湖北省罗田县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解训练2.doc

湖北罗田县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮训练（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：说明文话题：自信与成功词数：426时间：6nothing succeeds like confidence.when you are truly confident, it radiates (辐射、散开) from you like sunlight，and attracts success to you like a magnet (磁铁)besides, those who are self-confident can in turn inspire confidence in others: their audience，their peers, their bosses, their customers, and their friends.and gaining the confidence of others is one of the key ways in which a self-confident person finds success.so how can we build a sense of selfconfidence and prepare ourselves on the way to success?first, do what you believe to be right, even if others mock or criticize you for it.believe in yourself and believe that you can do it under any circumstances, because if you believe you can, then you really will.the belief keeps you searching for answers, which means that pretty soon you will get them.second, govern your behavior based on what other people think.whats more important, be willing to take risks and go the extra miles to achieve better results, in which case mistakes cannot be avoided.dont hesitate to admit your mistakes, and learn from them.next, work hard to settle the problems in order to cover up your mistakes before anyone notices.building self-confidence is readily achievable, as long as you have the focus and determination to carry things through.and whats even better is that the things youll do to build self-confidence will also build successafter all, your confidence will come from real, solid achievement.no one can take this away from you!as you sow, sow will reap.with your perseverance and improvement, you are getting closer to success.at this stage, wait for others to congratulate you on your accomplishments and compliments elegantly.“thanks, i really worked hard on that success, im pleased you recognize my efforts.” the congratulations and compliments from others will promote you to gain further success.self-confidence is extremely important in almost every aspect of our lives, and it is no wonder that so many people struggle to find it.self-confidence really can be learned and built on.besides, whether youre working on your own self-confidence or building the confidence of people around you, its well worth the effort!【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了自信对于取得成功的重要性，及其在人们日常生活中的重要作用。1those who are truly confident _asucceed without effort and hard workbgain the confidence of others and feel successfulcappear more attractive and thus become successfuldencourage people around to become confident答案d细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知“我们的自信可以反过来激励他人的自信。”所以说可以鼓励他人变得自信。2the underlined word “mock” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _apunish bimitate claugh at dpraise for答案c词义猜测题。由前后文可知即使他人嘲笑或批评你的想法，你也要做你认为是正确的事情。3when others congratulate us on our achievements, we are supposed to _apraise them in returnbgain further improvementcexpect them to congratulate you againdpolitely accept the compliments答案d细节理解题。由第五段第二、三句可知“你可以优雅地等待别人对你所取得成就的祝贺和赞扬”也就是可以礼貌地接受别人的赞美。4which of the following sayings best expresses the meaning of paragraph 4?alearn from past mistakes and avoid future ones.bit is no use crying over spilt milk.cgenius is 1% inspiration and 99% efforts.dlook before your leap.答案a主旨大意题。通读第四段可知，其大意是告诉我们要勇于承认自己的错误并从中学习，并在日后避免同样的错误。5the purpose of the passage is to _atell people how to become successfulbencourage people to build confidence and achieve successcconvince people to do what they believe to be rightdcriticize people who lack confidence and thus fail in their career答案b主旨大意题。从文章大意可知文章主要讲述了自信对于取得成功的重要性，及其在人们日常生活中的重要作用。所以说文章的写作目的是鼓励人们建立自信取得成功。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。