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中期检查表学生姓名班级指导教师题目唐山市某办公楼空调工程设计个人精力实际投入日平均工作时间周平均工作时间迄今缺席天数出 勤 率8400100%指导教师每周指导次数3次每周指导时间10小时工作进度已完成主要内容1开题报告的编写2外文翻译3实习报告4空调负荷计算5空调设备及系统形式的选择占总任务的比例(%)50待完成主要内容1空调系统图绘制2机房流程图绘制3通风系统设计4设计计算书的编制5空调水力计算占总任务的比例(%)50存在问题与解决办法存在问题：1 负荷计算中出现缺项；2 对于厨房、餐厅等的方案设计还不是很明确。解决办法：1 进一步查取资料，询问老师；2 认真把错的纠正过来。考核结论指导教师签字： 教研室主任签字：日期： 日期：任务书1 系 专业 班 姓名： 毕业设计（论文）时间： 20xx 年 3 月 12日 至 20xx 年 6 月 24 日毕业设计（论文）题目： 唐山市某办公楼空调工程设计 毕业设计（论文）任务1.本毕业设计（论文）课题应达到的目的学生根据所学基础理论和专业知识，结合实际工程，按照工程设计规范、标准、设计图集和有关参考资料，独立完成建筑所要求的工程设计，并通过设计过程，使学生系统地掌握暖通设计规则、方法、步骤，了解相关专业的配合关系，培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力，为将来从事建筑环境与设备工程专业设计工作和施工、验收调试、运行管理和有关应用科学的研究及技术开发等工作，奠定可靠的基础。2.本毕业设计（论文）课题任务的内容和要求（1）原始资料设计工程所在地区：唐山气象资料（从设计手册中查找）：空调室外计算干、湿球温度，相对湿度等；建筑资料建筑平面图、立面图：图中包括建筑尺寸、围护结构及门窗做法、建筑层高、建筑用途等；室内设计参数：按照采暖通风与空气调节设计规范GB50019-2003要求确定。（2）技术要求综合运用所学知识，对所给建筑物进行空调工程设计；通过相关方案对比，确定优化方案，体现出创新点；论据要充分，数据要准确；设计参数、设计方案除满足设计规范外，还应符合施工验收规范的要求；部分功能特殊的建筑，需要进行采暖设计；在选择系统和设备时，应综合考虑当地环保、节能的具体要求；应根据当地的资源情况，优先考虑新能源的应用；将方案思考对比过程、设计计算等以文字形式整理成设计说明书（执行学校规定格式）；将空调系统的管道、设备等布置情况及型号规格等以工程图的形式绘出设计图（按绘图标准绘制）；（3）工作要求以求实认真的态度对待本次设计；坚持请消假制度；按进度安排在规定时间内完成各阶段任务。3.对本毕业设计（论文）课题成果的要求（1）设计说明书说明书应有封面、前言、目录、外文摘要（不少于150词）、必要的计算过程；计算内容应给出其来源；在确定设计方案时应有一定的技术、经济比较（如设计方案的选择、设备的选型等）说明；内容应分章节，重复计算使用表格方式，参考资料应列出；设计说明书应不少于20000字（60100页为宜）。要求设计说明书文理通顺、书写工整、叙述清晰、内容完整、观点明确、论据正确，应将建筑概况和设计方案交待清楚。 （2）设计图纸要求绘制68张折合1#图纸，包括计算机绘图和手绘图，其中手绘图纸至少1张（本次设计均为白纸图）。图纸应包括设计施工说明、主要设备材料明细表、管网平面、系统图、大样图等。设计图纸要求图面整洁，图纸内容布置合理，图文全部采用工程字体，尽量选用标准图号，标题栏按照统一规定格式绘制，图例及绘图方法执行国家有关制图规范。为保证毕业设计是自己独立完成，设计结束后，应上交有关电子文件。（3）外文资料翻译要表述准确，语言通顺，有标题、署名、正文、著录等项目。（4）本毕业设计成果的结构应严格执行“唐山学院毕业设计（论文）撰写规范”。毕业设计（论文）进度计划安排阶段应完成的主要工作计划起止时间1毕业实习、收集资料、熟悉设计任务书、撰写开题报告第34周2空调冷、热负荷计算，确定空调方案并布置管道、设备等第56周3水力计算、热力计算，选择计算并确定设备型号、规格等，第79周4绘制施工图：风系统平面图，系统图；水系统平面图，系统图；某局部详图。第1013周5外文资料翻译第14周7整理设计说明书，为毕业答辩做准备第1516周8毕业答辩第17周主要参考文献1.采暖通风与空气调节制图标准GBJ114-88. 北京；中国建筑工业出版社2.采暖通风与空气调节设计规范GB50019-2003 中国计划出版社。3.全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施暖通空调、动力中国建筑设计研究院 20034.民用建筑采暖通风设计技术措施CJJ/78-97. 北京：中国建筑工业出版社5.建筑设备专业设计技术措施北京建筑设计研究院6.采暖通风设计手册 中国建筑工业出版社,19987.建筑供热采暖设计图集 机械工业出版社 ，20048.建筑空调设计图集 机械工业出版社， 20059.建筑工程设计编制深度实例范本暖通空调 中国建筑工业出版社，200310.地源热泵技术中国建筑工业出版社，200311.建筑设备施工安装通用图集-91SBX1-2000华北标办, 200112.建筑设备施工安装通用图集-91B1-1暖气工程华北标办，200513.建筑设备施工安装通用图集-91B6-1空调与通风工程华北标办，200514. 陆亚俊主编暖通空调北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2002 15. 陆亚俊 马最良 姚杨空调工程中制冷技术 哈尔滨工程大学出版社16.通风与空调工程施工验收规范GB50243-2002指导教师（签名）： 审批人（签名）：3优秀指导教师审批表系（部）：教师基本情况姓名性别年龄职称学历学位指导的优秀毕业设计（论文）题目系推荐意见 系主任：年 月 日学院意见 年 月 日Shallow talk the building environment an air condition to can consume with the warmSummary:The research constructs environment, understanding a warm an air condition to carry output reason and influencing factor, can be more and reasonably put forward solve problem of method.Keyword:Constructing a warm of environment an air condition can consume.Shallow talk the building environment an air condition to can consume with the warm1.The building environment an air condition to can consume with the warm The energy provided motive for the development of the economy, but because of various reason, the development of the energy is a usually behind in economy of development.In the last few years, the growth rate maintenance of citizens total output value of China are in about 10%, but the growth rate of the energy only have 3% s 4%.Such situations requesting us has to economize on energy.The comparison that constructs the energy depletion in the society always the ability consume compares greatly, the building of the flourishing nations use can have to the whole country generally and always can consume of 30% s 40%;China adopts