 尤其是那些根块植物 自己种的和店里买的 根本就很难分辨 tellapartfrom distinguish fromCanyoudistinguishrightfromwrong store bought boughtinthestoreThoughcardscanbestore bought buthand madeonesmeanmore Para 1 Thereisahumaninstinctatworkhere akindofback breakingmake believethathasnoreality atwork comeintoeffect play起作用Withcold warmentalitystillatwork bothsidesmaymisjudgethepresentsituation 冷战的思维仍旧在起作用 双方都错误的判断了当前的局势 back breaking physicallyhardandtiring ofphysicalwork veryhardandtiring艰苦繁重的make believe aplayfulpretence伪装theactivityorgameofpretendingthatsthisrealorthatasituationisbetterthanitreallyis Para 1 Thereisahumaninstinctatworkhere akindofback breakingmake believethathasnoreality Itisperhapspartlyhumannaturewhywelikegardening It shumaninstincttobeactiveandpretendthatwhatyouhavedoneisbetterthanitreallyis 这肯定有人的本性在起作用 人就喜欢脱离现实 毫无意义的瞎折腾 Para2 2 1Howdidtheauthortransitfromthe1stparagraph TransitionfromhotdogplantingIncomprehensibletokeepagarden para 1 Afirmresolutionfornotgardening para 2 Unavoidableresponsetothecallofspring para 2 2 2Whatattractedtheauthortogarden Scent sunlight birdsscreaming Para2 2 3RhetoricdevicesLookatthemiserableland transferredepithet Ascent likeearth as air simile Andthesunmeansbusiness metaphor ThebirdsarethinkingwhatIamthinking personification Thewormsaredeliciouslywormingtheirway transferredepithet Para2 Ifyoucouldraisehotdogsoutsideyourwindow you dreallyhavesth youcouldjustifywithoutasecond shesitation toshowthatsb sthisrightorreasonable togiveagoodreasonfor为 辩护Ifyoujustifyyourself yougiveagoodreasonforwhatyouhavedone 如果可以在窗外中热狗的话 那倒真有了一种可以毫不犹豫为自己辩护的理由了 Para2 Asitis though IcannotdenythatwhenAprilcomesIfindmyselfgoingouttoleanonthefenceandlookatthatmiserableplotofland resolvingwithallmyrationalpowersnotplantitagain asitis though although asitturnsout inrealityIhadhopedtocompletemyessaytoday asitis though I mafraidIwon tbeabletofinishedituntiltheendoftheweek Butinfact ImustadmitthatineveryApril Icouldn thelpwalkingtomygardenanddecidednottoraiseanyvegetables 但是事实上 我无法否认 每当4月来临时 我就会发现自己走出家门倚者园子外的篱笆 望着那块倒霉的菜地 十分理智地下定决心不再种地 Butinevitablyamorningarriveswhen justasIamawakening ascentwaftthroughthewindow somethinglikeearth as air ascentthatseemstocomeupfromtheverycenterofthisplanet waftthrough ofsmellornoise tofloatthroughtheairinagentleway Thesmellofapplewaftedthroughtheair 然而 总会有那么一天 当清晨醒来 一股清香从窗外飘来 这股泥土的清香味仿佛来自这个星球最深处 Para2 scent Syns aromafragranceperfumeflavorsmellodorAnto stench stink1 n apleasantsmell2 n thesmellofananimalorpersonhas3 n perfumeShedabbedherselfwithscent 她在身上擦了一点香水 3Flowersarechosenfortheirscentaswellastheirlook 选花不仅要观其形还要闻其香 1Apolicedogpickedupthemurderer sscent 一只警犬嗅出了凶手的气味 2 Andthesunmeansbusiness suddenly andhasadifferent deeperyellowinitsbeamsonthecarpet meansbusinesstobeveryseriousaboutsthyouhavetodo Thistime wemeanbusinesswhenwesaythatwewillimproveourbankingsystem Beam light ray n light alineoflightthatshinesfromabrightobjectWecouldjustpickoutthepathintheweakbeamoftheflashlight v tosendoutabeamoflight