2018年高考英语语法填空高频规律教案.docx

2018年高考英语语法填空高频规律教案纯空格题：考查冠词、代词、介词和连词等四类词。有提示题： 谓语动词的时态和语态（主谓一致）非谓语动词 形容词和副词及比较级、最高级和词类转换（词性转换、加否定或反义的前/后缀）等。语法填空七字诀：“全”：看完整句；“位”：确定空格所处的位置，分清在句子当中充当什么作用（词性为主）；“考”：知道考什么；“形”：知道用什么形式（主被动，词性的变化，特别是不规则词形的变化和书写等）；“断”：对于长难句，要学会断句（断成相对完整的小单位，使空格的位置明朗化）；“删”：对于复杂句，要学会删掉修饰部分，让句子的基本结构浮出水面。“查”：填完后，读一遍，看是否自然通顺、前后一致、符合逻辑，看整体是否完整。高考英语语法填空词易错点归纳容易拼写错的数字：1. eighth第八 2. ninth第九 3. forty四十 4. twelfth第十二5. twentieth第二十以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母：双写规则口诀:重读闭音节有特点，词尾是两“辅”夹一“元”。若把-ing，-er（-est），-ed添，辅音字母要双写全。注：两“辅”夹一“元”：指单词最后三个字母是“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”（最后一个字母如是w，x，y除外），其中元音字母所发的音是该单词的重音。即“以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词”。1. admit (admitted, admitting) 承认2. permit (permitted, permitting)允许3. regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔4. forget (forgotten, forgetting ) 忘记 unforgettable5. control (controlled, controlling) 控制6. occur (occurred, occurring) 出现7. prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿8. refer (referred, referring) 提到9. equip (equipped, equipping) 装备注意：quarrel, signal,travel中的l可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语） 另外注意destroy (destroyed), employ (employed),shyer; shyest.部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词:1. broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播2. flee (fled, fled) 逃跑3. forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止4. forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅5. freeze (froze, frozen) 结冰6. hang (作“绞死”讲，是规则的；作“悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung)7. lie (作“说谎”讲时，是规则的；作“位于”讲时，其过去式是lay，过去分词是lain)8. seek (sought, sought) 寻求9. shake (shook, shaken) 发抖10. sing (sang, sung) 唱歌11. sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉12. spread (spread, spread) 传播13. swim (swam, swum) 游泳14. tear (tore, torn) 撕碎15. weave (wove, woven) 编织注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化:1. longlength 长度 lengthen加长2. widewidth 宽度widen3. highheight 高度heighten4. strongstrength力量 strengthen5.deepdepthdeepen6. shortshortnessshorten7.broadbroadnessbroaden8.largelargenessenlarge以-ic结尾的动词，应先把-ic变为-ick，再加ing或ed：高考英语语法填空词类转换A.v.n.adj.adv.actualactuallyappointappointed/appointmentdisableability; inability; disabilityable; unable;disabledabsentabsenceabsentabsolute; absolutenessabsoluteabsolutelyabsorbabsorbedacceptacceptanceacceptableaccessaccessaccessibleaccidentaccidental;accidentallyaccomplishaccomplishmentachieveachievementachievableactactionactivateactivityactiveaddictaddictionaddictedadditionadditionaladjustadjustmentadmireadmirationadmirableadmitadmissionadvanceadvanceadvancedadvantageadvantageadvantageousadvertiseadvertisementadviseadviceageageagedagreeagreementagreeableagricultureagriculturalallowallowanceallowable高频考点归纳一、代词、冠词高频考点代词高频考点：. 不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing, someone, somebody, anybody等的用法;. 替代词 it, that, those , one/ ones 的用法; . it 的特殊用法;. 指示代词 this, that, these, those, such 等的用法;. 人称代词格的变化;. 物主代词、反身代词及疑问代词的用法。 【解题思路】. 代词代的是人还是物;. 代词代的是可数名词还是不可数名词;. 代词代的是特指还是泛指;. 代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上;. 代词表示的是肯定还是否定概念;. 修饰名词的不定代词（another, the other, many, much, either, neither, both, any, all, each 等）冠词高频考点：若空格后面的名词 或 形容词+ 名词前没有物主代词his/her/my等、不定代some/any/other/another等、名词所有格、指示代词this/that/these/those等限定词时，很可能填冠词。【解题思路】1) . 如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“ 一个 （ 本、种、杯 -）”时，一般填a/an.；如果可翻译成“ 这、这些、那、那些 ”时， 一般填 the .2) . 泛指填aan , 特指填the.3). 如果名词后面有: of 短语、不定式、分词或从句等做定语时可能填the. a/an/the用法顺口溜：特指双熟悉， 上文已提及；世上独无二， 序数最高级；普转专有名， 习语及乐器。 1、缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。 例27 I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and _38_ gets there almost in a second. and连接前后两个句子，and后面的句子缺主语，应填名词或代词；结合前一分句，不难推知，“马上可到达那里”的是the message，替代the message用代词it。 2、名词前是空格，若该名词前没有限定词，很可能是填冠词his, their等形容词性物主代词，或some, any, other(s), another等限定词。 例28 It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (9601279) was very anxious to help _33_ rice crop grow up quickly. 