湖北省浠水县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解九月选编（四）.doc

湖北浠水县2017高考英语阅读理解九月选编【健康环保类阅读理解】（2015模拟题）hortonat first glance，there is little in horton to attract people.the other nearby towns have much more to offer：bradfield has its river and historic buildings，while newtown has shops and entertainment.the buildings of horton look dirty and unloved.for shops，there is a small supermarket，a few bargain shops，a bakery which，strangely，does not sell bread and a florist which has one stand of sadlooking flowers.even so，horton has several advantages over its neighbouring towns.firstly，it has a country park.four thousand years ago，this was an important fort.there are no historic remains here now，but there are wonderful views over the countryside.on sunny weekends you can often see kids out with their parents，kicking balls or flying kites.there arent many job opportunities in horton，and the roads to nearby cities arent really fast，but there are excellent rail links.you can be in london in an hour and a half，and other cities are less than an hour away.that means that parents can earn a good salary and still get home in time to spend the evenings with their families.houses in horton arent pretty，but theyre functional and cheap.the streets are quiet and safe，and there are plenty of parks and playgrounds.it has a library，three primary schools and a secondary school，st.marks.it is friendly and offers a wide range of subjects and activities to children of all abilities and backgrounds.the town also has a swimming and a sports centre，and the community halls hold regular clubs and events for people of all ages.1.what is the writers main purpose?a.to explain what tourists can do in horton.b.to explain why horton is a good place to live in.c.to explain why horton is not as pleasant as other towns.d.to describe the history of horton.答案b解析写作意图题。通读全文，并根据文章第一段最后一句“even so，horton has several advantages over its neighbouring towns.”和第三段对该地方的介绍说明作者想说的就是horton这个地方适于居住。故选b。2.which part of horton does the writer find disappointing?a.the shops. b.country park.c.transport links. d.the schools.答案a解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段对该镇商店的描述“for shops，there is a small supermarket，a few bargain shops，a bakery which，strangely，does not sell bread and a florist which has one stand of sadlooking flowers.”可知这里的商店让人失望。故选a。3.which of the following is not the advantage of horton?a.plenty of parks and playgrounds.b.historical buildings.c.the quiet and safe streets.d.functional and cheap houses.答案b解析细节理解题。根据第三段的“houses in horton arent pretty，but theyre functional and cheap.the streets are quiet and safe，and there are plenty of parks and playgrounds.”排除a、c、d三项；只有b不是horton的优势。故选b。4.what advantages does horton bring to workers?a.there are plenty of jobs available in the town.b.you can drive to nearby cities in a short time.c.you can get to several cities quickly by train.d.working conditions are better here than in other towns.答案c解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“you can be in london in an hour and a half，and other cities are less than an hour away.that means that parents can earn a good salary and still get home in time to spend the evenings with their families.”可知住在这里的工人们能够坐火车很快地到达附近的城市。故选c。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。(the young generation) old people are always saying that the young are not what they were. the same comment is made from generation to generation and it is always true. it has never been truer than it is today. the young are better educated. they have a lot more money to spend and enjoy more freedom. they grow up more quickly and are not so dependent on their parents. they think more for themselves and do not blindly accept the ideals of their elders. events which the older generation remembers vividly are nothing more than past history. this is as it should be. every new generation is different from the one that preceded it. today the difference is very marked indeed. the old always assume that they know best for the simple reason that they have been around a bit longer. they dont like to feel that their values are being questioned or threatened. and this is precisely what the young are doing. they are question the assumptions of their elders and disturbing their complacency. office hours, for instance, are nothing more than enforced slavery. wouldnt people work best if they were given complete freedom and responsibility? and what about clothing? who said that all the men in the world should wear drab grey suits and convict haircuts? if we ruin our minds to more serious matters, who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means, who said that human difference can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? why have the older generation so often used violence to solve their problems? why are they so unhappy and guilt-ridden in their personal lives, so obsessed with mean ambitions and the desire to amass more and more material possessions? can anything be right with the rat-race? havent the old lost touch with all that is important in life? these are not questions the older generation can shrug off lightly. their record over the past forty years or so hasnt been exactly spotless. traditionally, the young have turned to their elders for guidance. today, the situation might be reversed. the oldif they are prepared to admit itcould learn a thing or two from their children. one of the biggest lessons they could learn is that enjoyment is not sinful. enjoyment is a principle one could apply to all aspects of life. it is surely not wrong to enjoy your work and enjoy your leisure; to shed restricting inhibitions. it is surely not wrong to live in the present rather than in the past or future. this emphasis on the present is only to be expected because the young have grown up under the shadow of the bomb: the constant threat of complete annihilation. this is their glorious heritage. can we be surprised that they should so often question the sanity of the generation that bequeathed it?1. which of the following features in the young is not mentioned?a. better educated. . more money and freedom.c. independence. d. hard work.2. what so the young reject most?a. values. . the assumption of the elders.c. conformity. c. conventional ideas.3. why do the young stress on the present?a. they have grown up under the shadow of the bomb. they dislike the past. c. they think the present world is the best.d. they are afraid of destruction.4. what can the old learn from the young generation?a. enjoyment is not sinful. . people should have more leisure time.c. men might enjoy life. d. one should enjoy ones work.vocabulary1. reminder 使共回想起某事的东西，提示者2. complacency 自鸣得意，自满情结3. take leave 擅自，任意，随意 i took leave to consider this matter settled. 请原谅我认为这事已经解决了。4. conformity 与一致，遵从5. guilt 有罪，内疚6. ridden （ride 的过去分词）受支配的，受压迫7. guilt-ridden 负罪感8. amass 积累，积聚9. a rat-race 激烈的竞争10. shrug off 对耸肩表示不屑一理，轻视，摆脱11. spotless 无污点的，纯洁的12. shed 摆脱，抛弃13. annihilate 歼灭14. bequeath 赠送，把传给后代15. sanity 头脑清醒健全难句译注1. convict haircut. convict 义：罪犯。罪犯和短发两字合在一起为“囚犯理的发式”。但在这里其含义根据上下文决定。前面讲到“谁说世界上所有的男人都应穿浅灰色的西装”，后面只能译成“剪成像罪犯似的短发呢”。本义有haircut义：修理整齐的短发。整齐划一表示绅士派的工作人中作风正派，认真负责，一丝不苟的精神。作者用了convict罪犯一字表示讽刺：“罪犯也是整齐划一的短发跟绅士们的要求一样，难道他们也是作风正派，认真负责，一丝不苟吗？”写作方法与文章大意这是一篇论及“代沟”的文章。主要采用对比手法，一开始就提出了一个老问题：“老人们经常说年轻人不是从前那样了。这一评语代代相传，永远是对的，而今天比以前任何时候更正确。”下面几段就论述他们之不同点以及对比老少两代人的态度。答案祥解1. d. 艰苦工作。这在第一段中第四句“青年一代受了更好教育，有大量的钱话，有更多的自由。他们成长的很快，不那么依赖于父母，他们独立思考得更多，不盲目接受老一代的理想。”a. 受更好的教育。 b. 更多的钱和自由。 c. 独立性。这三项均提及到。2. c. 顺从。第二段集中讲到这一点。“因为老人们经常认为自己懂得多，理由就是他们经历得多。他们不喜欢自己的价值观受到怀疑或威胁。而这正是青年在做的。他们对老人们的设想提出疑问，打乱他们的自鸣得意。他们甚至敢于怀疑老一代创造了世界上可能最佳的社会。他们最反对的莫过于顺从。例如：他们说办公时间就是强制奴役，如果人们完全自由，绝对负责，他们的工作不会更好吗？而穿衣呢？谁说世界上所有的男人都该穿单调的灰色西装和剪成像罪犯似的短发？。”这些词语都表示他们最反对的东西是遵从，“一致性”。所以a. 价值。 b. 长者的设想。 d. 传统习俗观念。都是具体的某一点。3. a. 他们在炸弹的阴影下成长。第三段倒数第四句起“由于年轻人是在炸弹战争的阴影下成长壮大：在不断受到全面歼灭的威胁之下，所以也只能期望他们重视目前。这是他们的光荣遗产。他们经常询问赠给他们遗产的这代人的头脑是否清醒。对此我们能表示惊讶吗？”遗产指的是第二段的种种问题所体现出来的东西，如：“谁说人类之差异能通过常规政策或暴力手段予以很好的解决？为什么老一代人常用暴力来解决他们的问题？为什么他们（老一代）个人生活那么不愉快。老有负罪感？为什么老纠缠于要积聚越来越多的物质财富？。”b. 他们不喜欢过去。 c. 他们认为现世界是最好的。 d. 他们害怕破坏。4. a. 享受不是犯罪。这在第三段中间“老年人如果他们准备承认的话可以从他们的孩子们那里学到一两件事。他们能学的最大的课堂之一是享受不是犯罪。”“享受”是人可适用于生活各个方面的原则。从工作中获得乐处，享受闲暇时间，肯定不是错误。抛弃约束限制，生活在现在而不是生活在过去肯定也不是错。b. 人们应有更多的闲暇。 c. 人可以享受生活。 d. 一个人应当享受工作。科普知识型阅读理解(二)- (二)europes deadly outbreak of a rare form of ecoli(大肠杆菌) bacteria has brought new attention to food safety issues. ecoli bacteria naturally live in the intestines(肠) of humans and many animals. most kinds of ecoli are harmless but some can make people sick.one of the problems when people get sick from food is that the simplest question is often difficult or even impossible to answer. just what did the people eat that made them sick? of course, one way to avoid such problems is to keep dangerous organisms out of the food supply. this_is_easier_said_than_done,_but scientists keep looking for new ways.scientists in the united states have developed an experimental system that uses a hightech optical(光学的)scanner. the inspection system is fixed in the packing houses where produce is sorted for market. the system is designed to identify the produce polluted by soil or animal waste. the new scanner can also show damage and imperfections that might make the produce unappealing to shoppers.scientists designed the system at a department of agriculture research centre in beltsville, maryland. moon kim of the agricultural research service led the team.moon kim: “we were requested, we were asked, to develop a method to test the polluted produce. so we started with the apple as the model sample.”the scanner uses a highspeed camera placed over the conveyer belt that moves the produce along. as the apples move along the belt, the scanner captures images of each piece of fruit. a spectrograph device can use the light to check an apple to show evidence of damage. moon kim says the team hopes the system will be available before long.moon kim: “we are targeting for development in commercial plants for the next several years.”the scanner can direct a sorting machine to separate the bad apples from the good ones. the system is currently able to show the surface of only half the apple as it speeds by. the inventors hope to improve the process so it can show the whole surface.1. the passage mainly talks about _a. the danger of ecoli bacteria to healthb. the way to avoid getting sick from foodc. a system to test the polluted produced. the new attention to food safety issues2according to the passage, we know the new scanner _a. has already used in the supermarketb. is perfect to find out the polluted applec. is still in test and need to improved. can also damage the bacteria in the food3what can we learn from the passage?a. most of the ecoli is dangerous to the peoples health.b. the damage in the fruit might cause it difficult to sell out.c. now the system can take the pictures of each piece of fruit.d. the scanner is put on a moving belt while testing