the town population of the warm area although only 13.6% that have national population, adopt warm use an ability but have a whole country and always can consume of 9.6%.Construct the economy energy is the basic trend of the building development, is also a new growth ofwith the contemporary building science technique to order.The necessity of the modern building constitutes a part of warm, the air condition realm has already received the influence of this kind of trend as well, warm the economy energy within air condition system is cause a warm the attention of the air condition worker, and aims at different of the adopt of energy characteristics and the dissimilarity building of the nation,region is warm,well ventilated,the air condition request develop a related economy energy technique.The research constructs environment, understanding a warm an air condition to carry output reason and influencing factor, can be more and reasonably put forward solve problem of method. 2.Warm the air condition can consume of constitute For creating comfortable indoor air condition environment, have to consume a great deal of energy.Warm the air condition can consume is the building can consume medium of big door, reside to statistics a warm an air condition in the flourishing nation and can consume to have 65% that building can consume, canning consume to share by building always can consume of 356% calculation, warm the air condition can consume to share and always can consume of the comparison is up to 22.75% unexpectedly, be showed from this the building economy energy work of point should be warm the economy energy of the air condition.The air condition can consume to constitute and can see from the warm:Warm the air condition system can consume main the decision is cold in the air condition,hot the burden really certainly installs with the reasonable of the air condition system, the decoration of the air condition system and the choice of the air-condition take the air condition burden as basis of.So warm air condition economy energy of the key is the air condition the external world to carry to carry and inner part really settle, and warm air condition economy energy the work should also begin from this aspect, reasonable decoration building of position, the exactitude chooses the shape and material etc.s of the outside wall,door,window,roof, reducing air condition burden as far as possible.3.The influence of the indoor environment Warm the target of the air condition is for people to provide comfortable life and produce indoor hot environment。Take can make the human body hold the balance but satisfy peoples comfortable felling as a purpose in the general comfortable sex air condition;In the constant temperature wetly or have the craft air condition ofwith clean request, everything takes satisfying to produce a craft as a target.But the building of the house the hot work design is the heat that the fitting land utilization uses the house maintenance structure to lead sex, resisting the variety of the outdoors weather, making comfortable tiny weather of creation inside the room.4. Round to protect a warm of structure the influence ofwith air condition burden Round to protect structure to include the outer circle structure with inside round to protect structure.The outer circle protects structure to mainly include the house noodles,outside wall and window;(include the veranda door etc.)Inside round to protect structure to mainly includein ground,crest,inside separate wall etc.In adopt the warm building, the comparison that rounds to protect structure to transmit heat hot loss to share total heat to lose is bigger, with 4 