填料箱盖加工工艺及钻端面12个孔夹具设计[版本3]-气动夹具【三维SW】【含CAD图纸、工序卡、说明书】【KS系列】
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The packing box divulges reason analysis and countermeasure Abstract: The packing box divulges which through the analysis Petrochemistry enterprise each kind of adjustment valve in, as well as the adjustment valve divulges the harm which brings to the environment and the production, proposed some solution countermeasures. Guan Jianci: Adjusts the valve; The packing box divulges; Seal; Countermeasure1.foreword adjustment: valve is the petroleum chemical industry refines oil in the installment the essential part, its use adjustment valve type many, quantity big, in the chemical production medium many is corrosiveness strong, virulent or is flammable explosive, when adjusts the valve divulges, not only can create the serious raw material, the energy and the product waste, moreover also has the serious influence to the environment, even causes the serious security accident. Therefore, we have the necessity also to have to take in the petroleum chemical industry production process to adjust the valve to divulge the question. Under causes the reason on the petroleum chemical industry installment in which the adjustment valve packing box divulges as well as prevented divulges the countermeasure, the method with the elimination makes the key discussion.2.Adjustments valves packing box divulges the reason analysisadjustment valve divulges divides into two kinds, namely outside divulges with the interior divulges. In the majority situation, outside divulges the consequence which creates, often divulges compared to the interior seriously.In the industrial production, adjusts the valve outside to leak not only creates the raw material and the energy waste, but also can directly pollute the environment, even causes the fire, the detonation, is poisoned and so on the harm safety significant accident, the national economy creates the heavy loss for. Outside but the packing box divulges also belongs leaks.The packing box divulges reason: The packing box by the stuffing box, the padding, the padding pad as well as the padding contracts the organization and so on to be composed. The stuffing box sets on the valve body or the valve cover, plays holds the padding the role. The padding pad sets to the stuffing box base, plays the strut padding role. The padding divides the soft nature sealing compound and takes shape the padding two kinds. Takes shape the padding take the elastic material quality as the raw material, uses the mould pressing to take shape or the turning processing makes each kind of joiner curtain under, compares, takes shape the padding structure compact, sealing property good, the serviceability is stronger.The medium divulges in the sealing compound place, the reason becomes less crowded, the sealing compound for the padding gland is not strict, the padding variety or the quality does not conform to the requirement, the padding gets older or by the valve lever attrition.3.adjusts the loss which the valve divulges createsDivulging causes which by the above situation, creates the economic loss and further because the medium characteristic different has differently to the environment pollution degree. If is the gas medium, then very easily proliferates the dissemination in the air, its pollution radius can be bigger. The liquid medium can through have the pollution to the ground seepage, also possibly or the exile expels flood water the ditch through the open ditch, pollutes the rivers and streams lake and other environment. Former Soviet Unions nuclear power station because adjusts the valve the question to breed the unprecedented disaster, not only has caused the significant personnel casualty, creates direct and the indirect economic loss and the environment destroy also with difficulty estimates. The statistical data indicated that, in the production unit approximately 20% adjustment valve existence divulges the question, creates the direct economic loss approximately composes the total losses 5%0 in the petrified profession, take a set of 5000kt/a scale often the decompressor as the example, in the ordinary circumstances has 5,000 about the adjustment valve, divulges the economic loss by 20% adjustment valve which creates and the pollution which creates to the environment indeed may not belittle, if looked from the entire petrified profession, the situation was more serious.4.Packing boxes divulge the countermeasure because the adjustment valve packing box seals divulging, as well as valve body connection spot seal divulging, is creates adjusts the key which outside the valve leaks to be at, therefore needs specially to take.The traditional soft nature padding seal, is depends on the padding gland the thrust, causes it between the valve lever and the padding as well as the padding and the stuffing box sidewall, has the certain radial direction contact stress to achieve the seal. Therefore, the gland axial force must be quite big, this creates between the padding and the valve lever rubs the torque to increase, the attrition increases, the soft nature sealing compound wears quickly, thus must frequently screw tight the packing bolt or the replacement padding, can guarantee the better seal effect.Uses the appropriate padding seal and the padding seal combination, may enhance adjusts the reliability which the valve uses, lengthens the service life. If the flexible graphite link padding combination use, only uses the flexible graphite link padding the seal effect to be better than. At present in domestic uses the sole flexible graphite link padding the situation quite to be many; But in overseas, uses the flexible graphite link padding combination the application method to start popularly, and has obtained the good effect.5.Concluding remark In summary, adjusts the valve in the petrification industrial production divulging is the not allow to neglect question, it to the production efficiency, the security as well as can bring the significant influence to the environment. The elimination adjustment valve divulges the key lies in the optimized adjustment valve structure the design, adjusts the valve according to the different craft condition reasonable choice the material, enhances adjusts the valve in production process quality control level, as well as adjusts the valve according to the craft operating system optimization the shaping. Along with the science and technology progress, specially the new material appearance, some new structures adjustment valves put into the use, their performance good, the life is long, may satisfy production the need to develop. Reference: 1 Wang Xunju Valve use maintenance handbook S Beijing: Chinese petrochemistry publishing house, 19992 German ginger The petroleum chemical industry installment process tube installs design handbook second S Beijing: Chinese petrochemistry publishing house, 19983 Lu Peiwen The valve selects the handbook S Beijing: Mechanical industry publishing house,2001中文译文填料函泄漏的原因分析及对策摘要：通过分析石化企业各种调节阀门中填料函泄漏的原因，以及调节阀门泄漏对环境和生产所带来的危害，提出了一些解决对策。关健词：调节阀门；填料函泄漏；密封；对策1前言调节阀门是石油化工炼油装置中不可缺少的部分，其使用的调节阀门种类多、数量大，化工生产中的介质多是腐蚀性强、有毒或易燃易爆的，当调节阀门泄漏时，不仅会造成严重的原材料、能量和产品的浪费，而且对环境也造成严重的影响，甚至引起严重的安全事故。因此，我们有必要也应当重视石油化工生产过程中调节阀门的泄漏问题。下面就石油化工装置中引起调节阀门填料函泄漏的原因以及防止和消除泄漏的对策、方法做重点探讨。2 调节阀门填料函泄漏的原因分析调节阀门泄漏分为两种，即外部泄漏和内部泄漏。在大多数情况下，外部泄漏所造成的后果，往往比内部泄漏更加严重。在工业生产中，调节阀门的外漏不但造成原材料及能源的浪费，还会直接污染环境，甚至引起火灾、爆炸、中毒等危害生命安全的重大事故，给国民经济造成严重损失。而填料函泄漏又属于外漏。填料函泄漏的原因：填料函由填料箱、填料、填料垫以及填料压紧机构等组成。填料箱置于阀体或阀盖上，起容纳填料的作用。填料垫置于填料箱底部，起支撑填料的作用。填料分软质密封填料和成型填料两种。成型填料以弹性材质为原料，采用模压成型或车削加工制成各种环形密封圈，相比之下，成型填料结构紧凑，密封性能好，适用性更强。介质在密封填料处泄漏，原因为填料压盖松动、密封填料不严密、填料品种或质量不符合要求、填料老化或被阀杆磨损。3调节阀门泄漏造成的损失由以上情况引起的泄漏，所造成的经济损失和对环境的污染程度又因介质的特性的不同而有所不同。如果是气体介质，则很容易在空气中扩散传播，其污染半径就会较大。液体介质则会通过对地面的渗透产生污染，也可能通过明沟或暗沟流人排洪渠，污染江河湖泊及其他环境。前苏联
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