湖北省宜昌市高中英语 Unit 2 Cloning Part Ⅲ Grammar学案（无答案）新人教版选修8.doc

unit 1 women of achievement part grammar一、学习目标 1. 掌握同位语从句的用法；2. 学会区分同位语从句与定语从句等的区别。二、自主预习1.定义:在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish, promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。例：the news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.析：they had won the game说明the news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。2. 如何确定同位语从句引导词1. 如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略）例：the general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once. 析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。2. 如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加是否的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能 引导同位语从句）例：well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time. 析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加是否的含义才能表达theproblem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。3. 如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加什么时候、什么地点、什么方式等含义，应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。例1：i have no idea when he will be back.析：he will be back意义不完整，应加什么时候的含义才能表达idea的全部内容，因此应用when引导同位语从句。例2：i have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike.析：he went home意义不完整，应加如何的含义才能表达impression的全部内容，因此应用how引导同位语从句。4. 当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置.如：the thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.3. 同位语从句 vs 定语从句同位语从句和定语从句相似，都放在某一名词或代词后面，但同位语从句不同于定语从句。同位语从句对名词加以补充说明，是名词全部内容的体现，且名词和同位语从句的引导词均不在从句中作成分；定语从句说明先行词的性质与特征，与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，且名词和定语从句的引导词均在从句中作成分。注意：区分时可以在先行词与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成一个新句子，如果句子通顺且符合逻辑，则为同位语从句，反之，则为定语从句。the report that he was going to resign was false. the order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. the order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. the fact that great britain is made up of three parts is known to many. the news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming. 【熟能生巧】1）information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.a. while b. that c. when d. as2）it is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities, this is the information _ has been put forward.a. what b. that c. when d. as3）i cant stand the terrible noise _ she is crying loudly.a. it b. which c. this d. that四、课内达标(一) 完成句子1. everyone knows the tradition white long dress when gets married.(wear) 人们都知道女孩结婚时穿长长的白色礼服这一传统。2. the fact makes him very upset. (fail) 他失败了数次这个事实让他很沮丧。3. ive come from mr wang with a message see you this afternoon. (see)我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。4. he must answer the question or not.(agree) 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。5 the thought came to him the city. (flee) 他突然想起敌人可能已经逃出城了。6. i have no idea .(wear)我不知道她穿几号的鞋。7. our teacher gave us some advice the computer.(use)老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。8. she made a request for at once.(send)她请求立即请医生来。9. the question a specialist was answered by the family doctor. (call)我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。(二) 用适当的连接词填空。1. there is a strong possibility _ man will mainly depend on solar energy in the future.2. they arose the question _ we were to raise money.3. he had no idea _ was likely to happen next.4. word came _ there would be a new round of sale next month.5. our teacher gave us some advice on _ we (should) use the computer.6. they government gave the order _ all these houses (should) be pulled down in three weeks.7. her mother was worried about the possibility _ her daughter disliked going to school.8. he cant answer the question _ he got the money.(三) 改错1. she is a rich woman is known to all in the city.2. my cousin asked me that i could lend him the chinese novel. 3. the difficulty lies in the fact we have no money. 4. the fact what he was successful proves his ability. 5. what i will accept the gift is none of your business.6. robert asked joan what she is doing there. 7. is a fact that english is being accepted as an international language?