units 6 the brick wall,the concrete building knothole typical model of the layers many layer buildings for example, the region in Peking, pass to round to protect structure to transmit heat hot lose about 77% of have the all hot loss;(among them outside the wall is 25%, the window is 24%, the stairs partition wall is 11%, the house noodles is 9%, the veranda door the lower part is 3%, ground 2%)The air that passes the doors and windows blind side permeate hot lose to have 23% about;The region in Harbin, pass to round to protect structure to transmit heat hot lose about 71% of have the all hot loss;(among them outside the wall is 28%, the window is 28%, the house noodles is 9%, the veranda door the lower part is 1%, the outside door is 1%, ground 4%)The air that passes the doors and windows blind side permeate hot lose to have 29% about.Be showed from this an improvement to round hot work function of protect the structure an air condition for the warm.5. Influence constructed the programming design an air condition economy energy to the warm. Program a design construct the important aspect ofwith the economy energy design, programing economy energy a design should choose an address from the construction,cent area,the building and road set up an alignment,building directions toward,building type of figure,building be apart from,winter monsoon predominance direction,the sun radiation,building the exterior space environment constitute etc. carry on a research. With excellent turn the tiny weather environment of the building;Be advantageous to economy energy, full value and make use of the solar energy,winter predominance direction of wind,geography and geography, make use of natural factor.The design of economize on energy the programming is the beneficial and disadvantageous influence of decision factor,the radiation factor,the atmospheric-circulation factor and the geography factor that analyzes to make good, passing a building of the programming layout carries on to the above-mentioned factor full make use of,reformation, become to live a condition and be advantageous to the tiny weather environment ofwith economy energy goodly.The flank of the building of green turn to have already defended breeze and separate a voice,dust palliative and beautify environment not only of function, and for building the economy energy also has an important function. Because the tree can absorb humidity from the root first, leading leafs noodles to evaporate together, lowering the air temperature thus, secondly the tree is good hide the sun function, make thus the building be subjected to directly of the sun radiation and get from the ground of the radiation heat reduce, two is the function that the tree has leading breeze and blocks breeze.In addition, the ground will reflect the sun radiation not only, and its radiation become again after go up new of hot radiation source.So grow grass and plant trees as far as possible, avoid the ground soil bare, and reduce the otiose and big area concrete ground ping for reduce the air condition burden, the purpose that attains economy energy is a count for much means.And outdoors environment sweep for clean air condition system of valid circulate and the air condition box the life span of the filter is also beneficial. In fine, the building environment is influence a warm, the air condition can consume of important factor, from construct environment to begin consideration is the key that resolves a warm an air condition economy energy a problem, is also a kind of aggressive economy energy work the author think and should emphasize a following work: (1)the establishment correspond of policy