oranelectricalorradiosignal etc Theconcertwasbeamedbysatelliteallovertheworld 播送这是太阳也似乎突然认真起来 它射到地毯上的阳光似乎比往常更加深黄 Para2 Thebirdsbeginscreaminghysterically thinkingwhatIamthinking thewormsaredeliciouslywormingtheirwaythroughthemeltingsoil hysterically cryingorlaughing inauncontrolledway歇斯底里wormone sway tomovelikeaworm曲折前行蠕动Thewormswereslowlycomingoutofthemeltingsoilandtheyweredeliciouslyfoodforthebirdsofcourse Andhewasalsohappylikethebirdsbecauseitmeanttheendofthewinterandhecouldbegintogarden 鸟儿们开始疯狂地鸣叫 它们跟我想的一样 想着那些美味可口的虫子正从那融化的土中慢慢爬出来 松软的泥土里蠕动着的虫儿们看起来多美味啊 Para2 wormone sway tomovelikeaworm蠕动Foodpricesrocketedtoanewheightandmanypeoplecomplained Asmallpathsnakedthroughthetreesandupthehill Suppressionisnotacleverwaytodealwithpeople scomplaints Italwaysboomerangs 自食其果 Thetrainthunderedpastatthatmoment Theboytriedtothreadthroughthebigcrowd Theshoeflewtowardshim Luckilyheduckedhisheadintime Shenoticedthatacarhadbeentailingher Para2 Para3 4 Whatistheconflictingardening Conflicttomakechoices Para3 Itisnotonlypleasuresendingmebacktostareatthatplotofsoil itisreallyconflict Itisnotonlypleasurethatsendsmebacktostareatthatplotofsoil butalso itisreallyconflict Conflict mentalstruggle Para3 Thelastfewyearsweput36 inch wideblackplasticbetweentherows andworkedperfectly keepingthesoilmoistindrytimesandweed free row anumberofobjectsarrangedinaline 排 行moist slightlywet 潮湿的 多雨的weed free adj freeofweed 36英尺宽20岁的两米深的500页厚的7000米高的800里长的100层高的3米高的 树 36 inch wide20 year old2 meter deep500 page thick7000 meter high800 mile long100 story higha3 meter talltree Para3 row Hesatonthesecondrow 排 列Wecan trowthelittleboatacrosstheswiftriver 划船Hesaidthathehadaterriblerowwithhiswifeyesterday 吵架 weed free Heboughtsomegiftsforhisdaughterattheairportduty freeshops 免税的Ourfoodusedtobepollution free 无污染的Theyclaimtheircitytobehousefly free 无蝇 hay weed reed 芦苇 hay longgrass cutanddriedforfeedinganimals weed aplantyoudon twantreed atall thinplantthatgrowsnearwater oftenusedformakingthings hay reed weed thesamegoesfor thesameappliesto istrueforsb sthe g Ifyouwantotherstotakeyouasafriend youmustshowthemyourrespectandunderstanding Thisgoesforinternationalrelationsaswell beyond excepte g 除了你告诉我的 我对此一无所知 Idon tknowanythingaboutthisbeyondwhatyoutoldme 他除了退休金外没有其他收入 Hehadnootherincomebeyondhisretiredpension lookitupindictionary Butblackplasticlookssoindustrial sounromantic thatIhavegraduallymovedovertohaymulch Changedto shiftedto industrial unnaturalunromantic uglyhayn 干草mulch covering usefulandorganicmaterials thatisputaroundaplanttoprotectitsbaseanditsroots toimprovethequalityofthesoilortostopweedsgrowingButblackplasticlookssounnaturalanduglythatIhavegraduallychangedtousecoverbyhaymulch Butblackplasticlookssounnatural becauseitismadeinfactories anduglythatIhavegraduallyshiftedtohaymulch Para4 Para5 Whatdoesgardeningremindusof Thedelicacy generosityandbeautifulnessofourplanet Keepingagardenmakesyouawareofhowdelicate bountiful andeasilyruinedthesurfaceofthislittleplanetis fruitful generous