浙江省常山县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解练习1.doc

浙江常山县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮练习【由福建省三明市2014高考模拟题改编】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。 former hollywood child star shirley temple died onmonday at home in woodside，california，from natural causes “she was surrounded by her family and carers ,” astatement said with her charm and blonde curls(金色的卷发)，shewas one of the most popular stars of the 1930sin hitmovies like bright eyes and stand up and cheerhersinging，dancing and acting won over fans worldwideshewas given a special oscar for child in 1935， when shewas just six years oldto this day，she is still the youngest child to receive an academy awardafter retiring from films in 1950 at the age of 21，temple returned to the spotlight as a politicianand diplomat(外交家) shirley temple started her film career at threebetween 1934 and 1938 she appeared in morethan 20 feature films and was the top us movie starshe wore a grass skirt and played a ukulele(四弦小吉它)to promote the musical captain january，directed by david butler，in 1936sheattended her first big public performance for her film wee willie winkie in hollywood on 26 june，1937 as well as being the youngest receiver of an oscar(at the age of 6 years and 3 1 0 days)，templewas also the youngest child to present one of the statuettes(小金人)she stood on a chair to giveclaudette colbert the best actress prize for it happened one night in 1935at the age of 12temples star burnt outher parents bought out the remaining time of her contract and sent her toan expensive girls schoo1her final film，a kiss for corliss，is available to watch online for freethis is the stars final ever moment on the big screenthe actress retired from hollywood in 1950，but she still appeared occasionally on tvin 1958 she wore a fairy godmother costume to promoteher series of dramatised fairy tales，shirley temples storybook in 2006，she accepted the life achievement award at the 12th annual screen actors guildawards1shirley temple was popular with the world mainly because of_ aher charm and blonde cuffs bher singing，dancing and acting cher young age as an actress dher career being a diplomat2according to the passage，shirley temple was born in_.a1929 b1932 c1934 d19353from the passage we can infer that_. atemple involved herself actively in political work after she was twentyone bthe life achievement award was given to temple when she was young cher parents sent her to an expensive girls school by contract dthe film of her first public performance was captain january4which of the following statements is true about shirley temple ? ashe ever received the oscar award for the best actress bshe was the best child movie star in the world cshe was once a presenter at an oscar awarding ceremony dshe stopped appearing on any kind of media after 1950【参考答案】14、baac阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? well, apparently its because we have mirror neurons (神经元) in our brains. put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate (模仿) it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. this explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. but the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people. mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. a group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: “the hand took hold of the ball”) , the same mirror neurons weretriggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball) . any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. however, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders. research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information concerning how humans behave and interact (互动) . indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent (相等物) for neuroscience of what einsteins theory of relativity was for physics. and the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else doeswell, perhaps youll understand why. 1. mirror neurons can explain.a. why we cry when we are hurtb. why we cough when we suffer from a coldc. why we smile when we see someone else smiled. why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late2. the underlined word“triggered”in the third paragraph probably means“”.a. set off b. cut offc. built up d. broken up3. we can learn from the passage that mirror neurons.a. relate to human behavior and interactionb. control human physical actions and feelingsc. result in bad behavior and social disordersd. determine our knowledge and language abilities4. what is the passage mainly about? a. ways to find mirror neurons. b. problems of mirror neurons. c. existence of mirror neurons. d. functions of mirror neurons. 【参考答案】14、caad阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。【2014二模】firefighters had largely tamed a tower of flame and smoke that covered the sun and drove thousands from their homes in the foothill suburbs northeast of los angeles, but a week of dangerously windy wildfire conditions and a year of historic dryness meant that this fire and predictable ones to come remained a major threat.by nightfall thursday, the wildfire that swept through about 2 1/2 square miles of brush in the san gabriel mountains and destroyed five homes early in the day had its progress stopped and was 30 percent contained. more than 700 firefighters were on the scene, along with 70 engines and a fleet of helicopters and air tankers dropping water and retardant(阻止物).but the national weather service said a red-flag warning of extreme fire danger in effect much of the week would remain in place until friday evening because of low humidity and the chance of the regions infamous santa ana winds bursting to 30 mph in the foothills and valleys.some 3,700 people from glendora and azusa evacuated at the height of the fire. glendora residents were allowed to return home thursday evening, but homes in azusa remained under evacuation orders. it wasnt clear how many remained empty.fire engines would stay in all the endangered neighborhoods through the night and helicopters were available to fly after dark if it became necessary. nighttime bursts brought a few flame-ups, but they remained within fire lines.two firefighters had minor injuries and a woman trying to fight the fire near her home suffered a minor burn. seventeen structures were damaged, including homes, garages, barns and other buildings. at least 10 renters were left homeless when the fire destroyed rental units on the historic grounds of a retreat that once was the summer land of the singer sewing machine family. statues of jesus and mary stood unharmed