laws.Draw up the policy laws to economize on energy a work to have meaning of instruction to the building, and is appear with the form of the laws, on then meaning a government a value and encouraging, two can work for the economy energy of open an exhibition to provide law a basis.In recent years State Department with relevant department the also promulgated a related building economy energy laws;In addition each local government also according to the weather condition and the energy characteristics, draw up each from of the building economy energy standard and rule;But total of still treat to the parlance rules and policy further perfect. (2)the push technological advance.Warm the air condition economy energy work opens an exhibition to can not get away from a technical progress smoothly.Nation while draw up the economy energy policy, then indicated a development a direction, also encouraged a technique a progress.Only depend on the development of science and technology, continuously excellent turn the energy structure with use an ability a method, then can be real to attain economy energy, create the huge social performance and economic performance. (3)strengthen the coordination of the professional.The building is the outcome that each work grows a match, the building profession wants not only to consider from the aspects, such as the building function and the building esthetics.etc. while consider the building environment, also wanting to carry on a match with the equipments work kind, the full value building environment,the building material.etc. to warm the air condition is the influence that goes to a building and cans consume, each work grows coordination work, the common completion economy energy design.In fine begin from the outside environment in the building, continuously excellent turn to construct hot function, make use of beneficial building environment well, will create a feat indoor hot environment by all means, development be advantageous to a warm an air condition economy energy also and necessarily.6555. Energy saving design measures should be taken 在科学技术日新月异的今天,暖通空调领域不断涌现出新技术,我们可以通过多种方法实现暖通空调系统的节能。 Rapid changes in science and technology today, area HVAC new technologies emerge, we can achieve a variety of ways of energy saving HVAC systems. 61. 1从设计入手,合理选择、设计暖通空调系统,使其在高效、经济的状况下运行。5555.1 Starting from the design, selecting, designing HVAC systems, so that the efficient state of the economy running. 设计是工程的龙头,系统设计的优劣直接影响其使用性能。 Design is a leading engineering, system design will directly affect its performance. 而建筑负荷计算是设计的重要内容之一,当前普遍存在一个现象就是设计工期短,许多设计人员为了节省时间,错误地利用设计手册中供方案设计或初步设计时估算冷、热负荷用的单位建筑面积冷、热负荷指标,直接作为施工图设计阶段确定冷热负荷的依据,往往使得总负荷偏大,从而导致空调采暖设备偏大,初投资增高,运行费用增加,能量消耗增加。 The building load calculation is an important part of the design, a common problem is that the current design of short duration, many designers to save time, wrong use of the design manual for the design or preliminary design estimates of cold, heat load with the unit construction area of cold, heat load index, direct construction design stage as hot and cold load to determine the basis, often making the total load is too large, resulting in heating equipment, air conditioning is too large, higher initial investment, operating costs, increased energy consumption. 61.2采用新型节能舒适健康的空调及采暖方式55.2 using the new energy-saving air-conditioning and heating comfort and healthy manner影响人体热舒适性的环境参数众多,不同的环境参数组合可以得到相同的热舒适性效果,但对于不同热湿参数组合的环境其空调系统的能耗是不相同的。 Affect human thermal comfort environment of many parameters, different environmental parameters can get the same effect of thermal comfort, but for different heat and moisture parameters of the environment of its energy consumption air conditioning system is not the same. 61.3结合实际情况,合理选择空调冷热源,力求实现冷热55.3 Actual situation of a reasonable choice of cold and heat sources, seek to achieve diversification of cold and heat source 随着暖通空调系统的广泛应用,对不可再生能源的消耗也大幅度上升,同时对生态环境的破环也日趋加剧。 With the extensive application of HVAC systems on non-renewable energy consumption also rose sharply, while the broken part of the ecological environment are becoming increasingly intensified. 如何合理的选择冷热源,已经引起了各方的广泛关注。 How to choose a reasonable heating sources, has caused widespread concern of all parties. 61.4加强冷热回收利用的研究运用工作,实现能源利55.4 to enhance the use of hot and cold recycling of the work, to achieve maximum energy提高暖通空调系统的能源利用率也是实现空调节能的途径之一。 HVAC systems to improve energy efficiency is one of the ways to achieve energy-saving air-conditioning. 热回收主要是通过系统中安装的能量回收装置,用排风中的能量来处理新风,就可以减少处理新风所需的能量,降低机组负荷,达到节能的目的。 Heat recovery system installed mainly through energy recovery, with the air from wind energy to deal with new, fresh air can reduce the energy required for processing, reducing the load, to save energy. 在选择热回收装置时,应当结合当地气候条件、经济状况、工程的实际情况、排风中有害气体的情况等多种因素综合考虑,以确定选用合适的热回收装置,从而达到花较少的投资,回收较多的热(冷)量的目的。 In the choice of heat recovery, the should be integrated with the local climate Tiao Jian, Jing Ji situation, Gong Cheng actual situation of harmful exhaust gases of the situation in a variety of factors Deng integrated to determine the Xuanyong suitable heat recovery, so as to achieve Hua Jiao Shaos investment, recovery of more heat (cold) the amount of purpose. 61.5着力开发可再生能源,积极推广新55.5 focus on development of renewable energy, and actively promoting new energy由于空调系统中所使用的高品位、不可再生能源所引起的资源环境问题也日益突出,必须开发一些合理有效的可再生能源以缓解目前的紧张局面。 As the air-conditioning systems used in high-grade, non-renewable energy resources and environmental problems caused by the increasingly prominent, have to develop some reasonable and effective renewable energy to ease the current tensions. 地热(冷)能和太阳能等可再生资源应用于空调制冷,具有一定的优势,而且清洁无污染。 To heat (cold) and solar and other renewable resources used in air conditioning and refrigeration, has certain advantages, but also clean and pollution-free. 地源热泵是一种利用浅层和深层的大地能量,包括土壤、地下水、地表水、海水、污水等作为冬季热源和夏季冷源,是既可供暖又可制冷的新型中央空调系统。 Ground Source Heat Pump is a use of shallow and deep earth energy, including soil, groundwater, surface water, seawater, sewage, etc. as a cold source in winter and summer heat is not only heating but also a new central air-conditioning system cooling. 浅谈建筑环境与暖通空调能耗摘要：研究建筑环境，了解暖通空调负荷产生的原因及影响因素，可以更加合理地提出解决问题的方法。关键词：建筑环境 暖通空调 能耗1.建筑环境与暖通空调能耗能源为经济的发展提供了动力，但是由于各种原因，能源的发展往往滞后于经济的发展。近几年，中国的国民生产总值的增长率维持在约10，但是能源的增长率只有34。这样的形势要求我们必须节能。建筑能源消耗在社会总能耗中的比例较大，发达国家的建筑用能一般占到全国总能耗的3040；中国采暖区的城镇人口虽然只占全国人口的13.6，但是采暖用能却占全国总能耗的9.6。建筑节能是建筑发展的基本趋势，也是当代建筑科学技术的一个新的生长点。现代建筑的必要组成部分暖通空调领域也已经收到这种趋势的影响，暖通空调系统中的节能正在引起暖通空调工作者的注意，并且针对不同的国家、地区的能源特点和不同建筑的采暖、通风、空调要求发展者相关的节能技术。研究建筑环境，了解暖通空调负荷产生的原因及影响因素，可以更加合理地提出解决问题的方法。 2.通空调能耗的组成为了创造舒适的室内空调环境，必须消耗大量的能源。暖通空调能耗是建筑能耗中的大户，居统计在发达国家中暖通空调能耗占建筑能耗的65，以建筑能耗占总能耗的356计算，暖通空调能耗占总能耗的比例竟高达22.75，由此可见建筑节能工作的重点应该是暖通空调的节能。从暖通空调的能耗组成可以看出：暖通空调系统的能耗主要决定于空调冷、热负荷的确定和空调系统的合理配置，空调系统的布置和空调设备的选择是以空调负荷为依据的。所以暖通空调节能的关键是空调外界负荷和内部负荷的确定，而暖通空调节能工作也应该从这个方面着手，合理布置建筑物的位置，正确选择外墙、门、窗、屋顶的形状及材料等，尽量减少空调负荷。3.室内环境的影响暖通空调的目标是为人们提供舒适的生活和生产室内热环境，主要包括：室内空气温度、空气湿度、气流速度以及人体与周围环境（包括四壁、地面、顶棚等）之间的辐射换热（简称环境热辐射）等。在一般的舒适性空调中，以能够使人体保持平衡而满足人们的舒适感觉为目的；在恒温恒湿或有洁净要求的工艺性空调中，一切以满足生产工艺为目标。而房屋的建筑热工设计是恰当地利用房屋维护结构的热导性，抵抗室外气候的变化，使房间内产生舒适的微气候。4.维护结构暖通空调负荷的影响 围护结构包括外围结构和内围护结构。外围护结构主要包括屋面、外墙和窗户（包括阳台门等）；内围护结构主要包括地面、顶棚、内隔墙等。在采暖建筑中，围护结构的传热热损失占总的热损失的比例是较大的，以4个单元6层的砖墙、混凝土楼板的典型多层建筑为例，在北京地区，通过围护结构的传热热损失约占全部热损失的77（其中外墙25，窗户24，楼梯间隔墙11，屋面9，阳台门下部3，地面2）；通过门窗缝隙的空气渗透热损失约占23；在哈尔滨地区，通过围护结构的传热