Ifyoukeepagarden itwillhelpyourealizehowgenerousthelandoftheearthistousandhoweasilydamageditis Para5 家里有菜园会让人意识到这个小小星球的表面是多么的娇嫩 丰饶而易毁 delicate1 easilydamagedorbroken2 smallandhavingabeautifulshapeorapprearance3 showingorneedingskifulcareful4 ofcolorsflavoursandsmells lightandpleasant notstrong chinateacups易碎的瓷茶杯her hands她的纤细的手a problem一个微妙的问题a flavour清新的芳香 Para5 Para5 bountifuladj 丰富的 慷慨的1 Inlargequantities large2 givinggenerouslyabountifulsuppyoffoodbeliefinbountifulgod对宽宏的神的信仰ruinv 1 todamagesthsobadlythatitlosesitallitsvalue pleasure etc 2 tomakesb sthlosealltheirmoney theirpositionThebadweatherminedourtrip Thecountrywasruinedbythewar ruinationn Para5 Loadedadj 1 carryingaloud fullandheavy2 fullofaparticularthing qualityormeaning3 containingbullets filmetc 4 verydrunk5 verymuchAfullyloadedtruckCakeloadedwithcalories 卡路里 Aloadedshotgun 列枪 Letherpay sheisloadedSparingadj 节约的 贫乏的 保守的Carefultouseorgiveonlyalittlleofsth e g HewasalwayssparingwithhispraiseSparinglyadv Inthat50 by 70 footpatchtheremustbeadozendifferenttypesofsoil Tomatowon tgrowinonepartbutlovesanother andthesamegoesfortheothercrops 50 foot wideand70 foot long e g Thesamegoesfor crashdiet thatsomecompaniessaywillmakeusloseweightfast Studentswillnotworkhardunlesstheyhaveasenseofachievement Thisgoesfortheteacher too 如果你想别人拿你当朋友 你首先得尊重和理解别人 这也适用于国家与国家之间的关系 Thesameappliesto istrueforsb sth这同样适用于 Para5 Isupposeifyouloadedthesoilwithchemicalfertilizerthesedifferenceswouldbelessnoticeable Iuseitsparinglyandonlyinrowsrightwhereseedsareplantedratherthanbroadcastoverthewholearea spreadover Isupposeifyouusealargequantityofchemicalfertilizer thesedifferenceswouldbecoveredup butIuseitverycarefullyandonlyinwheretheseedsareinsteadofspreadingitoverthewholepatch Para5 Para5 I mnotsurewhyIdothisbeyondthesavinginfertillizerandmyunwillingnesstoaidtheweeds beyond exceptIdon tknowanythingaboutthisbyondwhatyoutoldme Hehadnootherincomebeyondhisretiredpension Para 6 Also yourpaternalormaternalinstinctscomeintoplay Alsoyournaturaltendencytoactasakindandcaringfatherormotherbeginstohaveaneffect Insomecases aswithbeansandcucumbers yourchildren asitwere begintoturnuponyouinmassivenumbers growingmoreandmoreeachmorningandthreateningtofollowyouintothehousetostrangleyouintheirvines Asyoumightsay Itisusedformakingadescriptionsoundlessdefiniteorlessexact e g Foryearstheblindmanonlyhadthisdogtokeephimcompany Itwas asitwere hislittlebrother 她觉得就像是做了一个噩梦 刚刚醒来 Para 6 Strangle choketodeath Theauthorhereisdescribinghowthebeanandcucumberscangrowinmassivenumbersandcometohimsuddenlyasiftostranglehimintheirvines Thesenumerousbeansandcucumbersarelikenaughtyandplayfulchildren strugglingtoembracehimatthesametime makinghimalmosthardtobreathe Shelooksaboutskeptically Herfavoritetaskisbindingthetomatoplantstostakes Looksaround Shelooksarounddoubtfullytoseeifsomethinggoeswrong Andshelikesmosttobindthetomatoestowoodenstakessothattheywouldnotbenddownwardduetotheweightofthefruits Stake heremeansawoodenormetalpost