(the program-federal government helps minority business) federal efforts to aid minority businesses began in the 1960s when the small business administration (sba) began making federally guaranteed loans and government-sponsored management and technical assistance available to minority business enterprises. while this program enabled many minority entrepreneurs to form new businesses, the results were disappointing, since managerial inexperience, unfavorable locations, and capital shortages led to high failure rates. even 15 years after the program was implemented, minority business receipts were not quite two percent of the national economys total receipts. recently federal policymakers have adopted an approach intended to accelerate development of the minority business sector by moving away from directly aiding small minority enterprises and toward supporting large, growth-oriented minority firms through intermediary companies. in this approach, large corporations participate in the development of successful and stable minority businesses by making use of government-sponsored venture capital. the capital is used by a participating company to establish a minority enterprise small businesses that have potential to become future suppliers of customers of the sponsoring company. mesbics are the result of the belief that providing established firms with easier access to relevant management techniques and more job-specific experience, as well as substantial amounts of capital, gives those firms a greater opportunity to develop sound business foundations than does simply making general management experience and small amounts of capital available. further, since potential markets for the minority businesses already exist through the sponsoring companies, the minority businesses face considerably less risk in terms of location and market fluctuation. following early financial and operating problems, sponsoring corporations began to capitalize mesbics far above the legal minimum of $500,000 in order to generate sufficient income and to sustain the quality of management needed. mesbics are now emerging as increasingly important financing sources for minority enterprises. ironically, mesbic staffs, which usually consist of hispanic and black professionals, tend to approach investments in minority firms more pragmatically than do many mesbic directors, who are usually senior managers from sponsoring corporations. the latter often still think mainly in terms of the social responsibility approach and thus seem to prefer deals that are riskier and less attractive than normal investment criteria would warrant. such differences in viewpoint have produced uneasiness among many minority staff members, who feel that minority entrepreneurs and businesses should be judged by established business considerations. these staff members believe their point of view is closer to the original philosophy of mesbics and they are concerned that, unless a more prudent course if followed, mesbic directors may revert to policies likely to re-create the disappointing results of the original sba approach.1.which of the following best states the central idea of the passage?a the use of mesbics for aiding minority entrepreneurs seems to have greater potential for success than does the original sba approach.there is a crucial difference in point of view between the staff and directors of some mesbics.c after initial problems with management and marketing, minority businesses have begun to expand at a steady rate.d minority entrepreneurs wishing to form new businesses now have several equally successful federal programs on which to rely.2.according to the passage, the mesbic approach differ s from the sba approach in that mesbics a seek federal contracts to provide market for minority businesses.encourage minority businesses to provide markets for other minority businesses.c attempt to maintain a specified rate of growth in the minority business sector.d rely on the participation of large corporations to finance minority businesses.3.which of the following statements about the sba program can be inferred from the passage?a the maximum term for loans made to recipient businesses was 15 years.business loans were considered to be more useful to recipient businesses than was management and technical assistance.c the anticipated failure rate for recipient businesses was significantly lower than the rate that actually resulted.d recipient businesses were encouraged to relocate to areas more favorable for business development.4.the author refers to the financial and operating problems encountered by mesbics primarily in order toa broaden the scope of the discussion to include the legal considerations of funding mesbics through sponsoring companies.call attention to the fact that mesbics must receive adequate funding in order to function effectively.c show that sponsoring companies were willing to invest only $500,000 of government-sponsored venture capital in the original mesbics.d compare sba and mesbic limits on minimum funding.5.it can be inferred from the passage that the attitude of some mesbic staff member toward the investments preferred by some mesbic directors can be best described asa disappointing.indifferent.c shocked.d defensive.vocabulary1.implement 执行，履行2.growth-oriented 增长潜力的，有发展性的3.intermediary company 中介公司，中间公司4.venture capital 风险资本5.entrepreneur 企业家，创业者6.fluctuation 波动，涨落，起伏7.pragmatically 实用地难句译注1. even 15 years after the program was implemented minority business receipts were not quite two percent of the national economys total receipts.【参考译文】甚至在这个计划执行后15年，少数民族工业的收入还不到全国总收入的2。2. recently federal policy makers have adopted an approach intended to accelerate development of the supporting large, growth oriented minority firms through intermediary companies.【参考译文】最近，联邦决策者采取一项措施，旨在加速少数民族工商业的发展，他们不再直接帮助小型的少数民族企业，而是转向通过中间公司来支持规模较大、有发展潜力的少数民族公司。3. by making use of government-sponsored venture capital.利用政府资助的风险资本。4. the mesbic then provides capital and guidance to minority businesses that have potential to become future suppliers or customers of the sponsoring company.【参考译文】然后再由mesbic向那些少数民族企业提供资金、进行指导。这些企业是有成为赞助公司的未来供应商或客户的潜力的。5. mesbic minority enterprise small business investment company 少数民族小型企业投资公司。6. mesbics are the result of the belief that providing established firms with easier access to relevant management techniques and more job-specific experience, as well as substantial amounts of capital, gives those firms a greater opportunity to develop sound business foundations than does simply making general management experience and small amounts of capital available.【参考译文】mesbic的建立基于这种信念：为已建公司提供方便，使它更容易获得相关的管理技术更具体的工作经验以及大笔资金要比简单地给予一般管理经验和小笔资金更能使它们获得机会去建立稳固的商业基础。7. the latter often still think mainly in terms of the social responsibility approach and thus seem to prefer deals that are riskier and less attractive than normal investment criteria would warrant.【参考译文】后者高级经理们在有大多数情况下，仍然常常从“社会责任的角度”来考虑问题，因此，他们似乎更倾向于选择那些比正常投资标准更具风险性，而不太引人注目的项目。写作方法与文章大意 文章主要采用因果以及对比的写作方法。先点出sba计划联邦政府对少数民族去也的赞助（）的失败及其原因。 为此，联邦决策者改变方法，通过中介公司，建立mesbic。由它来帮助少数民族企业使其获得相应的管理技术、具体工作经验和大量资金，甚至潜在的市场取得了成功。 可内部存在问题，mesbic的职工和领导者之间的意见分歧，职工的投资观点更切实际，而领导者仍从“社会责任的角度”来考虑问题，若不改变，有可能重蹈sba之覆辙。答案详解1. a 运用mesbic来帮助少数民族企业似乎比原来sba的方法更具成功的可能性。文章一开始就点名sba（小型企业管理局）向少数民族企业提供联邦保证贷款，政府资助管理和技术方面的帮助，结果令人失望。组建成的少数民族新企业由于管理上缺乏经验、地点不佳、资金短缺而导致失败的情况很多。其他见难句译注1、2、3。总之在mesbic支持下：为它的潜在市场提供大量资金等，使它们在地点和市场流通方面风险小的多，从而带来足够的收入和保持所需的管理质量。这一切都说明mesbic比sba的成功可能性大。b.mesbic中的领导者和职工方面在观点上有着至关重要的分歧。c.经历了早期管理和市场问题后，少数民族企业已开始稳步发展。d.希望组建新公司的少数民族企业家已有好几个成功的联邦计划可依靠。2. d 依靠打工四向少数民族企业投资。见第二段第二句：大公司利用政府资助的风险资本参与成功而又稳固的少数民族企业的发展。参与的大公司用这笔资金建立了“少数民族小型企业投资公司”（mesbic）a.寻求为少数民族企业提供市场联邦合同。b.鼓励少数民族企业为其他少数民族企业提供市场。c.试图在少数民族部门保持特定的增长率。3. c 预期加入sba项目中的公司的失败率比实际失败率低得多。文内没有直接点出，而是从（见第一题注释）sba帮助的企业失败率很高令人失望，从而推断c项结论。a.给企业贷款最高期限为15年。b.商业贷款对企业来说远笔管理和技术帮助重要。d.鼓励接受贷款企业重新寻找利于企业发展的地区。4. b 为的是引人注意这一实际情况：mesbic必须取得足够的资金才能有效地运转。这在第三段最后一句：在经历了早期财政和运行问题后，赞助公司给mesbic注入的资金远远超过了50万美元的法定最低限额，以获得足够的收入并保持所需的管理质量。mesbic现在正成为日益重要的少数民族企业的资金来源。这说明没有足够的资金是难以有效运转的。a.扩大讨论范围以包括通过赞助公司投资mesbic的合理性。c.表明赞助公司愿意在原来的mesbic只投资50万政府资助的风险资本。d.对比sba和mesbic最低投资限额。5. a 失望。文章最后一段mesbic的职工一般是拉美和黑人专业人员在少数民族公司的投资上比mebsic的领导者更切实际。这些高级经理从社会责任角度看问题，会选择更具风险性，不太吸引人的项目。观点分歧使许多少数民族职工感到不安，他们认为应以公司的业务爆出来评价少数民族企业家及其企业。者充分说明mebsic的职工对领导所青睐的投资项目不满意和失望。b.漠不关心。c.震惊。d.持保留态度。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。beldon and canfield are two seashore towns, not far apartboth towns have many hotels, and in summer the hotels are full of holiday-makers and other touristslast august there was a fire at the seabreeze hotel in beldonthe next day, this news appeared on page two of the towns newspaperthe beldon post:fire at seabreezelate last night firemen hurried to the seabreeze hotel and quickly put out a small fire in a bedroomthe hotel manager said that a cigarette started the firewe say again to all our visitors： “please dont smoke cigarettes in bed” this was beldons first hotel fire for five yearsthe canfield times gave the news in these words on page one：another beldon hotel catches firelast night beldon firemen arrived just too late to save clothing, bedclothes and some furniture at the seabreeze hotelan angry holiday-maker said, “an electric lamp probably started the firethe bedroom lamps are very old at some of these hotelswhen i put my bed side light on, i heard a funny noise from the lamp” we are glad to tell our readers that this sort of adventure does n