near the blackened ruins. however, the main, 1920s house was spared.three men in their 20s, including a homeless man, were arrested on suspicion of irresponsibly starting the fire by tossing paper into a campfire in the angeles national forest, just north of glendora. they said they were trying to keep warm and the wildfire appears to have been an accident. they could face state or federal charges.61. whats the purpose of the first paragraph? a. to introduce the topic.b. to arouse readers interest. c. to summarize the main idea.d. to share the writers opinion62. what do we know about the fire? a. it lasted a week.b. it started on a thursday. c. it grew wilder at night.d. it flamed up high at first63. what led to the outbreak of the fire? a. low humidity.b. windy fire conditions. c. no timely warning. d. careless campers.64. the underlined word “evacuated” in paragraph 4 probably means _. a. sweptb. burstc. fledd. endangered65. the three young men were arrested because _. a. they were homelessb. they were to blame for the fire c. they wanted to keep warm by the fired. they started the fire deliberately【参考答案】61-65 c d d c b 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。【2014二模】many people focus on physical fitness, but few know that brain fitness is also something you can work on. in fact, you can exercise your brain as often as you work out your arms or abs-and the results can be positive and empowering. its helpful to think of your brain as you work out a muscle. to improve your brain, you cant simply repeat the same exercises over and over. just as lifting a two pound weight will no longer challenge you, so will repetitive exercises such as crosswords or sudoku. once you master easy exercises, you must move on to harder ones in order to push your brainlike your musclesto a new level.scientists once believed that your mental abilities were fixed in adulthood. now that studies on neuroplasticity have shown just the opposite, millions of people around the world have adopted the new practice of brain training.the most popular of these brain training products is made by the san francisco-based lumosity, which employs a team of in-house neuroscientists with degrees from stanford and uc berkeley. realizing that brains need more sophisticated programs and guidance to grow and change, lumositys scientists work with an experienced team of game designers. together theyve developed a fun, effective online brain training program that measures, tracks, and adapts to your progress so youll always be challenged. lumositys training system and 40+ games are based on well-studied tests used in clinical neuropsychology research.in a 2013 stanford study, a treatment group of 21 breast cancer survivors used 12 weeks of lumosity training to work on processing speed, mental flexibility, and working memory tasks. on average, those who trained improved on tests of these abilities, compared to a group that did not train with lumosity. there is even some first round evidence suggesting that lumosity may be beneficial to normal, healthy adults. in a 2011 study by lumosity and san francisco state university researchers, 13 people who did lumosity training over 5 weeks improved on tests of brain performance compared to a group that did not train. on average, those who trained improved working memory scores by 10% and attention scores by 20%.training can take just a few minutes a day, but the rewards can make a difference in many aspects of life. the goal of brain training is not to improve game scores: its to improve the underlying core abilities that those games rely on. lumosity is one of the first and most popular brain training programs in existence. theres a small fee to use the full product, or new users can start a free trial.66. what is the best title for the passage?a. brain training can make a difference.b. brain traininga new science.c. brain training can keep you fit. d. brain trainingan open online course.67. in order to improve our brain, we can _.a. do the same exercises day after dayb. challenge it with harder exercises day by dayc. work out crosswords every dayd. adapt to physical change68. according to the passage, what is lumosity?a. it is a team of in-house neuroscientists.b. it is a team of experienced game designers.c. it is an online brain training program.d. it is a clinical brain training research.69. in paragraph 4, the writer gives so many figures to _. a. explain the cause of lumosityb. clarify the principle of lumosity c. confirm the process of lumosityd. show the effect of lumosity70. it seems to us that the passage is exactly _. a. an ad.b. a survey.c. a questionnaire.d. a quiz.【参考答案】66-70 a b c d a 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。【2014二模】 best bike-sharing cities in the worldwhen citi bike rolled onto the streets of new york this memorial day, it was treated as a national event and even international media took notice. in advance of the launch, one blog post on le mondes website claimed, “bike share to conquer america.”the next major development was in copenhagen, which introduced a coin-operated system in 1995 called b klen, or “city bike.” for 17 years, these bikes zipped through the streets of denmarks capital until the program was shut down late last yearits getting an upgrade to third generation technology.sponsored by media giant clear channel, the french city of rennes brought the next generation of bike share to the world in 1998 by replacing coin operation with card access and electronic booths. from there the technology has progressed, picking up gps and real-time tracking along the way, and has spread throughout western europeand the world.according to the bike sharing world map, maintained by demaio and russell meddin of bike share philadelphia, there are 553 bike share programs in operation worldwide and another 193 in planning or under construction.and theyre not just in europe and north america. the worldwide leader in bike sharing, as measured by the number of bikes, is china. according to data collected by the earth policy institute, 20 of the 25 largest bike share programs are chinese. its largest one, in the city of wuhan, has twice the number of bikes as all of frances shares combined.although most of the systems share several characteristicsbikes with low theft value, electronic docking stations, ranked payment scalesdifferent cities are trying different ways to make bike sharing work.take a look at hangzhou, china, this city of 6.2 million near shanghai, and youll see what just may be the best bike share in the world. although now second on the planet (and chin