Themajoritystakeisstillinthehandsofthegovernment Wecannotletitpassbecausethefutureofourcompanyisatstake Youcan taffordtolosebecausethestakesaretoohigh Para7 Para7 Shelooksaboutskeptically skeptical Br E doubtful disbelieving uncertain unconvinced incredulous inclinedtoquestionfungi pl fungus sing data pl datum sing phenomena pl phenomenon sing Para 9 Therearefewsightsquiteasbeautifulasavegetablegardenglisteninginthesun alldewyandglitteringwithadozenshadesofgreenatseveninthemorning Atseveninthemorning fewsightshavesuchabeautifulsceneryasthevegetablegardenwhichshinesbrightlyinthesun sparkledwithdewdropsandslightdifferencesindegreeofgreen Para 9 Dewy moistwithorasifwithdew dewygrassinearlymorning shadesofgreen slightdifferencesindegreeofgreen Verbswithmeaningofsendingforthlight glitter glisten gleam glance glint glimmershimmer shinesparkleflash twinkle glitter asimilarsuccessionofevengreaterintensityIfsomethingglitters lightcomesfromorisreflectedoffdifferentpartsofit glitteringmirrors闪亮的镜子ThechildwasattractedbytheglitteroftheChristmastreedecorations 这孩子被圣诞树上闪耀的装饰物吸引住了Beneathitssurfaceglitter thefashionindustryisatoughplacetoworkin 时装业表面上光彩迷人 但其实是个辛苦的行业 eyesthatglitteredattheprospectofrevenge 闪动着复仇光芒的双眼Allisnotgoldthatglitters 闪闪发光者 未必尽黄金 glisten shinewithasparklingluster发亮并伴随有闪闪的光泽Ifsomethingglistens itshines usuallybecauseitiswetoroily Thesnowglistenedinthedawnlight 雪在黎明的曙光中闪耀 Thecalmseaglistenedinthesunlight 平静的海面在阳光下波光粼粼 Darcy sfacewaswhiteandglisteningwithsweat 达西脸色苍白 汗珠晶莹Hereyesbegantoglisten andherlidstotwinkle 她的眼睛开始发亮 眼皮直眨 gleam glance glint glimmer Gleamimpliestransientorconstantlightthatoftenappearsagainstadarkbackground Thelightgleamsaninstant thenit snightoncemore 光亮闪了一会儿 然后马上又变成了黑夜 Glance lightreflectedobliquely间接反射的光Moonlightglancedoffthewindowsofthedarkenedbuilding 月光照在黑暗的建筑物的窗户上 Glint brieflygleamingorflashinglight短暂的发光或闪亮Raysofsunglintedamongtheautumnleaves 太阳光穿过秋叶照射下来 Glimmer faint fleetinglight微弱的 迅速消失的光OntheFrenchcoast thelight Gleams andisgone thecliffsofEnglandstand Glimmeringandvast outinthetranquilbay 在法国海滩上 光微弱地闪动着 然后消失了 英国的山崖耸立在宁静的海湾边 微微闪光 巨大无比 gleam glisten shine TreeLightGlint GlimmerofHope Shine toemitlight Shineyourflashlightoverhere shineone sshoesHereyesshonewithexcitement 她兴奋得两眼闪光 Happinessshonefromherface 她面露喜色 Shimmer shinewithasoft tremulouslight以柔和的 颤动的光照射Everythingabouthershimmeredandglimmeredsoftly asifherdresshadbeenwovenoutofcandle beams 她四周的所有物体都发出柔和的光 仿佛她的衣服是由烛光织成的Sparkle arapidsuccessionoflittleflashesofhighbrilliance一系列迅速闪动的高亮度小闪光crystalthatsparkledinthecandlelight在烛光下闪烁的水晶frostsparklingonthepavement shine shimmer sparkle shine Youreyemovementsmakethisdesignseemtoshimmer Youcangetastrongershimmereffectbymovingyourheadasyoustareatthedesign Shinyobject Sparkle flashreferstoasuddenandbrilliantbutshort livedoutburstoflight Aboltoflightningflashedacrossthehorizon 一道闪电划过地平线 twinkle shinewithquick intermittentflashesorgleams迅速地 间歇地发光或闪亮afewstars twinklingfaintlyinthedeepblueofthenightsky 几颗星星在深蓝色的夜空中微微闪烁着 