名词rice crop前还没有限定词，应当填限定词；根据句意，这个急性子人当然是急于使“他的”禾苗长得快，故填形容词性物主代词his。 例29 The little boy pulled _33_ right hand out of the pocket （his）例30 the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to_35_ small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage. 因单数可数名词town前还没有限定词，应填限定词；根据句意，是指将车拉到离那里大约有20公里远的一个小镇上去修理，表示“一个”，用不定冠词，故填a。 2015湖南卷You need to learn how to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, 55 need to check the accuracy of it.2015广东卷Now it occurred to _25_ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. 2015新课标I卷It was raining lightly when I arrived in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didnt care. A few hours before, Id been at home in Hong Kong, with _63_(it) choking smog.2015新课标II卷The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61 （build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 most modern of architects and engineers.2015湖南卷For all you information, you dont have to go to 49 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet 2015广东卷Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned _16_ farm, which looked almost abandoned. luckily, he also had a cow which produced milk every day. 55.you 25. Him 63. Its 62.the 49.the 16. a2014辽宁卷Jonny: Keep holding your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let 65 stay in the air for seconds. 2014新课标卷Now, ears later, this river is one of _ 63_most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.2014湖南卷By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors, you can enjoy 52 friendly relationship with them.2014湖南卷We can choose our friends, but usually we cannot choose our neighbors. However, to get a happy home life, we have to get along with 48 as well as possible.2014湖南卷An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for 49 . People should not do things which will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily.2014广东卷She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on _23_ _ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we werent charged extra.2014广东卷Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said_ 16_ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.65. it, it就是指前面的raise your leg中的your leg。用it指代上文提及的同一事物。63. the，本句横线后面的most是最高级的形式，所以使用the most outstanding的形式。52. a, 察冠词。本横线后面的名词relationship是一个可数名词，使用a修饰表示泛指。句义：通过避免做这些让邻居难受的事情，你可以和邻居有很好的关系。48. them，考察上下文串联。本句中的them就是指第一句中的neighbors。句义：我们可以选择朋友，但是我们不能选择邻居。然而，为了幸福的家庭生活，我们不得不要和邻居尽可能地好好相处。49. others,考察代词。Others其他人；句义：在邻里相处方面一个很重要的品质就是要为他人做考虑。Others是没有范围限制的其他人，本句中没有提及范围限制。23. the, 本句使用定冠词the表示特指，特指她给了我们一个在顶楼上的VIP的套房。 16. it ，考察代词。在英语中通常使用it指代上文说过的同一个事物，以避免重复。本句中的it就是指第一句里提及的Miami。句意：一些去过那里的朋友告诉我说那是一个很理想的度假的地方。七选五教案【2015新课标全国I】 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 .Trust is a risk. But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal. Whether weve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore, 37. Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.l 38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.l 39 If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, well have our trust tested or violated.l You didnt lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A. Learn to really trust yourself.B. It is putting confidence in someone.C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.E. Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G. Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.Building Trust in a Relationship Again【2015新课标全国I】 Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 B.Trust is a risk. But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal. Whether weve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore, 37 E . Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.l 38A having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.l 39 C If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, well have our trust tested or violated.l You didnt lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 G instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A.Learn to really trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.E.Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G.Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.【2014全国新课标】 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 . By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1.CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious. 37 . Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time ?” and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time? 2. CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new 38. There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.3.Personal skillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know whats going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 39 . “Why do you think shes crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?” 4. Self Expression40 . there are many ways to express thoughts and ideas music, acting, drawing,building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.A. Encourage kids to cook with you.B. And we cant forget science education.C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.36【答案】D 【解析】推理题。根据前一句The jobs of the future have not yet been invented未来的工作还没有发明出来。所以我们也不知道它们究竟是什么样子的。更谈不上让我们的孩子为之做好准备。我们能做的就是让我们的孩子练好传统的技能。37. 【答案】A 【解析】推理题。根据下一行“What ingredients (配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time ?”可知本段讲述的是做饭，这也是一项传统技能。我们要鼓励孩子和我们一起做饭，通过孩子的好奇心来培养这种传统的技能。38. 【答案】C 【解析】推理题。根据前面一句True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new真正的创造能力是从现存的东西里创造出新的东西的能力。所以我们给孩子机会让他们用新的方法来考虑这些现有的事物，以此来培养他们的创造能力。只有C项符合上下文串联。39. 【答案】F 【解析】根据下面的三个问题“Why do you think shes crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”可知我们要让孩子来思考为什么别人会有各种行为。以此培养他们理解他人思想的能力，以免错误的判断形势得出错误的结论。所以问一下故事里的有关问题可以培养孩子这方面的能力。F项符合上下文语境。40. 【答案】G 【解析】根据music, acting, drawing,building, photography.可知这些都是我们表达自己思想的有效方法，能够让孩子有这些有效的方法进行表达思想也是一种很重要的技巧。我们要培养孩子这方面的能力。故G项符合上下文语境。不看文章和题干，只是比较四个选项，就能选出正确答案?!遇到吃不准选项的题（即不会做的题），可以90%概率猜中正确答案?!36. A. worried B. sad C. surprised D. nervous36题的正确答案是C, ABD都是一个人状态不好的倾向词，而C则为中性词，表述态度不一致者是答案。.52. A. Largely B. Generally C. Gradually D. Probably52题的正确答案是C, ABD都是含义不肯定的副词，排除表述不明确的选项,答案就水落石出了. 如果你知道了这些秘诀，你就可以解决很多类似的完型填空题!试试看，只是比较选项，你是否能够在5秒之内选出正确答案?56. From Paragragh 1 we learn that the villagers . A.worked very hard for centuries B.dreamed of having a better life C.were poor but somewhat content D.lived a different life from their forefathers56题的正确答案是C, 选项中表述的内容前后相互矛盾的是答案! 思路很简单，如果你掌握了其中的秘诀，抛开文章，你也可以很快选出正确答案. 真的有这么神奇吗？是！一点儿没错！效果是绝对的真实！作为一种标准化考试，选择题本身是有很多缺陷的,这些缺陷就是暗示点，就是解题的突破口!本套密籍教案通过对10年真题的长时间的研究，对这些暗示点进行了全面、深入、细致的挖掘和整理,将其转化为超级解题秘诀!2015上海卷During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeares wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆） of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henrys winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldnt make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesars pride, which led to his murder, and Brutuss mistakes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to _.A. help executives to understand Shakespeares plays better （(段首尾句考点)B. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeares playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeares plays in literature workshops D. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeares plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V? （(转折句考点)A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management. D. To warn executives against power misuse.2015北京卷Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college. Surveys (调查) on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign that todays parents are trying to manage their childrens lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.In the context (背景) of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents involvement with their grown children. If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently, would this have been possible? Probably not. On the other hand, does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasnt