湖南省宁乡县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解基础选编题（一）.doc

湖南宁乡县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮基础选编题（一）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。placed insights，a dataservice provider，monitors the consumption behavior of more than 70，000 americans at the age of 14 and older on a monthly basis.one half of americans went to mcdonalds at least once a month.nearly four in ten americans visited walmart.the findings show that some companies visited by more than one in ten americans each month are primarily fastfood，discountretail outlets(直销店) and health clinics.the types of businesses these companies are in and the traffic customers use to get to them play a big part in their success.according to placed insights，less than 40% of americans visited a bank or clothing store in march.at the same time，an estimated 60% visited a department store，and more than twothirds went to a fastfood restaurant at least once.placed insights founder and ceo david shim explains what it is that affects much on whether americans visit a business once a year or once a week.“people often go out for fast food.they dont necessarily go shopping for a sweater every day，but they do eat.”it should come as no surprise that most of these companies have made efforts to expand their products，with varying degrees of success.walmart，for example，has expanded its business to offer groceries，and even has fastfood restaurants in many stores.starbucks has expanded its menu options to include breakfast sandwiches and other meals.mcdonalds new mccafe coffee brand has been very successful.these are all new services designed to make more money on existing customers，bring in new customers，and bring them in more often.while the types of goods and services being offered by these companies are critical，the more critical factor is their dominant national presence.these companies have thousands of locations all over the country.rare is the american town without a mcdonalds，burger king，taco bell，subway，or some combination of the three.mcdonalds has more than 14，000 locations in the us. in 2012 while subway has more than 25，000.【解题导语】本文介绍了美国人经常去消费的一些商店以及为什么美国人经常去这些商店。1what do we learn from placed insightss research?athe majority of people going to mcdonalds are children.bmore people go to walmart than to mcdonalds.cover one in ten americans goes to a clothing store each month.dmcdonalds and walmart have many customers in part because they are easy to get to.答案d细节理解题。根据第一段可知，the types of businesses these companies are in and the traffic customers use to get to them play a big part in their success.可知交通方便是麦当劳、沃尔玛等受欢迎的商店赢得很多顾客的原因之一。2according to david shim，which has the most influence on where americans decide to shop?athe types of goods.bthe brands of the companies.cthe traffic.dpeoples preferences.答案a细节理解题。根据第三段的for fast food以及for a sweater可知david shim认为一个商店出售的商品决定了人们是一天去一次还是一周去一次那个商店。3what is paragraph 4 mainly about?awhat types of goods the mostvisited outlets sell.bwhat the mostvisited outlets do to attract customers.cwhy people often go to fastfood outlets.dwhat type of outlet is the most popular in america.答案b段落大意题。第四段介绍了那些成功的商店通过扩大商品范围以及销售区域范围来赢得更多的客户，比如沃尔玛提供快餐，星巴克提供早餐、麦当劳推出了新品咖啡等等，因此第四段主要介绍了一些成功的商店怎样吸引顾客。4what is the main reason that some outlets get visited more frequently than others?athey provide necessities of daily life.bthey provide better service than other outlets.cthey provide more choices of goods.dthey spread all over the country.答案d细节理解题。最后一段第一句介绍虽然食物种类和服务对商店的成功发挥了很重要的作用，但是起主导作用的是它们的地理位置，这些商店的分店遍及全国各地。黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习新闻报道类a german study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists( 悲观者)who expected their future to be worse. the paper, published this march in psychology and aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40,000 germans between ages 18 and 96. the surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003. survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions. the researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middle-aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future. adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction. not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period. “we observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade,” wrote frieder r. lang, a professor at the university of erlangen-nuremberg. lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future. “seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions (预防措施),” the authors wrote. surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline. also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability. the authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions. illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes. however, the researchers said a pattern was clear. “we found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic,” the authors concluded.【小题1】according to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction? aoptimistic adults.bmiddle-aged adults.cadults in poor health.dadults of lower income.【小题2】pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people _. ato fully enjoy their present lifebto estimate their contribution accuratelycto take measures against potential risksdto value health more highly than wealth【小题3】how do people of higher income see their future? athey will earn less money.bthey will become pessimistic.cthey will suffer mental illness.dthey will have less time to enjoy life.【小题4】what is the clear conclusion of the study? apessimism guarantees chances of survival.bgood financial condition leads to good health.cmedical treatment determines health outcomes.dexpectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习新闻报道类theyre wild animalsby ernst-ulrich franzenmarch 11, 2010(3) commentsthe story about the woman who lost some fingers while feeding a bear at a zoo in manitowoc, after she ignored warnings and barriers(栅栏), reminded me of the story i heard about a couple who put their baby on the back of a wild horse in south dakota to get a really cute picture. we all do silly things at times no one is immune but treating wild animals as lovely pets has to fall into a special category. teddy bears and disney movies arent actually representative of real bears. comments (3) view comments 3 comments post a comment 1. tosaleft - mar 11, 2010 10:46am dont you think that maybe, just maybe some alcohol was involved? 2. tk421 - mar 11, 2010 11:09 am it was already approved that alcohol was involved. stories that begin with a drunk person saying “hey, i got an idea, watch this!” rarely end well. 3. tristan kloss - mar 11, 2010 11:41 am alcohol certainly isnt involved when people decide to keep “pets” like chimpanzees, baby tigers, etc. stupidity, definitely. dogs are pets because of thousands of years of domestication. even farm animals, which have been kept by humans for thousands of years as well, arent let in the house. so why keep animals that treat human contact with, at best, indifference(冷淡、不在乎) and, at worst, violence?【小题1】in ernst-ulrich franzens opinion, the woman lost her fingers because _. athe zoo keepers didnt warn her of the dangerbshe didnt know the bear was a wild animalcshe was somehow influenced by cartoon charactersdshe climbed over the barriers and angered the bear【小题2】tosaleft thinks the wounded woman _. amay have been drunkbmay be a little stupidcwas addicted to winedfed wine to the bear【小题3】tk421 means a drunk person _. ashould be forbidden to enter the zoobusually gets himself into troublecis often fond of making up storiesdusually likes to show himself off【小题4】what does tristan kloss think of people treating wild animals as pets? akind.billegal.cloving.dstupid.黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习新闻报道类 two workers was rescued 188 hours after they trapped in a coal mine collapse(倒塌)in the south chinas guangxi zhuang autonomous region the two were among 18 miners trapped after the mine, collapsed midday on july 2 because of days of heavy rain. a total of 71 miners were working underground when the accident occurred on july 2-49 managed to escape. rescuers have got eight bodies so far. ye fangyong, commander of the rescue headquarters, said that the place where the survi- vors were found was at 320 meters underground. it was filled with mud after the collapse, but there was still room for fresh air. he said three more miners trapped at a work platform390 meters underground may survive because the place also have some space for fresh air. rescuers had believed that four other miners would be found with the rescued two, but the chances of the remaining 12 being found alive are not good due to the conditions in the mine. however, the rescuers have not given up. they are using scientific measures such as a water-proof radar device(裟置)to help find the exact locations of trapped workers. moreover, rescuers have been offered 2 million yuan for each miner they pull out alive. the two survivors have been identified a) 41-year-old liu jiagan and 35-year-old qin hongdang. they are in safe condition. before they were rushed to heshan peoples hospital for treatment, they told rescuers in weak voices that they survived under the mine by drinking spring water that seeped(渗漏) through the top of the shaft(矿井).【小题1】the local mine coal accident was probably reported on. ajuly8bjulylocjuly2djuly3【小题2】what caused the coal mine break down? aworkers abnormal xvcrkingbtyphoonn.cdays of heavy rajpdshock of the ca:thquake【小题3】according to the passage,th. e rrmprs could be alive unaerground if . athere is some space for fresh airbthey are equippeci with water-proof raciar devicecthey drink enough waterdthere is enough food【小题4】which of the following is true accoraing to the passage? ascientific measures are used to help rescue the trapped workers.beach miners being pulled out alive will be offered 2 miliion yuan.cofficials offered to give the continuing rescuers higher rankdwater-proof radar- will be puf down to give light.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考英语二模试题】when a rare disease ald threatened to kill the four-year-old boy lorenzo, his parents refused to give up hope. doctors explained that there was no cure for ald, and that he would probably die within three years. but lorenzos parents set out to prove the doctors wrong.the parents devoted themselves to keeping their son alive and searching for a cure. but doctors and the families of other ald patients often refused to take them seriously. they thought the efforts to find a cure were a waste of time, and drug companies werent interested in supporting research into such a rare disease.however, the parents still refused to give up and spent every available hour in medical libraries and talking to anyone who would help. through trial and error, they finally created a cure from ingredients (调料) commonly found in the kitchen. the cure, named lorenzos oil, saved the boys life. despite the good results, scientists and doctors remained unconvinced. they said there was no real evidence that the oil worked and that the treatment was j