flash twinkle TwinklingofStars Para 9 Insomepocketofthemindtheremayevenbeatendencytochangethisvisionintoapersonalreassurance thatallthishealthygrowth thisorderlinessandthrustinglifemustsomehowreflectsimilarmovementsinone sownspirit pocket asmallareadifferentfromtheareaaroundit thrustinglife lifethatismovingforwardquicklyandpowerfully personalreassurance sththatmakesapersonfeellessworried Asitis Aprilisforgettingirritatedalloveragainatthispointless time consuminghobby Idonotunderstandpeoplewhoclaimto love gardening asecondtimefromthebeginning Pointless time consuming Noticeagainthatthetwowordsareusuallyusedinanegativesense AsinPara 6 theauthoruses neurotic tohidehisintenseinterestandfullappreciationofthesignificanceofgardening Para 10 四月是人们再一次去为这个毫无疑义而又耗费时间的爱好去烦心的日子 Para 10 Agardenisanextensionofoneself orselves andsoithastobeanarenawherestrivingdoesnotcease butcontinuesbyothermeans extensionofoneself thefurthergrowthordevelopmentofapersonGardeninghastobeanotherplacewherepeoplecontinuetoworkhardtomakeachievements andsoithastobeanarenawherestrivingdoesnotcease butcontinuesbyothermeans andsoagardenturnstobeastageorfieldwhereoneshowsthathisefforttoachievesomethingneverstops Orputitanotherway agardenisameansofdisplayinghisceaselessstruggle Para 10 Para 10 Butyouwillfeelbetterfornotstandingonyourdignity standonone sdignity tomakeitcleartosbthathemusttreatyouwithdignity Para 11 Onlythegardeneriscapableofendlesslyrevivingsomuchhopethatthisyear regardlessofdrought flood typhoon orhisownstupidity thisyearheisgoingtodoitright 只有园丁能见识到希望永无止境的复苏 今年 无论干旱 洪水 台风或者自己的愚蠢 他一定会做好 Para 11 LeaveittoGodtohavepickedtheproperoccupationforhisonlycreaturecapableofsuchself delusion 让上帝来为这唯一能自欺欺人的生物选择正当职业吧 Thereisahumaninstinctatworkhere akindofback breakingmake believethathasnoreality paraphrase Thebirdsbeginscreaminghysterically thinkingwhatIamthinking thewormsaredeliciouslywormingtheirwaythroughthemeltingsoil Translate Therearefewsightsquiteasbeautifulasavegetablegardenglisteninginthesun alldewyandglitteringwithadozenshadesofgreenatseveninthemorning Translate LeaveittoGodtohavepickedtheproperoccupationforhisonlycreaturecapableofsuchself delusion QuestionPara 11 Insomeway Isawthegardenasametaphorforcertainaspectsofmylife Whatisbeingcompared Howdoes thegarden enterintothecomparison QuestionPara 9 List 1 abunchof2 atwork3 waftthrough4 meanbusiness5 wormone swaythrough6 Thesamegoesfor 7 castaside8 standonone sdignity9 regardlessof10 forhonesty ssake PhrasesandExpressions eintoplay12 tellsthapartfrom13 shadesofcolor14 loadaplacewithsth15 inmassivenumbers16 turnuponsb PhrasesandExpressions Whenyouthinkhoweasy itistobuy whyraisethem Androotcropsespeciallyarehardtotellapart whenstore bought fromourown Itisnotonlypleasuresendingmebacktostareatthatplotofsoil Aconsumerofvastquantitiesofvegetables shedoesthethinningandhand cultivatingofthetinyplants Butisitconceivablethatthefatherofusshouldhavebeen anythingbutagardener Sentencepatterns 1 IcanstillonlytellMarkandD